In the strategic design of state governance,bet365 offers building is not limited to the bet365 offers’s own building,But it is closely integrated with national construction and national governance。How to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between bet365 offers building and country building in theory,How to improve the bet365 offers’s leadership and governance capabilities in practice、Strengthen the bet365 offers’s self-building to realize the modernization of national governance,It can be said to be the intersection and meta-proposition of political science research and bet365 offers building research。
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the Philosophy and Social Sciences Work Symposium,Philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics must reflect originality、Uniqueness,“It should be centered on what we are doing,Discover new materials from the practice of my country’s reform and development、New problem found、Propose new ideas、Constructing new theories... This is the focus of building philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics、Focus on the key points”。Viewed from the perspective of political science issues,What is “what we are doing”?Without a doubt,It is the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics that the Communist bet365 offers of China leads the Chinese people to achieve national rejuvenation,It is the Chinese-style modernization led by the bet365 offers in national construction。
To tell China’s story well, we must combine bet365 offers building with country building
The "Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist bet365 offers of China on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the bet365 offers's Centenary Struggle" specifically elaborates on how the Chinese Communist bet365 offers has explored and practiced around the theme of "national rejuvenation" in different historical stages over the past century,This inspires us: we must understand the Communist bet365 offers of China from the perspective and main line of modern country construction。
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist bet365 offers of China,The construction of a strong political bet365 offers and the construction of a modern and powerful socialist country resonate at the same frequency。The great project of bet365 offers building in the new era is a great dream、The Great Struggle、The decisive force of a great cause: on the one hand,Uphold and strengthen the bet365 offers’s overall leadership,The significance of the bet365 offers’s leadership has been raised to an unprecedented historical height,It can be said to be the origin of bet365 offers-state relations in the Chinese context;On the other hand,Incorporate comprehensive and strict bet365 offers governance into the "Four Comprehensives" strategic layout,Give full play to the leading and guaranteeing role of comprehensively and strictly governing the bet365 offers。This shows,In the strategic design of state governance,bet365 offers building is not limited to the bet365 offers’s own building,But it is closely integrated with national construction and national governance。How to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between bet365 offers building and country building in theory,How to improve the bet365 offers’s leadership and governance capabilities in practice、Strengthen the bet365 offers’s self-building to realize the modernization of national governance,It can be said to be the intersection and meta-proposition of political science research and bet365 offers building research。
Only based on experience,Constructing an independent theoretical discourse system of political parties with Chinese characteristics,Only in this way can we respond to and refute many misunderstandings on the important issue of "understanding the Chinese Communist bet365 offers"。Common misunderstandings include: judging the Chinese Communist bet365 offers based on Western political bet365 offers concepts,Believe that the Communist bet365 offers of China is not a normal political bet365 offers that represents “parts”。The root of Pride and Prejudice lies in the lack of voice caused by theory lagging behind practice。Using a Western-centered knowledge system to explain Chinese experience,It is inevitable to cut the feet to fit the shoes、The embarrassment of carving a boat and seeking a sword,Causing a break between theory and reality。Especially in the new era when the discipline of bet365 offers History and bet365 offers Building of the Communist bet365 offers of China has become a first-level discipline,Whether it is from the theoretical sense of subject construction,In the practical sense of telling the story of the Chinese Communist bet365 offers,It is urgent to build a systematic, complete and effective theoretical discourse system of political parties with Chinese characteristics、Great significance。In this area,Political science and bet365 offers building are closely related。
The ontological differences between Chinese and Western political parties from a historical comparison
In terms of function and positioning,Western political parties are often seen as a bridge between the country and society。In Blackwell's Encyclopedia of Political Institutions,"bet365 offers function" is defined as "goal setting、Expression of interests、Socialization and Mobilization、Elite formation and recruitment”。The "New Handbook of Political Science" even puts "bet365 offers system" in the "political behavior" section,Juxtaposed with voter behavior,This fully reflects the main concern of American political bet365 offers research: analyzing voter voting behavior and bet365 offers preferences from a rational choice perspective。The study of political parties in comparative politics basically follows Almond’s “structural-functionalism” paradigm。
It is of positive significance to extract the general characteristics of political bet365 offers functions。Political parties are the product of the rise of modern democratic politics,The functioning of democratic politics in all countries in the world today cannot be separated from political parties。Especially in modern society, the awareness of rights is rising、In the context of diversified participation channels,How political parties in various countries express the will of the people、How to carry out social mobilization、How to select and train political elites,Great similarities among countries with democratic mechanisms。
However,What cannot be ignored,This highly abstract modernization theory reduces complex historical and structural differences,Making the study of political parties careless。Theory comes from practice,The study of Western political parties originates from the history of Western political parties。Take the UK as an example,Modern bet365 offers politics began in the 1830s。With parliamentary reform and expansion of voting rights,Represents the landed aristocracy、The Conservative bet365 offers, which represents the interests of the financial aristocracy, and the Liberal bet365 offers, which represents the interests of the industrial bourgeoisie, walked out of the parliament,Going to the public,It is our duty to win votes and gain political power,Gradually evolved from a "faction" into a modern political bet365 offers with a sound organizational system。After the 1860s,Working class parties enter the stage of history,After World War I, its struggle strategies gradually eased into parliamentary elections and trade union struggles。Overall,As Sartori said,bet365 offers systems in Western countries,Did not participate in the establishment of its nation-state。
There are major differences between political parties in different political systems and political development backgrounds。American scholars Lapalombara and Weiner believe,Parties in developing countries shoulder the responsibility of leading national independence、Mission of national development and social progress,In addition to having the basic functions of a general political bet365 offers,And create a sense of national identity、Awakening awareness of participation in the political system、Provide political education and training functions。Especially,When Marxist parties are included in the research field,bet365 offers theory has been greatly expanded。
Marxist view,The central task of the proletarian bet365 offers is to control state power,And then strive for the economic interests of this class。The "Communist Manifesto" points out,“The first step in the workers’ revolution is to elevate the proletariat to the ruling class,Strive for democracy。The proletariat will use its political dominance,Seize all the capital of the bourgeoisie step by step,Concentrate all the tools of production in the hands of the state, that is, the proletariat organized into the ruling class,And increase the total amount of productivity as quickly as possible”。To build a new type of country that provides democracy for the majority,We must rely on a group composed of professional revolutionaries,Fighting、Centralized proletarian bet365 offers。Therefore,The leadership of the bet365 offers is the basic condition for the dictatorship of the proletariat。After the victory of the revolution and the establishment of a socialist country,The bet365 offers is still the core of leadership in the country’s political life。Therefore,Different from Western political parties that serve as “partial” spokespersons,The Communist bet365 offers of China was born in the dual torrents of the socialist movement and the national liberation movement,Carrying the cohesion of society、Organizational order、The historical mission of building a country。The genes of the Marxist revolutionary bet365 offers determine the role of the Communist bet365 offers of China in national construction and national political life—the country’s highest political leadership force。
The bet365 offers’s leadership in national construction is the core logic of Chinese politics
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized,“Designing and developing national political systems,Must pay attention to history and reality、Theory and practice、The organic unity of form and content”。This principle also applies to theoretical workers。To comprehensively and accurately explain the Communist bet365 offers of China,We must build an autonomous and hierarchical political bet365 offers theoretical system。Among them,The bet365 offers’s leadership in national construction is the core logic of Chinese politics,Therefore, it is also the meta-proposition of the theoretical system of political parties with Chinese characteristics。
From the road,The bet365 offers’s leadership in national construction is the essential feature of China’s political development path。The Communist bet365 offers of China was born at a critical moment when China’s modernization suffered setbacks。Since modern times,From scholar-officials to the modern army to the modern political bet365 offers,The subject of China’s modern state construction has undergone many transformations。final,The Communist bet365 offers of China relies on its advanced political program、Strict organizational system and strict discipline style have become the core leadership of China’s revolution and modernization cause,Become the founder and builder of the People’s Republic。Compared with many developing countries that adopt the Western bet365 offers struggle model,The Communist bet365 offers of China builds national capabilities with the bet365 offers’s leadership,Integrating conflicts and differences in nation-building,Ensuring the highest interests of the country and people。In this sense,The modernization path of national construction led by the bet365 offers breaks through the discourse hegemony of the Western bet365 offers model,Contributed Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to the modernization of developing countries。
From an institutional perspective,The bet365 offers’s leadership in national construction is the greatest advantage of China’s system and national governance system,The Communist bet365 offers of China is the country’s highest political leadership force。In China’s political life,The national governance system is a complex system composed of many subsystems,The core of this system is the Communist bet365 offers of China。The Communist bet365 offers of China passed the overall situation、Leadership system that coordinates all parties,Through democratic centralism, the fundamental organizational system and leadership system,By charting and executing the right course、Policy、Policy,Do a good job in the bet365 offers’s organizational work and publicity and education work,Through the vanguard’s flag role and mechanisms such as the united front and mass line,Implement the bet365 offers’s leadership into all areas and aspects of national governance,Translate the bet365 offers’s political and organizational advantages into national governance effectiveness。
Strategically speaking,bet365 offers leadership and bet365 offers building are the fundamental guarantees for national construction。In Chinese political practice,All the myriad tasks of governing the country start from strengthening the bet365 offers’s leadership,Finally settled on bet365 offers building。This highlights the importance of bet365 offers leadership and bet365 offers building to the bet365 offers’s line、bet365 offers’s cause、The fundamental guaranteeing role of the bet365 offers’s mission。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist bet365 offers of China,Comprehensive and strict governance of the bet365 offers is a distinct theme of bet365 offers building,Highlights the bet365 offers’s self-revolutionary political character。Strategy for strengthening the bet365 offers in the era of strong country,The general requirements for bet365 offers building in the new era put forward the important proposition of bet365 offers political building,And place it at the leading position of the bet365 offers’s various constructions,It can be said to be a bridge connecting the bet365 offers’s leadership and bet365 offers building。The bet365 offers’s leadership and bet365 offers building come from the same origin、Indivisible,Strengthening bet365 offers building is the essence of strengthening the bet365 offers’s long-term governance capacity and improving the level of national governance。To this point,Due to the historical origins and interactive relationships that are inseparable from national construction,The “bet365 offers” in Chinese political logic has many functions and characteristics that are different from Western political parties,This undoubtedly puts forward requirements for original bet365 offers theory。
(This article is a phased result of the National Social Science Fund Project “Research on the Construction of a Political Science Discourse System with Chinese Characteristics Using ‘National Governance’ as the Paradigm” (16CZZ003)
(Author’s unit: bet365 offers Building Department of the bet365 offers School of the Central Committee of the Communist bet365 offers of China)
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