China nj bet365 Network NewsOctober 21-23，By China Social Sciences Magazine、Chongqing Normal University、Sponsored by China Yin Shang Culture Society，School of History and Society, Chongqing Normal University、Three Gorges Institute of Culture and Social Development、The "Ancient Era and Bronze Civilization" academic seminar hosted by the Research Center for Ancient Chinese Civilization and National Origins was held at Chongqing Normal University。Deputy Secretary-General nj bet365 Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Fang Jun, editor-in-chief of China Social Sciences Magazine, attended the meeting and delivered a speech。Deputy Secretary nj bet365 Party Committee of Chongqing Normal University、President Professor Meng Dongfang，Member nj bet365 Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、President of China Yin Shang Culture Society、Professor Wang Zhenzhong from the University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences delivered a speech respectively。The opening ceremony was hosted by Professor Chang Yunping, Dean nj bet365 School of History and Society of Chongqing Normal University。From Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Peking University、Renmin University of China、Sichuan University、Hebei Normal University、South China Normal University、Tianjin Normal University、Chongqing Normal University、More than 30 experts and scholars from Anyang Normal University and other universities attended the meeting。

　　Deputy Secretary-General nj bet365 Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Fang Jun, Editor-in-Chief of China Social Sciences Magazine/Photo by Fan Sen/Correspondent of this website

　　At the opening ceremony，Editor-in-Chief Fang Jun said，Congratulatory letter from General Secretary Xi Jinping to the 100th anniversary nj bet365 discovery of Yangshao culture and the birth of modern Chinese archeology，We sincerely hope that archaeologists and historians will continue to carry forward the fine tradition，Strive to build Chinese characteristics、Chinese style、Chinese-style archeology，Write good articles、Make new achievements，To better display the elegance of Chinese civilization，Contribute to the promotion of China’s excellent traditional culture。Congratulatory letter from the General Secretary，For New Era History、The development of archeology points the way forward。Fang Jun introduced that China Social Sciences Magazine attaches great importance to history、Measures to promote and develop archaeological achievements，Experts who hope to attend the meeting、Scholars focus on the conference theme，Publish insights，Propose academic opinions that are original and penetrating，In-depth discussion，Colliding with sparks of wisdom。Fang Jun thinks，Thought is not equal to monologue，Academicism does not equal self-pleasure。In-depth discussion and exchange，Is of great significance to the prosperity and development of academics。"Chinese Social Sciences" edited and published by China Social Sciences Magazine、"Chinese Social Sciences Journal"、China Social Science Network and other publications，Willing to provide a forum for public publication。

　　There are 14 conference reports in this seminar，As Professor Wang Zhenzhong emphasized in his speech，This meeting is the sixth meeting in the series of seminars on "Ancient Chinese Civilization and the Origin of Nations"，It coincides with the 100th anniversary nj bet365 discovery of Yangshao culture and the birth of modern Chinese archeology，The conference maintained its consistent academic cutting-edge and distinctive themes。The theme nj bet365 conference mainly focuses on three aspects:

　　1.Issues such as the relationship between nj bet365 and other civilizations

　　Member nj bet365 Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、President of China Yin Shang Culture Society、Wang Zhenzhong, University Professor nj bet365 Chinese Academy of Social Sciences/Photo by Fan Sen, our correspondent

　　Professor Wang Zhenzhong’s conference report "Sanxingdui: Ancient Shu Civilization nj bet365 Xia and Shang Dynasties"，Divide the cultural relics unearthed from Sanxingdui into two groups of cultural factors: unique and visible nj bet365 Central Plains and other regions，further explore the Sanxingdui cultural clan，And the cultural exchanges between Sanxingdui, the Central Plains and other regions。Wang Zhenzhong thinks，Sanxingdui culture is the ancient Shu culture of Xia and Shang Dynasties，Not an extraterritorial civilization。He suggested that it be displayed in Sanxingdui Museum nj bet365 future，To strengthen or point out the relationship between Sanxingdui culture and the ancient Shu Kingdom during the Xia and Shang Dynasties。

　　nj bet365 Huo Wei, School of History and Culture, Sichuan University, Correspondent Fan Sen/Photographed by this website

　　Professor Huo Wei's report "Sanxingdui: Dialogue between the Ancient Bronze Civilizations nj bet365 East and West" reviewed the three major discoveries at the Sanxingdui site，Think that Sanxingdui civilization is not water without a source、A tree without roots，It is its own system、Inheritance in order。Sanxingdui civilization and Central Plains civilization are closely related，Is an important part of China’s Bronze Age civilization。Observing Sanxingdui from the perspective nj bet365 world’s ancient civilizations，You will find some archaeological artifacts beyond the specific level、Can ascend to the spiritual world、Similar cultural phenomena at the level of artistic concepts and expressions。This cultural similarity shows the many compatibility and commonalities between Chinese bronze culture and ancient civilizations around the world，A wonderful dialogue started between the ancient bronze civilizations nj bet365 East and the West。

　　nj bet365 Sun Hua, School of Archeology and Museology, Peking University, Correspondent Fan Sen/Photographed by this website

　　Professor Sun Hua gave a report on "Characteristics and Origin of Sanxingdui Sun Worship"，It is believed that the characteristic of Sanxingdui sun worship is the combination nj bet365 sun and the bird，Imagine the image nj bet365 sun god as a human head and a bird body，Relate this supreme god to the ancestor gods，And place the sun god in the east、In the cosmic background composed of two sacred trees and ten suns。This idea of ​​sun worship in ancient Shu culture、Images and combinations of gods，Should originate from the Yangtze River、Downstream area，With the great spread of rice agriculture in the future，Spread to the middle and upper reaches nj bet365 Yellow River and the upper reaches nj bet365 Yangtze River，And completed the systematization process in the ancient Shu culture in the Sichuan Basin on the upper reaches nj bet365 Yangtze River。

　　2.The origin of civilization and the causes and symbols nj bet365 formation of countries

　　nj bet365 Shen Changyun, School of History and Culture, Hebei Normal University/Photo by Fan Sen, our correspondent

　　Professor Shen Changyun's report "From the Origin nj bet365 Xia Dynasty to the Symbols of Early States" first affirmed the existence nj bet365 Xia Dynasty as an objective fact，The "Yin and Zhou Institutional Theory" was later quoted as saying that the Xia tribe was between Heji and Heji，It is the composite structure nj bet365 alliance of states under the leadership of a big state。Mr. Shen Changyun believes that Xia’s political organization meets the basic definition of “country”，The social organization before Xia did not include a coalition of states。

　　nj bet365 Yi Jianping, School of History and Culture, South China Normal University/Photo by Fan Sen, our correspondent

　　Professor Yi Jianping’s report "Civilization: Definition、Marks and Standards》from the perspective of etymology，Discuss the definitions of “civilization” and “country”，Think that “civilization” is “country”，Study the origin of civilization，That is, studying the origin nj bet365 country，The core is to study the changes in the fundamental nature of social public affairs management methods，That is, to explore the changes in a management method that is essentially different from primitive society or pre-state society。On this basis，Mr. Yi Jianping also proposed the origin of "civilization"，That is, the 12 principles for identifying the origin of “country” in prehistoric archaeological remains、Marks and Standards。

　　nj bet365 Li Yujie, School of History and Society, Chongqing Normal University/Photo by Fan Sen, our correspondent

　　Professor Li Yujie’s report "The Origin of Religion and Social Power in Prehistoric China"，Believe that prehistoric social power originated from the public service function of primitive religion。Sacrifice of primitive religion、Divination and Astronomy、Agriculture、Ethics and other knowledge、Public functions of technology，Adapted to the basic needs of survival in settlement society。In the public services exported by primitive religions，The power factor symbolized by the wizard's "authority" grows，And alienated into the opposite of its original public service function，Form the divine right、Clan Power、The power structure nj bet365 royal trinity。Prehistoric China entered an early political state without going through an obvious stage of wealth differentiation，The formation of a clan system characterized by blood lineage、A "precocious" political body with secular power at its core。

　　nj bet365 Peng Bangben, School of History and Culture, Sichuan University/Photo by Fan Sen, our correspondent

　　Professor Peng Bangben’s report “Hereditary Monarchy—Reunderstanding the Symbols of Early nj bet365” calls for focusing on exploring the symbols of nj bet365 formation from the institutional level，Establishing the formation of early countries with the formation of hereditary monarchy。Combined with the reality of early Chinese nj bet365，The two major symbols formed by Engels’ classic definition of “the state is the summary of civilized society” should be restated as: 1.Regional ties transcend (rather than replace) blood ties；2.The establishment of special public authorities。“Special public powers” ​​in Article 2，It should be the basic political superstructure of early countries-monarchy and its system，This is the most important and eye-catching symbol of ancient nj bet365，Has certain universality。

　　Researcher Xu Yihua’s written report "Civilization and National Concepts from the Perspective of Social Resources"，Proposing the origin of civilization and countries、The process of formation is essentially a process of complication of human society，This process and the crowd、Wealth、The operation nj bet365 four social resources of knowledge and violence is linked。Exchange between these four resources、Configuration relationship，Determines the maturity and operating characteristics of social development。When these four resources are unevenly distributed in exchange and flow，Leading to resource concentration，Differences in configuration and possession occur，That is, social complexity。Civilization refers to the stage after the uneven flow and concentration of human resources，Focus on expressing the richness of culture；The state refers to the stage after violence becomes a regular operating factor in society，Focus on expressing the complexity of society。Civilization includes countries，The state is the advanced stage of civilization。

　　nj bet365 Liu Junnan, School of History and Society, Chongqing Normal University/Photo by Fan Sen, our correspondent

　　Professor Liu Junnan in his report "On the Different Roles of Bronze Wares in the Origin of West Asian and Chinese Civilizations"，It is believed that copperware was not directly used for agricultural cultivation in early civilizations in West Asia，But the emergence of copper tools contributed to the overall increase in people's productivity，In particular, copper weapons played a great role in the arrival nj bet365 civilized era。Northern China Dry Farming Area，Bronze artifacts that have appeared since about 4100 years，Duitao Temple、The emergence of big cities such as Shimao in the middle period has an obvious promoting effect；In the rice-growing areas of southern China more than 5,000 years ago，The smelting of copperware only stays at the stage of decoration or possible containers，No metal tools found yet，Therefore，The origin of civilization in southern China has nothing to do with the emergence of metal。

　　3.A case study nj bet365 process of civilization

　　Professor nj bet365 School of Chinese Studies, Renmin University of China Wang Zijin/Photo by Fan Sen, our correspondent

　　Professor Wang Zijin's report "The ecological historical significance of "Tapir Zun" and the historical information on the development of civilization in the middle reaches nj bet365 Yellow River"，Cut from the “tapir” in the bronze remains，Believe that the image of "tapir" and its related information reveal that the history of ecological environment involves climate、Trends in vegetation and wildlife distribution。The survival and death of “tapir”，Directly related to the ecological environment conditions at that time。Distribution of wild animals，Many changes in historical periods。The disappearance of “tapir” in the Central Plains，Suggests important changes in ecological history。The impact of human activities，It is also an important factor leading to relevant historical and cultural changes。The discovery of bronzes such as "Tapir Zun" in the middle reaches nj bet365 Yellow River，It also provides cultural relics that bear witness to social and cultural progress in areas that are the center of civilization。

nj bet365 Du Yong, School of History and Culture, Tianjin Normal University/Photo by Fan Sen, our correspondent　　

　　Professor Du Yong’s report "Methodological Review nj bet365 Issues nj bet365 Kang Palace Period" was recently published by Zeng GongGet the bell inscription，Combined with the chapters of "Xinian" and "Chuju" on Tsinghua bamboo slips，Re-examine whether Kang Palace is the temple of King Kang、Whether it can become a dating ruler is an important issue in the study of bronze chronology，I believe that the inference made by Mr. Tang Lan about the records of "Jinggong" and "Kanggong" cannot effectively support the conclusion that Kanggong is the temple of King Kang；And Mr. Guo Moruo’s explanation nj bet365 nature nj bet365 Kang Palace based on Wei Lingqi and others，Can be corroborated with the recent inscription on Zeng Gong’s bell。Mr. Du Yong reviewed the dating method of bronze ware，Think in ancient writing、Comprehensive considerations should be taken when using methods such as documentary materials and bronze typology、Abide by the rules of each discipline，Try to avoid reaching the limit and going to the opposite side。

　　Gao Jiangtao, researcher at the Institute of Archeology, Chinese Academy of nj bet365/Photographed by Fan Sen, our correspondent

　　Researcher Gao Jiangtao’s report ""He Ling Yang Yang" - Bronze Wares Unearthed from Taosi Site and Related Issues" introduces the latest unearthed situation of bronze wares from Taosi Site，Believe that there is an essential inheritance relationship between Taosi and Erlitou bronzes。Taosi bronzes are obviously not weapons or tools，Not owned by ordinary people，Their function should be ceremonial or religious items that reflect status and nj bet365 status，This also proves from the perspective of bronze ware that Taosi culture and society have initially formed a ritual system or a ritual system。

　　nj bet365 Guo Xudong, School of History and Culture, Anyang Normal University/Photo by Fan Sen, our correspondent

　　Professor Guo Xudong’s report "The Attributes nj bet365 Fang God in Oracle Bone Inscriptions and the Relationship between the Four Directions and the Four Earths" believes that the Fang God in the oracle bone inscriptions is a subject nj bet365 imperial court，Belongs to the sky god series rather than the earth god，His position is in the wind、Above the Rain God，Closely related to agricultural production。East、South、西、The "four soils" in the north are real geographical and political regions in the minds nj bet365 Yin people，is the territory governed by the Shang Dynasty。ER东、South、西、North "Sifang" has two attributes，It is a specific regional concept (similar to the "four soils")，Also means the universe，Hometown nj bet365 Spirits。The category of "Sifang" includes "Four Soils"，It is the unity of region and space universe structure。

　　nj bet365 Yuan Yanling, School of History and Society, Chongqing Normal University/Photo by Fan Sen/Correspondent of this website

　　Professor Yuan Yanling’s report on “S” shaped patterns on bronzes and related issues，It is believed that a large number of S-pattern bronzes from the late Spring and Autumn Period were unearthed from the Yugang Cemetery in Xiangyang，In terms of production technology and alloy composition，Both are similar to the S-pattern bronzes nj bet365 Wuyue area nj bet365 late Spring and Autumn Period。Also，nj bet365 Jianghuai area between Wu and Chu，On the route Wu Division entered Ying，A large number of S-pattern bronzes from the late Spring and Autumn Period were also found，Combined with the large number of Liankou Wan chassis unearthed from tombs nj bet365 late Spring and Autumn Period in Yugang, Xiangyang and surrounding areas, which are similar to those nj bet365 Wuyue area、Engraved bronze and other utensils，It can be speculated that the Wu division entered the capital of Ying or near the Yugang Cemetery in Xiangyang，And inferred based on scale，Most likely Yicheng Chuhuang City。

　　Seminar Site Correspondent Fan Sen/Photographed by nj bet365 website

　　In seminar，Experts and scholars participating in the meeting discussed the definitions of “civilization” and “country”、A symbol nj bet365 origin of ancient Chinese civilization、The historical path of China’s early state development and the changes in the management methods of pre-state society and early states were discussed。Experts and scholars attending the meeting extensively discussed some controversial views in academic reports，Actively ask questions，In-depth communication，Learn from everyone’s strengths，Work together to study the history of ancient times and bronze civilization。Especially the definitions of “civilization” and “country” that are of particular concern to current academic circles、A symbol nj bet365 origin of ancient Chinese civilization、A heated discussion was held on the evolution of China’s early national history and issues related to the Sanxingdui site in Sichuan。Some students participating in the conference also put forward their own unique thoughts on the views in the papers of experts and scholars，And collided with experts and scholars in the question and answer to spark ideas，The atmosphere at the venue reached a climax。

　　The closing ceremony nj bet365 seminar was hosted by Wang Liping, Secretary nj bet365 Party Committee nj bet365 School of History and Society of Chongqing Normal University。Outstanding Professor of Tianjin Normal University、Du Yong, Vice President nj bet365 Chinese Pre-Qin History Society, makes an academic summary，Researcher Li Hongyan, deputy editor-in-chief of China Social Sciences Magazine, delivered a closing speech，Professor Tian Ying, Vice President of Chongqing Normal University, delivers a speech of thanks。

　　Researcher Li Hongyan, deputy editor-in-chief of China nj bet365 Magazine, delivers the closing speech. Photo by Fan Sen, our correspondent

　　Deputy Editor-in-Chief Li Hongyan thinks，From the perspective of historical research，Ancient civilization is the origin，Also a particle。Everything that follows is generated from particles。Socialism with Chinese characteristics is also born and nurtured from the Chinese civilization of more than 5,000 years，So it is historical necessity。The study of ancient civilizations is not only a major event in Chinese academic research，And it’s a worldwide one、International Issues，Need to comprehensively apply history、Archaeology、Anthropology、Interpretation and research using multidisciplinary theories and methods such as sociology and hermeneutics。Especially in history、Archaeology is in a good development situation，Strengthen theoretical discussion，Focus on the combination of history and theory，Will further enhance the research level and theoretical height in this field。On the occasion nj bet365 centenary nj bet365 birth of modern archeology in China，We should deeply study the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s congratulatory letter to the discovery of Yangshao culture and the 100th anniversary nj bet365 birth of modern archeology in China，Creating a new situation in discipline construction，This is also the significance and value of this academic seminar。

　　Photographed by the participants nj bet365 academic symposium "Ancient Times and Bronze Civilization"/Photo by Fan Sen, our correspondent