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Social allocation is an important topic in political research。From the perspective of some political scholars，Formulate rules that allocate various public resources through legal political procedures and enforce them，This is the main application of national power。such as，American politician David Iston thinks，"The distribution of a society and the recurring obedience to this distribution is two core variables of political life"。From this perspective，Allocation of fair research is one of the important issues of political research。By allocation of fair research，Clarifying the principle of justice，Based on this, the system and policy of constructing allocation and allocation，help to achieve common prosperity development goals。

　　Common wealth cannot be separated from institutional guarantee

For more than forty years of reform and opening up，my country's economic growth has achieved world -renowned achievements。In 2020, the first national product of the people exceeded the millions of dollars，increased by more than two hundred times over 1978。At the same time，Gap the rich and the poor、Education fair social issues also surface。These problems are closely related to the distribution of social wealth。Construct a fair social allocation system，Provide institutional guarantee for the development goals of common prosperity，is the main task of the current social development。

So，From the perspective of institutional construction，What specific goals should we achieve? The key to achieving common prosperity is to enhance the life prospects of low -income people。Current，The rich class and the middle class have reached a certain degree of wealth，So "common" wealth，The key lies in "Get rich first and then rich"，Increase the richness of the low -income class。When we judge whether a country has reached a common prosperity，Low -income people should be used as the target group，Observe their living conditions，Through various institutional means, effectively enhance the life prospects of low -income people，Maintaining the opportunity of its future generations in social competition is equal。

Based on this，The author believes that achieving common prosperity must achieve the following three specific goals: first，Covering the whole people、Social Security System of Memorability; Second，Cross -region、bet365 best casino games High -quality public education; third，The gap between the rich and poor is controlled to a certain range。These three aspects are the specific goals that they want to achieve together，It is also determining whether a country has reached a common prosperity of common prosperity。where，The first two goals are the necessary conditions for achieving common prosperity，and the third goal is higher、Conditions that can be discussed。

　　Allocate and social security system

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out，Persist in protecting and improving people's livelihood。Promoting the well -being of people's livelihood is the fundamental purpose of development。Must conspire the benefits of people's livelihood、Understand the worry of people's livelihood，Make up the shortcomings of people's livelihood in development、Promoting social fairness and justice，Nursery in children、Learning to teach、Doctors with disease、Doctors with disease、Old raising、Living for a living、Weak support has continuously achieved new progress。The so -called "young breeding、Learning to teach、Doctors with disease、Doctors with disease、Old raising、Living for a living、Weak support "，Refers to constructing a social security system covering the whole people，Focusing on low -income people，Weaving a social security network for them，Makes them unfortunately not fall into food、Dressless body，No money to see a doctor、There is no money to go to school。This huge security net should cover people's clothes、Food、Living、Division，Make people in any place in the country (rural or city，Developed areas are still underdeveloped)，Regardless of its talent (whether disability，Innocence is still stupid)，Regardless of its luck (if you encounter an investment failure、Unfortunately suffering from disease, etc.)，Nothing can not maintain a decent life。

More importantly，This security net should be covered by the whole people。Every citizen，One element as a political community enjoys equal rights。These rights include the right to life、Health Right、Education rights, etc.。So，The construction of the social security system must ensure the equivalent rights of different social members，Especially given the attention of low -income groups。Because，For the wealthy class，The social security system is not necessary。They can buy better services in the market by relying on their wealth。but，For low -income people，The social security system is often their life -saving straw。From this point，The main task of the social security system is to ensure the basic life of low -income people。

Concern according to the above system，We can briefly examine the current social security system of our country。Take the bet365 live casino games medical insurance system as an example，my country has now established a medical insurance system covering the whole people，But this medical insurance system is not "homogeneous"，but divided into three systems: (1) The basic medical insurance system for urban employees implemented in 2001，Cover all the party and government group agencies in the area、Enterprise and Institutions; (2) New rural cooperative medical system implemented in 2005，Covering the agricultural population of the area (including migrant workers); (3) the basic medical insurance system for urban residents implemented in 2007，Non -agricultural household residents who are not included in the basic medical insurance of urban employees in the area of ​​the area。

The crowds covered by these three bet365 live casino games medical insurance systems，The method of raising funds and the total amount of funds raised are also different。such as，High income of employees in cities and towns、More medical insurance costs paid，Its medical security will be better; for rural residents and urban residents，Due to low income、Unstable，The cost of medical insurance paid is less，The medical expenses raised are also less，The medical insurance that can be enjoyed is also weaker。and，The cost of medical insurance for urban employees is very proportion to the unit's payment，This is suspected of reverse re -assignment。So，The ideal national medical insurance system should be，All members of the society, whether they are in the countryside or city，Regardless of whether there is a fixed job，Regardless of the medical insurance costs they have paid, there is less or less，You can enjoy the same medical services when you are sick。Only this，Only to truly protect the health rights of each citizen's equality，This is also the required for common prosperity development goals。

　　Public education and opportunity equality

The second goal of achieving common prosperity is to establish cross -regional、High -quality public education system。A society that realizes common prosperity cannot be a society that exists in poor intergeneration，It is not possible to be a class solidification、Society lacking social liquidity。A society that realizes common prosperity，It must be a chance to maintain opportunities in a sense、Society that provides everyone with the possibility of comprehensive development。And the comprehensive development of anyone depends on good education，Especially primary education。So，Fair distribution of educational resources is the key to maintaining equality of opportunities。

Maintenance of equality for opportunities cannot completely rely on private education in the free market。Because，Private education needs to be purchased with money，The gap between the wealth gap between the rich and bet365 Play online games the poor will cause them to obtain a huge difference in educational resources。In simple terms，Low -income people have no money to buy high -quality private education。So，Implementing opportunities Equality、Maintenance Education Fairness，It can only rely on public education rather than market -oriented private education。Needless doubt，There are some better locations and high -quality scarce resources in any society，For example, high -paying work、Famous Brand University, etc.。A common wealthy society，Not everyone gets a high -quality scarce resource society，Instead, everyone has the opportunity to gain a society that obtains scarce resources through fair competition。The so -called fair competition，It is the competition that guarantees equality (rather than concluded)。

Opportunity to require us to set a unified rule for the competition of resources and implement it strictly in accordance with the rules，Not because of gender、National、Born、Family background、Religious beliefs and other factors and discriminate against any social members。At the same time，In order to achieve more fair competition，The state should also pass the corresponding system and policy，Make up those members who are disadvantaged in social conditions and natural endowments。

The so -called "social situation"，refers to the family environment of social members、Economic conditions、The social class and the corresponding social relationships that belong to。For example，Is it born in the countryside or city，Is it the eastern area or the development of the western region; whether the family is poverty or rich，Is it Shuxiangmen Di or Xialiba ... These factors directly determine that everyone grows from small to large，It plays a role in people's competition for scarce resources。The so -called "natural endowment"，Refers to people's natural talents in all aspects。Some lives are smart，All kinds of skills will learn。IQ level、Talent's advantages and disadvantages，It will also have a key effect on people's competition for scarce resources。"Social conditions" and "natural endowment" have nothing to do with a person's efforts。So，A more fair competition should be the competition of social members who are in disadvantaged in the above two aspects of social system。

Take the theory of opportunities to review the distribution of China's current educational resources，I will find it on the issue of education fairness in cross -region，We still have many things to do。Especially on the issue of urban differences，In recent years，Education of primary and secondary schools in our country strives to get rid of the stereotype of test Bet365 app download -oriented education，Promote quality education，Let students accept more abundant scientific and cultural knowledge。but，The current quality education is limited to promoting primary and secondary schools in developed cities，I didn’t take into account the countryside、Primary and secondary schools in towns and towns。Does the children in rural schools have the opportunity to accept music、Art、Quality education including sports，Is there a chance to contact the movie、Drama、Cultural products like this concert，It seems not a problem that people care about。This is actually a serious educational unfair phenomenon。In many underdeveloped areas，Scarcity of public education resources，and private education are carried out in strict test education methods。Rural children want to change destiny，Can only die、Reading dead book，Even if the strength of Nine Niu Niu Tiger has been admitted to the university I like，I will also see the world、Polying urban classmates feel inferior in front of cities。Teachers who do students work in some colleges and universities will give feedback，Rural students entering the top university through the "Poverty Special"，I often feel inferior、Not adapted to college life，It is difficult to get along with other students。So，Educational fairness should look at a wider area，Can't be limited to issues that are not limited to developed cities to discuss education equity，Education investment in township schools should be increased，Improve the treatment of rural teachers，From hardware、Software to improve the quality of education in rural areas，Introduce quality education into the countryside。

From the perspective of "complement natural endowment"，my country is currently not enough for the special education for the disabled。my country is currently not enough for the special education for the disabled，Unable to contact high -quality educational resources。Because it is difficult to work normally，Get enough income，These people often belong to low -income people。

So，To achieve common prosperity，It is necessary to establish a cross -regional、High -quality public education system。The point is to improve the quality of education in rural areas，Introducing quality education and rich cultural products into rural areas。At the same time，Increase the education investment of the disabled，Make them likely to be a member of the society。

　　Gap between the rich and poor and equalism

The third goal of achieving common prosperity is to reduce the gap between the rich and the poor，This is the most intuitive goal，But it is a questionable goal。That is to say，In the case where the first two goals of common prosperity have been achieved，Is there any reason to further reduce the gap between the rich and the poor? Bet365 lotto review If in a society，People’s "basic needs" are satisfied，Able to participate in social life，Develop your own abilities; receive a good initial education，and compete in various scarcity resources fairly; then，Should we still shrink the gap between the rich and the poor between people through the re -assignment means? What is the reason for this?

On this question，We can learn from the perspective of U.S. political philosopher Royz。Ros thinks，Human society is a common social cooperation system。In this system，Some people make more profits and others make less profit，This has caused the gap between the rich and the poor between people。In the process of economic development，With the increase of the total social wealth，The income of all levels of the society increases，The gap between the rich and the poor also increases at the same time。When the economy develops to a certain degree，The total amount of social wealth is increasing，But due to the rapid expansion of the gap between the rich and the poor，The income of low -income people in society has begun to decrease。Ros thinks，Unemosis in society should end at the time when the income of the minimum beneficiary starts to decrease。Because，If the degree of inequality further intensified，Then social relations become the prosperity and prosperity of some people at the price of the sacrifice of others。At this time，Social cooperation lost the characteristics of "mutual benefit"，No longer justice。

From this，We get the third goal of achieving common prosperity: control the gap between the rich and the poor within a certain range，but do not pursue the average of income and wealth。As for the gap between the rich and the poor, it should be controlled，The income level of low -income people in society should be standard。Observation of the welfare level of low -income people calculated by purchasing power parity，If the total economic growth increases，The welfare level of low -income people also increases accordingly，So you don't need to worry about the gap between the rich and the poor; on the contrary，When the welfare level of low -income groups starts to decline，The property tax should be passed、Increase income tax and other systems increase the re -distribution intensity，Reduce the gap between the rich and the poor。

To sum up，Common wealth is the essential characteristics of socialism，In the new era of socialism，To achieve common prosperity，What specific goals must be clear for common wealth。Common and rich society is a society that guarantees the basic needs of people，Is a fair and competitive society，Is a society without a gap between the rich and the poor。These features determine the three goals of common prosperity: cover the whole people、Bet365 app download Social Security System，Cross -region、High -quality public education，Make sure that the welfare of low -income people does not decrease, a smaller gap between the rich and the poor。These three goals are also indicators to judge whether a society is achieved in common。Common wealth is not simply narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor，Based on the basic needs of all members of all society and the fair competition of the whole society，Gradually shrink the gap between the rich and the poor。The realization of common prosperity is inseparable from a fair allocation system。Researchers in political science should be based on clarifying the theory of allocation of fairness，In -depth discussion of the social distribution system，Make intellectual contribution to the development goals of common prosperity。

　　(Author Unit: School of International Relations, Renmin University of China、National Development and Strategy Research Institute of Renmin University of China、Common Wealth Research Institute of Renmin University of China)