Industrial Investment as an important means to develop industry，Play an important role in advancing the process of industrialization and stimulating economic growth。Current，The world is in a big change in a century，High -quality development has become the primary task of my country's comprehensive construction of socialist modern countries。To achieve high -quality economic development，Industrial investment is given an optimized supply structure、An important mission of maintaining stable economic growth。

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Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，my country's industrial investment presents the following main features。First，The growth rate of industrial investment fluctuates up and down。great atrophy of external needs、Slowing domestic heavy industrialization process and other factors，Since 2012, my country's industrial investment growth rate has gradually slowed。The growth rate of industrial investment in 2016 fell to 3.6%，decreased by 13.1 percentage point compared to 2012。Industrial investment accounted for the proportion of fixed asset investment in the whole society from 41.2%in 2012 to 36.3%in 2017。After that，Under the role of a series of regulatory policies，The growth rate of industrial investment is obviously rebounded。But the growth rate of industrial investment in 2019 fell again，industrial investment growth in 2020 is only 0.1%，Among them, manufacturing investment decreased by 2.2%year -on -year。It is worth noting that，January to July 2022，my country's industrial investment still maintains double -digit growth，Industrial Investment、Manufacturing investment increased by 10.5%year -on -year、9.9%。Second，Industrial investment structure is becoming more optimized。With high -tech industry investment accelerated，my country's industrial structure towards high -end、Modernization direction moves。2013-2018，bet365 best casino games The average annual increase of investment in high -tech industries increased by 16.9%，Among them, high -tech manufacturing investment increased by 15%annually，The growth rate is 5.4 percentage points higher than all manufacturing investment。my country also further increases investment in industrial technological reform。2013-2018，The average annual increase of investment in the technical reform of the national manufacturing industry increased by 16.8%，Manufacturing investment presents a structure accelerated optimization、A good situation of accelerating the conversion of kinetic energy，Effectively promote the continuous upgrade of the level of manufacturing equipment。third，The industrial investment environment is continuously improved。July 2016 "Central Committee of the Communist Party of China、Opinions of the State Council on Deepening the Reform of the Investment and Financing System "officially released，It marks the full development of the reform of a new round of investment and financing system。October 2019，The State Council issued the "Optimized Business Environment Regulations"，The goal of optimizing the business environment for the first time、range、The principle is clearly defined，Focusing on the "access to camp" reflected in the enterprise、Market exit obstacles、"Financing difficulty、Financing expensive "、Approval procedures for more time、Excessive law enforcement inspection and other pain points such as frequent frequency，clearly stipulated from the level of institutional mechanism，It provides an important system guarantee for optimizing the business environment。These substantial reform measures bring great convenience to enterprises and social investors actively participating in industrial investment。

But，The problem of overcapacity in my country's industrial field is still severe。Affected by the epidemic，my country's industrial capacity utilization rate has greatly fluctuated，The situation of overcapacity in some industries is still more severe。For example，The capacity utilization bet365 live casino games rate of the cement industry is less than 70%; new energy vehicles、New display、Industrial robots and other strategic emerging industries due to lack of core technology，Blind low -end expansion，There is also a phenomenon of overcapacity of different degrees of production capacity。

　Industrial development faces multiple challenges

First，The industrial economy is facing large downward pressure。From the perspective of needs，The problem of insufficient demand faced by industrial enterprises is more prominent。Chinese manufacturing PMI display，Since May 2021, the new export order index has been under the glory line，It shows that demand shrinkage enhances the restrictions on the production of industrial enterprises。From the perspective of supply，Overseas epidemic is repeatedly used for raw materials、Processing Land、The key links such as the shipping industry have caused different degrees of impact。There are still more obstruction in the international transportation network，The level of freight rate is soaring than before the epidemic。Many developed countries have begun to shrink the supply chain inward，"Core", "Cabinet", "Lack of Gong" still exist，Continuous impact on the production and export of industrial enterprises。

Second，Industrial transformation and upgrading will be far away。In -depth promotion of industrial structure adjustment and transformation and upgrading is still an urgent task of the new stage of development。On the one hand，The proportion of emerging industries and high -tech industries is not high，Insufficient supply of high -end supply and excess supply of low -end supply。On the other hand，Resource and environment constraints are more prominent，Pressure of green low -carbon transformation in traditional industries。With the gradual advancement of carbon peak carbon neutrality，Industry faces higher energy saving and consumption reduction and emission reduction requirements。2021 Energy consumption dual control caused by multiple land restrictions on production and restrictions，and unit GDP energy consumption bet365 Play online games decreased speed and failed to complete the expected target，It means high energy consumption、The high pollution industry faces more urgent greenization、Low carbonization transformation task。

third，There are shortcomings in key core technologies。In particular, the supply chain of some key core technologies and products is facing increasing supply risks，Great challenges to industrial development。First, the basic research funding accounts for low，major original results are relatively small。2021，my country's basic research funds account for only 6.1%of R & D expenses，and the proportion of basic research funds for corporate basic research is less than 5%，There is a clear gap with developed countries。Second, the key core technology has weaker control。Low the key core technology，Many important industries have a high degree of foreign dependence，High -end chip、Core industrial software、Core algorithm and other key core technologies still rely on foreign imports to a certain extent。

fourth，Insufficient toughness of the supply chain of the industrial chain。The game of comprehensive upgraded China -US country has become the most important risk facing my country's industrial chain supply chain。The United States has continuously strengthened the supply chain security control，In recent years, it has also made extensive and rigorous restrictions on overseas mineral development and asset mergers and acquisitions of Chinese enterprises。These "de -China" arrangements further squeezed the strategic minerals of my country through interest sharing、International cooperation space for mastering core technology and key components，magnified the high -end chip、Overseas supply risks in industrial software，At the same time, the "going out" of Chinese companies constitutes a major obstacle。

　Investment orientation of adhere to the structure and promote transformation

During the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period, my country's industrial development must firmly grasp the strategic base point of expanding domestic demand，Give full play to the key role of industrial investment in optimizing bet365 Play online games the supply structure，Persist in adjusting the structure、Investment -oriented to promote transformation，Actively expand the investment in advanced manufacturing and strategic emerging industries，Increase the efforts of corporate innovation R & D investment and key core technology，Increase the intensity of technical transformation input，Promote the transformation and upgrade of traditional industries，Continuously improve the stability and modernization level of the industrial chain supply chain。

First，Increase investment in technical reform，Promote the transformation and upgrade of traditional industries。Transformation and improvement of traditional industries，It is related to the global development of the high -quality development of the manufacturing industry。Increase investment in technical reform，Not only must we strengthen the investment intensity of technical reform，Not only must we strengthen the investment intensity of technical reform，Guide funds to new technology、New process、New equipment、Gathering of new materials and other fields。Update transformation through equipment，Focus on improving the enterprise in the core basic parts (components)、Key basic materials、Advanced basic technology、Technical capabilities and levels of industrial technical foundation，Implementation process、Product and model innovation。Accelerate the Internet、Big Data、In -depth integration of artificial intelligence and real economy，Promote traditional industries to intelligentization、High -end、Green Action。

Second，Improve the new national system，Break through a batch of key core technologies。Give full play to the traction role of the market and the main role of enterprise in technological innovation，Make an enterprise an innovative element integration、Shengli Army of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements。By focusing on a batch of key core technology shortcomings of "card neck"，Increased research and development innovation investment with greater efforts，Accelerate research and implementation of alternative measures，Efforts to achieve breakthroughs bet365 live casino games in autonomous control。In the short term，Building key core technology research new types of national system can be supplemented by shortcomings、Strong and weak items，Provide protection for the stable operation of the industrial chain supply chain; in the middle and long term,，Building a key core technology research new type of national system can be scientifically coordinated、Cooperative Settlement，Improve national strategic technology forces，See the high point of the global science and technology competition system。

third，Increase the investment intensity of advanced manufacturing and strategic emerging industries，Cultivate new kinetic energy。Actively develop a new generation of information technology、High -end equipment、Biotechnology、New materials、New Energy、Energy -saving and environmental protection、Aerospace、Strategic emerging industries such as marine equipment and new energy vehicles，Promoting advanced technology、Application and industrialization of cutting -edge technology。Accelerate the cultivation of intelligent manufacturing，Robot and its key components、High -speed high -precision processing equipment and intelligent complete sets of equipment，Focus on improving the system integration of the enterprise、Intelligent equipment development and key component research and development production capacity。For expanding domestic demand and consumption upgrade trend，Focus on the development of the next generation of mobile communication terminals、Ultra HD video terminal、Wearable device、Smart Home、Consumer -grade drones and other new technology products and services。

fourth，Promoting investment in the entire industry chain，Improve the stability and competitiveness of the supply chain of the industrial chain。Give full play to my country's oversized market advantages，Encourage and guide enterprises to increase research and development、Design and marketing investment，Make its business scope from processing and manufacturing，R & D to both ends of bet365 Play online games "Smile Curve"、Design、Brand、Marketing and other high value -added links，and even the extension of the entire industry chain，Promote the advanced industrial foundation and the modernization of the industrial chain。At the same time，Actively attract and connect global innovation resources，Through international capacity cooperation、Greenland Investment、Months of multinational mergers and acquisitions optimize the global layout，Accelerate the level of cross -border cooperation and innovation level and collaborative manufacturing capabilities。

(Author Unit: Institute of Industrial and Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)