Dazaizhi and Japan "Private Novels"
June 17, 2022 07:19 Source: "China Social Sciences", June 17, 2022, Issue 2429 Author: Xia Jingjing

Dazaiji is a talented and personalized Japanese modern writer,In the history of Japanese literature in the 20th century, it is named in Kawabawa Kawami、Sandao Yoshifa and others,Representative works include "The Sun", "The Lost in the World", "The Wife of Victoria", "The Flower of the Ugly Horn", "The Twenty Century Flag Man"。His masterpiece "Landsday" set a best -selling record for post -war Japanese literary works,At the same time, a large number of literary fans and the words "Xiangyang clan" are urged。"Lost in the World" is even a phenomenal best -selling book,"Mourning" to the extreme is sought after by countless young people。Dazaiji is also a representative writer of "Rogue" literature in Japan after World War II,Its works are in line with the common psychological trend of the Japanese national after the war,Until today, it can still cause great response。

Dazaizhi is also the most representative writer of "private novels"。"Private Novel" is a special form of a modern novel that produced in Japan。As the name suggests,The most important style of "Private Novel" is the first person's protagonist,Sometimes although it is a third person,But is the first -person first -person narrative。It emphasizes the truthful description of its own life and experience,Pay attention to revealing the mind,Truely copy the writer "self" in reality -including the writer's spiritual experience。Visible,"Private Novels" is a natural search for Japanese writers、A subjective choice,Forms of novels that are finally implemented。

At the end of the 19th century,Japanese literary world is affected by France and other human -centered naturalist literature,Bet365 app download A group of negative fictional imagination emerged、Promote the realistic naturalist literary works。Where,The short story "Quilt" of Tian Shanhua bag is regarded as the origin of Japanese "private novels"。This kind of "true" of the author's own individual self is thorough、Famous novel forms that are not afraid of publicity,Break the common sense of traditional Japanese literature and attach importance to beauty and moral lessons,Get a huge social response and high evaluation。From this,Abandon the style of virtual decoration,The "private novel" that truly expresses the self -mood of the writer is popular in the literary world,and develop into literature with unique Japanese characteristics。

Literary Critics Nakamura Kuangfu said,Almost all modern Japanese writers have written "private novels"。Since the creation of "Cotton Pleum",Many excellent "private novels" writer emerged in Japanese literary circles、Works,Ruzhiga Naoma's "Dark Night Road" and "Reconciliation"、Miura Toshiro's "Renichuan"、"Notes on Lake"、Jiacunji's "Karma" and "On the way" and other best works。Among them, it is the leader of Dazai.,The perception and creativity of its literature can be described as unprecedented。Each of his works,Almost all are writing、Special performance of the absolutely true inner self or human nature,The expression skills or methods of each work、Character structure or sensation,Don't be ingenious, there is no similarity。The characters of the work have some commonality in their spiritual temperament,But what he is pursuing is obviously not the same reality and performance。

"Private Novels" has two categories: harmonious and destruction。"Bridge" writer faces the central contradiction of the performance of the work,You can always Bet365 lotto review find the exit of the solution。"Dushing" writers are in the "self" in the dilemma of real life or mental pain and crisis。In the "Private Novel" writer of Japan,Dazaizhi is classified as a "crushing private novel" writer。The "siege consciousness" of such writers seems to be born,Given the unique to the writer、Inner "Self" Spiritual Gene,And abnormally pure and absolute in a special environment or life situation。Dazaizhi is the kind of natural、Original initial、Reverse、"Private Novel" writer who reflects the characteristics of specific conceptual characteristics and essential spiritual characteristics。

The literary style of "Private Novel" is not like some people understand,It's just a negative surfaceization repeat the real life you experienced,It also needs fiction、Innovation close to society and form。"Private Novel" is not so much a literary style,It is better to say that it is a style related to a certain spiritual temperament。Writers can get close or reject a specific literary style、Type or Method,But it cannot reject the spiritual temperament based on national cultural traditions。Famous Literary Critics Satari Takurai once mentioned "Private Novels" in "The Origin of Modern Literature in Japan"。He said: "The important thing is not the sensitivity of Akutagawa Ryosuke to the movement of Japanese literature after the First World War,It is not consciously creating such ‘private novel’,It is important to combine the movement of Western Europe with the Japanese 'private novel -style work ",Make this kind of ‘private novel -style work’ as a form of the front end of the world ’s premise。”

"Private Novel" form is very different,But there are similar similarities in style。Because of this,Although it takes more than a hundred years,The definition of "Private Novels" is still in the state of chaos that is Bet365 lotto review sincerely。Maybe a more vague statement is close to the essence of this specific literature。Pedestrian Pedestrian thinks,"'Private Novels' writer is actually unable to understand (Akutagawa) This perspective,(Beautiful Writer) Tanasaki Runichiro did not realize this。In the concept of those 'private novels' writers,They think they are naturally describing ‘self’,Consistent with Western European writers。Actually,Akutagawa is not seen ‘self -confession’ and ‘fiction’,but the ‘device form” problem that ‘private novel’ has ”。

The words of the pedestrian pedestrian proved the basic positioning of the "private novel",That is not to demonstrate what "private novel" is,It only proves the significance of "private novels" in modern Japanese literature and even Japanese culture。Akutagawa Ryuna, which is basically involved in "Private Novels",I saw the so -called "device form"。So,Dazai Zhi is in this "device form",or I really use this "device form"。Lu Xun once commented: "He lives in his own world,humble and free,What do he want to break,But there is no direction。His pain is that he looked at the dark world with your heart。”

Dazaizhi, "Land" created in 1947,Known as the Japanese version of "Cherry Garden" (Chekhov)。Dazai Zhi is the first -person perspective and tone of the protagonist and son,Expressing the dilemma of descendants of the post -war aristocracy,Social status is increasingly declining,Ronghua is no longer,Singing a wailing song。After the defeat of Japan in World War II,The entire country is under the control of the US occupation forces,In the process of democratic reform,The Chinese system as the cornerstone of the modern emperor was abolished,Therefore, the aristocratic class of the nurses of nursing bet365 best casino games respect is unprecedentedly impacted。

Many plots and characters of this novel,closely related to the private life of Dazaizhi。For example,The prototype of Hezi is exactly the lover of Dazaiji Ota。There are many common points in Kazuko and Jingzi: Born、Children's early dyeing、Research once married, etc.。Diary in the novel、Letter, etc.,Also consistent with Jingzi's handwriting。In the background of a specific era of the war,Dazaiji describes the protagonist who has been wrapped in the trend of the times。Although the mothers and mother are nobles,Life is not like nobles。Fictionist's original economy rich,Actually from a rural farmhouse。Japanese society after the war is in a big conversion or subversion,Not smooth。Hezi Poor Poor,But I strongly want to maintain the dignity of the nobles。Uenhara clothing and food is worry -free,But lost the enthusiasm of artistic creation。Hezi、Mother、Brother Zhizhi and writer Uehara,Four characters reflect different forms of "destruction"。It is in this chaotic or subversive crushing,Dazaiji accurately portrayed the spiritual essence of specific characters in a specific era。

Dazaizhi "Lost on the World",Is a more "pure" "private novel" work,In the form of nearly self -portrait of life, Dazai's "self" mood and decadent life。Lost in the world,Lost qualifications。This work is from preface、Three handwriting、Postscript three parts,Dazaizhi's first -person narrative method like the leading court of Yezang,Describe Ye Zang Congzhong、How can young people continue to sink in order to avoid reality,step by step towards self -destruction、Lost tragedy of qualifications。

The first person in Dazaizhi, Japan、Critics Oho Kennan called "Lost in the World" as the master of Dazai Literature or "Dazai's inner spiritual autobiography"bet365 live casino games ,At the same time, I think,"This work is different from the traditional 'private novel',Not sticking to the so -called experience facts but based on the method of 'fiction',Expressing a deeper original experience "。Dazai Zhi cleverly projected himself on Ye Zang,Hidden my "shameful life" in Yezang's life encounter,The process of self -denial of Ye Zang,Express the depression deep in my heart,and the love of love and being loved。Dazaizhi, with the stagnant text of the big court Yezang hand, shows the loneliness of his personal and the times,Although his personality is arrogant, he is weak,In the case where it is unable to match the crowd,Only disguise、The form of performance won the favor of others,Really painful problems that are born and born for people。

"Lienn Sun" and "Lost in the World" naturally fits the primitive self -mind and the Japanese society's cultural psychology after the defeat。Psychology of the characters in the work、situation and even ending,All have amazing internal consistency with the author Dazaiji。Although it can’t be said that the experience is completely consistent,But the inner spirit and psychological are absolutely in line。In reality,Dazaiji faces the post -war Japanese society,Once announced to the world: "I am a rogueist,Resistance restraint ",Resist the unified values ​​with inaction and degeneration,This shows the spirit of uncompromising。There are too many hypocritical coats woven from old customs and decaying concepts in this world,The so -called "degeneration" is actually fading all the hypocrisy,Return to the state of the real person。Dazai's "Private Novel" works are outstanding in this。His seems cowardly,But dare to dissect yourself ruthlessly,Anatial the world ruthlessly,The protagonist in the work is laughing bet365 Play online games and scolding, scolding, and uninhibited,Show human sincerity from the heart、Goodness and love。

For a writer like Ttato,Sandao Yoshi's life is very disgusted,He once said, "Maybe it is because he is a writer who deliberately exposed the part I want to hide。"The evaluation of Oho Kenan can be called classic and predictive:" Whether you like it or hate Taizaizhi,Definitely deny him,Dazai's works always have an incredible magic,For a long time in the future,The vivid depicts in Dazai's pen will be close to the soul of the reader,Makes people unable to escape。”

Editor in charge: Changchang
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