With the advancement of the new urbanization development strategy，Town Street "Economic Development Quick、Large land area、Multi -Resident Population "and other features are highlighted，The traditional administrative management system is facing huge challenges。2020，The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Party proposed "Promote the focus of social governance to move down the grassroots"，Emphasize "empowerment to the grassroots level，Strengthen the construction of urban and rural community governance and service system "。"Decentralization" solves the "visible (town) cannot control to a certain extent，The problem that can be visible (the superior functional department) cannot be seen，but also new problems such as the grassroots "unable to connect" and "unwilling to pick up"。Most of the existing research focuses on the division of power in the process of decentralization，Lack of attention to the acceptance of the right to affairs。Undertake the right of grass -roots government affairs as the entry port，The idea of ​​exploring grass -roots government governance capabilities is important。

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First, it is relatively prominent under the overdue of power.

First，Excessive power of the matter leads to imbalance of grassroots power and responsibility。The superior government gives a lot of power to the town street，Seeming power "rapid expansion"，In fact, it is an increase in management responsibility。For example，2019 The Guangdong Provincial Government issued the "Decision on Part of the Administrative Management of the Pilot Town of the Economic and Development Town Administrative Management System Reform"，Economic developed town 325 county -level administrative powers。But，Due to the lack of effective evaluation mechanism，often uses the number of decentralization as the primary indicator of evaluation reform，As a result, the grassroots government undertakes failure。If a recent survey display，The town -level quality supervision station needs to undertake special equipment supervision Bet365 lotto review after the reform、Elevator Supervision、Boiler and other more than 400 professional and strong law enforcement tasks，But the ability to undertake is limited，As a result of the short -term internal division of power is suspended。

Next，Excessive decentralization causes the contradiction between administrative efficiency and cost.。The original intention of the decentralization of the matter is to solve the problem of the grass -roots "power of power"，Give the grassroots more authority to improve administrative efficiency。But，In actual operation, often lacks consideration of administrative costs。According to the grassroots government,，Some decentralized power exercises only once or twice a year，However, we must systematically study and buy dedicated technical equipment for this，Excessive cost。

Second, insufficient supporting resources undertaked by power.

First，Fiscal non -supporting issues prominent。In addition to the prescribed power and expenditure items，Also often appears "superior order，Town Street Buy Order，Add vegetables halfway "。Insufficient funds and business support for the superior government，The supporting funds have not been placed on the town street under the principle of "wealth go"，Affects the substantial effect of reform。Because financial resources can’t keep up with the right of affairs，The government is not in place in public service supply，The decentralization of the matter is evolved into the decentralization of responsibility。

Next，Preparation and approval standards are not compatible with the new situation。The population scale of the town street、The total economic volume is increasing and daily，But the preparation and approval have followed the standards of more than ten years ago，Law enforcement resources are generally tight。Preparation and management lag phenomenon is particularly prominent in the field of comprehensive administrative law enforcement: First, compile restrictions lead to serious insufficient law enforcement forces。Most of the preparators holding law enforcement certificates can only meet the basic signature needs，A large number of law enforcement work needs to rely on government employees。Second, the construction of the law enforcement team is not synchronized with the increase in business volume。Standardized with law enforcement work，The complexity Bet365 lotto review of the task has exacerbated the pressure of grassroots law enforcement，The limit of the number of personnel and identity makes it difficult to develop grassroots work。

　　The root of the dilemma

First，Government power and responsibilities under the management of the grassroots level。

Specific manifestations as the town -level system leverage the county -level population and municipal economy，The so -called "town -level system" means that the economic developed town as the town -level government，Set up the system in the system、Given management permissions、Supporting management resources。Strictly speaking，This is a state of incompetence and responsibility: no substantial first -level finance，No law enforcement power in the complete sense，Incorrect settings of law enforcement agencies，The export agencies set up by the superiors are incomplete belonging to town -level management。

Second, the rigid organizational structure restricts grass -roots government capabilities.

First，The top -down "inverted pyramid" -type institution setting makes the grassroots work be overwhelmed。The number of sets in the county -level institution is far more than that of town -level institutions，Based on this，The latter gradually forms a "one -to -many" situation，Surgery operation of various departments。

Next，The "inverted pyramid" institutional setting has increased the between the superior governments、AC obstacles between departments。Administrative tasks are issued from top to bottom.，If there are conflicts between different internal and interior institutions between different county -level or different departments，Many tasks at the town level are often difficult to carry out。In short，The more you go to the grassroots，The government's affairs are getting more cumbersome，The disadvantage of poor communication, the more obvious the disadvantage，The difficulty of the grassroots government's work has exacerbated。

again，Foundation of the relationship between the town -level government has affected the ability of the town government to dominate administrative resources。The existence of the relationship between the "block" has caused incomplete power structure，Division and weakening the power and ability of town -level management of the regional affairs。Although the regulations bet365 Play online games of the superior and the town government are the same level，But in actual work，Article departments have evolved into the superior department of the town -level government，It can be assigned to towns and towns，As a result of the increase in work tasks in towns and villages。

Third, the license of law enforcement authority is immature.

Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，The Party Central Committee attaches great importance to the reform of the administrative law enforcement system。Therefore，Law enforcement types are the key areas of my country's rights to decentralize，Large -scale right to adjust and reshape the grassroots operation mechanism。Current，Comprehensive administrative law enforcement reform is still in the exploration stage，The right to undertake the right to undertake after the institutional integration is not yet mature。

First，Lack of law enforcement subjects。In the top -down law enforcement system，The role of the town -level institution is positioned as assistance，The main function is daily inspections、Discover problems、Report and assist law enforcement in the situation。Government government usually faces various illegal phenomena，But the lack of qualifications of law enforcement subjects in the grassroots government cannot be punished on the spot，During the reporting process, there are problems such as "difficulty in obtaining evidence" and "insufficient evidence"。Over time，Grass -roots law enforcement officers are often selective law enforcement in daily work。

Next，Unprepared coordination mechanism。Internal business of the integrated administrative law enforcement agency is separated from each other，Set the corresponding internal department or squadron，Still operation of the workflow before the integration。Although to a certain extent guarantees the pertinence and professionalism of law enforcement work in various fields，But it is also the repeated waste of law enforcement resources。For example，Different law enforcement teams only pay attention to specific fields during daily inspections，instead of overall comprehensive examination，This causes an embarrassing situation that a company is checked multiple times。

　　Suggestions to improve the effectiveness of undertaking

First，Establish a "collection and playback、Scientific and Reasonable Power Division Standards。

bet365 live casino games Deepening the reform of the rights needs to be based on the clear government function division of labor，"Combination and release" of authority based on governance capabilities and needs is the key to simplified administration and decentralization。Where，The entire process of "classification implementation" and "dynamic adjustment" of the right to the right to do with the whole process of the decentralization and recycling of the power。

The first is the classification implementation。For the right to plan construction，It should be combined according to the economic and social development of the town street，Good economic foundation、Town streets that develop rapidly and emphasize regional coordinated development，need to be gradually collected; and the economic foundation is poor、Town streets with relatively backward development should continue to maintain the autonomy of development，At the same time, move the permissions forward or innovate the internal operation mechanism，Improve administrative efficiency。For public services and social management rights，It should be flexibly adjusted on the basis of scientific evaluation。

Second, the main body of the implementation of the right to dynamically adjusts the right to affairs。Under the background of a large amount of power in the early stage，The current and the future should not be "large -scale release"，should be continuously refined，Determine the ownership of the right to controversy。Take Guangzhou as an example，December 29, 2021，The General Office of the People's Government of Guangzhou Municipal People's Government issued a public opinion on the public opinion of the public opinion of the "Guangzhou Municipal People's Government on the Recovery of a Batch of Municipal Administrative Power (Draft for Opinions)"，It is planned to recover 35 municipal administrative power matters implemented by the district level。

2，Adhere to the "consistency and responsibility、Principles of configuration of the right to match "。

The division of power is not a simple transfer of power and responsibilities between the superior governments，but deep -seated、Systematic involving hierarchical rooms、Adjustment of people's property and organization between departments。Any responsibility of the government must have corresponding institutions to undertake，bet365 live casino games More corresponding personnel should be executed，and the organization and the personnel are inseparable from the support of fiscal funding。In the case of limited town -level resources，The decentralization of a large amount of power will inevitably cause the vacuum zone of management。Therefore，Simplified administration and decentralization must emphasize the consistency of power and responsibility，It is also necessary to emphasize "responsibility can match"，Unify the two together。that is, the responsibility of the town -level government must match the ability of the responsibility to fulfill its responsibility，Support for the preparation and financial funding of the right to undertake at the same time。

third，Establish "Unblocked up and down、Covering the feedback channel。

First，The county -level government should conduct sufficient advance research。Before decentralizing the right of the matter，The superior department should conduct research on the undertaking department，The number and professional level of their personnel、Fiscal status and material equipment to form overall cognition，and a discussion with the relevant person in charge of the grassroots government，Fully consider the town -level undertaking ability。

Next，Establish a feedback mechanism for the right of rights。The superior government has the right to appoint and evaluate the appointment and assessment of major town officials，Most towns and streets are worried that the objection is considered not actively implementing reforms when soliciting opinions，So keep silent。Based on this，Governments at all levels should attach great importance to the summary and feedback link of reform，Scientific evaluation Town -level feedback cannot be effectively undertaked，and postpone the release。Should be cautious and detailed，Can't simply "flood" to decentralization for the pursuit of quantity，Can't "remove the responsibility" decentralization in order to reduce the trouble，Can't "select" right for departmental interests。

Fourth，Improve the "Fortune to the matter、Comprehensive Budget "financial support mechanism。

On the one hand，Various policies formulated by the superior department or the annual key work tasks developed by the superior department，It needs to be issued before the preparation of the annual budget preparation of the lower level，so，Incorporate relevant funds into the budget at the beginning of the year。Bet365 app download At the same time，Clear town -level financial responsibility，For public affairs that need to be cooperated and undertaken by the town level，To implement "Fortune with the matter"。On the other hand，New policy issued during the execution、New regulations、The new plan requires the supporting funds of the lower government，Be sure to ask for opinions。The lower -level government cannot adjust the supporting funds in the annual budget，The superior department cannot strengthen work tasks。

　(This article is the development of the Guangzhou -Hong Kong -Macao Greater Bay Area Development of the Guangzhou Think Tank "Construction of Countermeasures for the Construction and Improve the Great Governance Mechanism of Super Large City" (2021GGBT10) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: School of Public Management, South China University of Technology)