Liberalism is the core and foundation of the concept of modernization value in the West，It was once regarded as "the end of the evolution of human ideology"。Now，Liberalism is encountering an economy、Politics、A comprehensive crisis of cultural and other dimensions。The populism that enters the active period again at the end of the 20th century is in the background of this comprehensive crisis。populism is keen on building a "positive self" identity，Dressing itself as the people in the same range，The exclusive spokesperson for self -named the civilians; on the other hand, forcibly stripping out the group that does not belong to the category of the public，Disdered the boundary of the "negative others" for this，and rely on this artificially divided into the tension caused by the "enemy camp"，Mobilize the "us" people to oppose the "other" enemies' policy claims，Get political energy from it。With the rapid growth of populism into the focus of the Western political stage，European and American mainstream parties see their political dividends，and start to be echoed、Improved。Analysis of the political mobilization discourse of mainstream political parties in Europe and the United States in recent years，You can clearly see the logic of populism。

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Calling "civilians against elites" is one of the signs of populism，But they don’t generally resort to civilians，Instead, it represents civilians with the middle and lower levels and various disadvantaged groups; they do not generally ask civilians，Instead of requiring people to bet365 best casino games have an overwhelming power advantage。

After World War II，As the mainstream political parties in Europe and the United States move closer to the middle，The edge of the left and right wings on the edge of the two wings is in the swing of cultural conflicts and unemployment waves，Decrease in trust in mainstream political parties due to long -term lack of representatives。This decourse state for voters and mainstream political parties，The name of "voice of" forgotten people "is named，Taking attacking political elites and systems as a means，The advancement from the edge of the political stage to the center was realized。

Success of civilian discourse narrative，It has also gradually followed the mainstream political parties and its political elite。As the democratic theorist Nadia Urbina said: "[[There is a populist tendency] leader's starting to attack the force against political building ... He must continue to attack the national elite national elite that does not match his route. And the checks and balance institutions that limit their power "，"Once elected，[with a populist tendency] Leaders will feel that they have the right to take action in uniquely without negotiating with relevant agencies。"This clever prediction predicted that British Prime Minister Boris Johnson tried to rest for five weeks in 2019 to make its successful political decision in Brexit。Jeffrei Kaifuk even pointed out，"The Conservative Party, who has always respected parliamentary sovereignty and the rule of law ... is [under the leadership of Johnson] to stand up to a dangerous road calling the public to oppose parliament"。Facing the spread of populism，The mainstream political parties do not maintain the trust of the people's trust，Instead, the discourse mode that imitates civilianism in order to win the campaign，Provide the people to bet365 live casino games fight against the system forces，The final price may be the long -term stability of destroying the domestic democratic system。

　　We and you: localism and anti -immigrants

European and American mainstream parties have made articles on immigration problems in recent years，Among them, the application of confrontation discourse mode is worth noting。

At the economic level，The immigration group is shaped as a large number of "divisions"，exacerbated the gap between local people and foreign immigration groups。At the British Conservative Annual Meeting，Trysa May immediately portrayed foreign immigrants as the "other" who was not worked or worked hard or worked.，It is used to distinguish the local people who are dedicated but not proportional to the return.。She not only emphasizes the continuous growth of the number of immigrants brings heavy pressure to infrastructure，It also repeatedly claims that foreign immigrants have lowered the salary level of the local people。The then US President Donald Trump has repeatedly claimed that foreign immigrants have stolen the work of the local people，plunder the money that belongs to Americans。By shaping immigration as a low wage level、"Curious Culprit" caused by tight public service resources，Guide the public to vent the dissatisfaction with the domestic economic recession to the immigration body，No doubt has created contradictions and cracks for groups。

At the cultural level，The immigration Bet365 app download group is shaped as a "alien" for refusing to integrate into the mainstream society，strengthened the local people's rejection of the immigration group。David Cameron once accused some immigrant groups from being unwilling to integrate into British society，He seriously troubles to the local people; Trump has repeatedly accused Muslim groups of long -term acceptance of American culture，To defend it for its "Muslim ban"。

At the level of social security，The immigration Bet365 app download group is shaped as a "hotbed" that breeds extremists，Deepen the hatred and fear of the people of the people for immigrants。The British Conservative Party Councilor Michael Goff, then the Minister of Justice, had accused the EU of the Schengen system，It believes that it has played an important role in the breeding of terrorists。Trump frequently draws Mexican immigrants with criminals in the relevant debate，claiming that Mexican immigrants have brought confusion to the United States。This kind of ignorance of facts，Magic immigration group，Performance of the identity of the "other"，As a result, domestic hostility against immigrants is surging，expanded the gap between the two groups。

Whether it is in the economy、At the level of culture or social security，The series of mainstream political parties in Europe and the United States all revealed the traces of their reference to the "negative others" identity construction strategy。These political parties have shaped a critical object that is different from "us"，Stimulate the irrational emotions of the people，To achieve the cohesion of the power of the people，Makes the party as a whole showing a populist tendency。

　　The country and other countries: extreme nationalism and anti -integrated

Civilian often takes the banner of "priority of national interests"，Binding anti -integrated political appeal with nationalist emotions，Construction through the "Others" constructs the people's nationalist emotions into support for themselves。Brexit Capture，The mainstream parties will shape the European Union as a politics、Economic and cultural levels Different from critical objects in the UK，Then incite the exclusive emotions of the people of the country for the EU，Political resources for campaign。

At the political level，The Conservative Party will build itself as a fighter who maintains national sovereignty，The EU shaped the hidden dangers bet365 Play online games of the "other" that protects national sovereignty。Although the party's continuous deepening of European integration is always vigilant，But the attitude towards British and European relations is not unchanged。For example, the period of the Sachel government，Mrs. Sachel, the leader of the Conservative Party, has a tough attitude towards the EU，Its Bruph's speech shows a rejection attitude towards the deepening development of European political integration and social integration，The seeds of "European Doubtism" have been broadcast for Britain。The position of the Meijie government is relatively gentle，1991 "Future European White Paper" expressed confidence in the establishment of British and European partnerships，At the end of the same year, the "Mastricht Treaty" that laid the foundation for the establishment of the EU。and the rise of the British Independence Party with populist party，Its suspicion of Europeanism has caused great response in British politics。The Conservative Party saw the huge political energy of the party when the party mobilized，Start imitating mobilization slogans such as "recapture control" and "get back to national sovereignty"，Shape the image of the European Union as the hidden danger of eating British sovereignty，Inciting the people's anti -European mood，to seize political interests from it。

Economic issues are often the core issues in campaign，But under the influence of the financial crisis and the European debt crisis，The economic recovery of the entire European mainland is not ideal。The economic situation at home and abroad has weakened the right to speak of the British mainstream parties，On the other hand, it exacerbates the alienation of the British people for the EU，Mainstream parties who are unable to change the decline in a short time，Urgent need to find a breakthrough bet365 live casino games in the sight of the people。Therefore，Civilian discourse is based on the construction of the economic failure of the euro zone，Black the British economic dilemma as the dragging and restrictions of the EU，to reduce the dissatisfaction of the people's policies。

At the cultural level，The Conservative Party will shape itself as a maintenanceer of local culture，The EU shaped the EU as the "other" that hindered the construction of national identity。Although resorting to identity is one of the means of political mobilization of traditional mainstream political parties，But the construction of populist identity is very different from traditional methods。Under the logic of the words of populism，The issue of national identity and integrated issues，By suggesting that "European integration is constantly eroding the unique identity of this group"，Conflict on multiculturalism in the process of multiculturalism in the process of integration，The people's suspicion of Europe is continuously strengthened。The then Conservative leader Cameron once hinted in the speech: The row rules of the EU personnel may help a large number of Bulgaria and Romania people migrate to the UK，Strict threat to "British"。

Facing the emergence of emerging populist parties on the Western political stage，Some mainstream European and American political parties continue to change political mobilization discourse under the throbbing of populism，to alleviate the continuously intensified election pressure。but，This approach does not touch the essence of the problem，Therefore, it is difficult to save the trend from the root cause，It will also erode the political foundation of the party's own。

　　(This article is the scientific research project of the Liaoning Provincial Department of Education "Challenge and Countermeasures: Research on Universities Network Ideology in the Destiny Community of Network Space" (XZK2020003)

(Author Unit: Marxist College of Dalian University of Technology)