The academic community has a lot of discussions on the "Sino -Western French Culture Research"，But there are several keywords in this theme.，If there is no clear definition，Answer either "Thousands of people"，Either "There is a thousand Hamlet in the eyes of a thousand people"。Therefore，Related research must be clarified at least three prerequisites。

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Chinese and Western is the abbreviation of China and the West，China and the West are not just a geographical concept，It is a cultural concept，The connotation changes in different times。

First，The overall West and its internal sections。West in the geographical sense，The existence of various sections inside it is not homogeneous。For example，From the perspective of law，There is a law culture of the mainland law and the British and American law systems。Inside the French Department of the Mainland，There is a German and French -based French culture; internally in the British and American French system，There are British and American -style French culture。They serve as different sectors，Organic ground type The overall Western law culture，Extract the public factors of these different sections of law culture，Comparison of Chinese and Western French culture is possible。

Second，Chinese and Western on the timeline。From time perspective，China is divided into ancient China、Modern China and modern China; correspondingly，West can also be divided into ancient West、Modern West and Modern West。From the perspective of ideology, there is no problem with Chinese and Western culture，But if from the perspective of the system，Ancient Bet365 app download China and the West of the West did not have the rule of law，The so -called Chinese and Western French culture comparison，In this sense, it can only be a comparison between the two in modern times。

third，Chinese and Western。If the cultural culture is defined as the idea of ​​the rule of law、The concept of the rule of law，So，Comparison of Chinese and Western French Culture Research is the problem faced by，Whether it is the horizontal comparison of the timeline、Stagging comparison or overall comparison? obviously，Horizontal comparison、The overall comparison seems more reasonable。Because of the staggered comparison, it is like a field of horse racing，The result of the competition (compared) is not positively related to the final strength，Even in order to achieve a comparison preset target，Selectively determine the material。For horizontal comparison，To clearly compare the meaning or purpose，For example，Confucius、Mencius、Xunzi's idea of ​​rule of law and Socrates of almost the same era、Aristotle、Plato's idea of ​​the rule of law for comparison，or Huang Zongxi、Gu Yanwu、Wang Fu's Thought of the rule of law and Hobes、Locke、Supinosa's idea of ​​the rule of law compares，Due to the era background of the times facing both parties、The problems that need to be solved are all substantial，The meaning or purpose of comparison is doubt。

　　What is "French Culture"

First，The term "culture" refers to the difference between different angles，From the perspective of anthropology and sociology，It means lifestyle、Tradition，or a complex of spiritual civilization and institutional civilization。Based on this，Can be divided into two categories，that is, a broad culture and a narrow culture。The broad culture includes everything bet365 live casino games related to humans，Everyone marks on human beings、Culture with traces of human beings，between people (including people、People and the country、People between people) do not need to be repeated，and what happened between people and nature，Whether it is natural humanization or humanization of nature，All belong to the category of culture。Narrow culture generally points to spiritual and institutional fields。

Next，The current research on French culture is often inseparable from the pursuit of the rule of law，or the rule of law as a control。The general "rule of law"，Compared to human governance，Including the authority of the law、Regulatory public rights、Guarantee human rights，Emphasize "the rule of good law"。The rule of law on this level can be established as an ideal type，But in reality，No country has achieved it completely。Country known as "rule of law"，All use this type as a struggle target，System design。In view of power abuse、The nature of expansion and erosion，and the selfishness of the human nature of those who exercise the power，The above target can only be infinitely close to the other side of the other side of the other side。Therefore，When talking about the rule of law，It should be distinguished from two pairs of categories。The first pair is，As the rule of law in the sense of the sense and the rule of law as a real sense。The former is the realization goal sent by humans with hope，The latter is the actual operation behavior under this goal。The second pair is，The rule of law in the institutional sense and the rule of law in the sense of ideology。The former started in the modern bourgeois revolution，Revolutionary victory Establish a bourgeois country，Confirm it with law、Maintenance、Guarantee。The latter traces back to the ancient Greek period，Tatling in my country Bet365 lotto review can be traced back to the pre -Qin period。

Last，Literally speaking，Dharma culture is the manifestation of culture in the legal field，or the cultural level of legal。This concept is the result of combining the combination of legal and cultural。Obviously，A combination of culture and law as a broad sense，How much is it impossible for the law culture between China and the West。Therefore，It can only be compared when the cultural combination of the middle view or the micro level is meaningful。In other words，The so -called law culture，Either a system of rule of law at the institutional level，This culture began after the victory of the bourgeois revolution; either it is the ideological level of French culture，This legal culture is sometimes called legal culture，That is the idea of ​​the rule of law、Concept、Theory。

　　What is "comparison"

First，Why is it possible? China before the Opium War，Although there is a certain contact with the West (such as Buddhism introduced to China、Zheng He goes to the West、Missionary enters China, etc.)，But psychologically, he has always been self -dwelling with "the country to the country"，Rarely comparison at the level of Chinese and Western cultural levels，Either absorbing assimilation to Western culture (such as Buddhism)，Either exclude blocking (such as the sea ban in the Ming and Qing Dynasties)。After the Opium War，Chinese people are gradually aware of the prosperity of Western countries and analyzed the reasons behind。In this process，Comparison of Chinese and Western culture began。Liang Qichao summarized this in the "Introduction to the Fifty Years of China's Evolution"，Overclocking is not as good as that of a foreign affairs movement，Overclocking is not as good as that of a foreign affairs movement，Culture is not as good as a new cultural movement。The summary of Liang's bet365 live casino games reflects the mentality of modern Chinese people for Western culture，time to today，Compared to West，China's comparative method should have its own special observation，The legitimacy of "Comparison" needs to be re -found in the era of rapid change。For example，The purpose of comparison in countries with a mature development of the rule of law is more focused on how to improve the disadvantages and deficiencies of the rule of law，The focus is different from us。

Second，Comparison objects。From a historical perspective，Today's law culture is a product of diversified integration，Its source is the ancient rule of law culture in ancient my country、The Culture of the rule of law during the Revolutionary Base Time、Soviet rule of law culture、Western rule of law culture。So，Comparison of Chinese and Western culture，Do you want to eliminate the content of absorption? For the nature of the object，Many people often think，Many of the contents of Western law culture exist in ancient Chinese literature，It can be achieved through "creative transformation" to achieve Confucianism and rule of law。Some scholars call this phenomenon as "attached to the West"，The purpose is either conservative，To oppose Western culture，Either an maintenance，So as to create conditions for Western studies in China。When studying the law of the rule of law in the cultural sense，First，Should be alert to the conservative comparison of opposition to the rule of law。Second，It is necessary to clarify that "the old inner saint can’t open a new king"。again，We must blindly transplant the western rule of law culture in ignoring China's specific national conditions，Keep a sober consciousness。

Behind the development of Western law，It is the existence of several countries in French culture，These countries have commonality，Also with colorful personality，Bet365 app download They are part of the building that builds a part of human law culture。When a country is used as a comparison object，If the country belongs to the West in the geographical location，and weak national strength，So，Even if its rule of law is very high，It is also difficult to be regarded as typical of the West。If a country is a big country in the rule of law, it is a small country in comprehensive national strength，So comparison with China as a comprehensive national power，This comparative credibility will also discount。If a country is a country of rule of law at the same time comprehensive national strength is comparable to my country，There will also be religious beliefs、Population、Race composition and other factors are very different from my country，So，Determine this comparative credibility should be more cautious。

third，Comparison results。Comparison of Chinese and Western France Culture is nothing more than two: First, China ’s excellent rule of law culture in rule of law in China、Learn、Transplant。It can be said，The concept of opening after the Opium War is accepted、System and cultural change，It is the continuation of this process。The second is to find it through comparison，The customs of customs rooted in the rule of law、System status、The population factors are very different，Determine different modes of the development of the rule of law。This means，As long as those core requirements that meet the governance of good law or the "largest equivalent number" that reaches the rule of law，So，The "existence is reasonable"。So，Through comparison，Diversified coexistence of the spirit of rule of law with the mode of rule of law。The positive significance caused by the latter result is，On the one hand, let Chinese people realize the reality of culture, especially the diversification of law culture，The usual Bet365 lotto review heart of treating different law culture、Equality Heart，Reflection of "Beauty and Beauty，Beauty of Beauty，Meimei and Communist，Datong of the World "(Fei Xiaotong language)。On the other hand，It is conducive to the legislative (governance) cultural self -confidence of the Chinese tree，From this rising into cultural self -confidence，and then enhance road self -confidence、Theoretical self -confidence and institutional self -confidence。

　　(Author Unit: School of Labor School of Labor Relations)