European and American economists trace economic thoughts generally began in ancient Greece。Xiong Peter in "The History of Economic Analysis" from Plato from ancient Greece、Snofen and Aristotle began to be discussed; another American scholar A. E. Monroe's literature included in the Early Economic Thought is also from Aristotle and Sonovos。Also research is basically the excavation of their discussions on a specific economic issue，The definition of economic issues also basically continues the tradition of classical economics with "wealth" as the core research object。but，Economics or political economics is not just about the knowledge of wealth，Also about people's learning。More importantly，"Political Economics" is a science of urban state or national governance。Based on this，It is necessary to be a science from political economics as a national governance、Technology、Scientific angle，Re -excavate and explain the economic or political economics thoughts of the ancient Greek period。

Se Nuofen is the earliest ancient Greek thinker of Bilindode，Student from Socrates。Most of the economic ideological research on Seanofen is mostly concentrated in its "Economic Theory"，and usually think that the "economy" and "economics" or economic thoughts in Western discourse come from this。The core issue of the discussion of "Economic Theory" is "Housekeeping Management"，That is the "property management" of the family。He regards "property management" as medicine with medicine、Scholars like gold workers and carpenter、Technology，bet365 best casino games and agriculture、Politics and War -like business，People can earn wealth through this skill。Therefore，"Economic Theory" is the knowledge of family economic activities，Research on family economic activities in modern microeconomics。Se Nuofen discussed the problem of governance of Athens as a city -state in "Athens' Revenue"，That is, "How to arrange public affairs，Make all the people of Athens can use our public resources to maintain plenty of livelihood "，The most important thing is how to "maintain abundant livelihood" through the public governance of Athens。This is basically the same as the definition of "Political Economics" proposed by Adam Smith in "The Research on the Nature and Causes of National Wealth"，It's just that when the color Nova is analyzed, the scope is limited to Athens。

Aristotle's political economy thought is included in its ethics and political science，Including two parts of housekeeping management ideas in the sense of color Nuofen and the governance of the city -state (country)。His basic logic is: first determine the goal of city -state governance，"Good"; then discuss the property management of the family，Because the family is an important part of the city -state; based on this，Discuss the property ownership of the city -state。Aristotle's "Political Science" is mainly based on "city -state"，But "City State" is due to comprehensive land、People and political life have the essence and characteristics of "country"，can also be regarded as research on national governance。

First，For the purpose of "good"。In "Niger Marco Ethics" and "Political Science"，Aristotle is discussing from "good"。At the beginning of "Niger Marco Ethics"，Aristotle bet365 best casino games proposed，Each skill and research is for some good purpose，Political Science is the most authoritative science targeting the "highest good"; at the beginning of "Political Science"，Aristotle thinks，Any social group established by humans is for the purpose of obtaining "good fruits" and "good karma"，The good karma that the city -state as a "high and Guanghan social group" is "the highest and widest"。So，What is "good"? Aristotle used "happiness as the highest good" in "Niger Marco Ethics"; in "Political Science", he pointed out，The "self -sufficient and good life" of the whole city state is "the real happiness and happiness of humans"，"The goodness of political science is 'justice'，Justice is based on public interest ";" so -called 'fairness'，Its true meaning，mainly in ‘equality’，If you want to say ‘equal fairness’，This is based on the entire interests of the city -state and the common good karma of all citizens "。These expressions indicate，Aristotle's political science targets people's happiness，Involved in justice、Justice、Equality, etc.。

2，Clarify the two ways of family acquisition of wealth。Aristotle uses the family as the basic component unit of the city -state。The starting point of city -state governance is naturally the "housework management" and "property management" of the family。Aristotle thinks，There are two ways to get property in family: one is a natural way，One is the way of money (currency)。The former refers to obtaining property for the purpose of consumption。No matter what method is taken，As long as you consume or use it yourself，And is a physical form，So all are the natural ways to obtain property。Even after the remaining Bet365 app download products appear，People exchange items for themselves，Even there is a certain storage，Also the natural use of items。These items are manifested as real wealth，It is beneficial to the family，It is also beneficial to the city -state。but，After the surplus products appear，People have invented currency and coins to exchange，The property obtained is not only manifested as a real thing，More currency forms，Even buy it for sale。People get items mainly to get more currency，and then become unlimited wealth acquisition and storage。More，If the currency borrows out for more money，Get interest，The coin itself becomes a tool for making money，So this way to obtain wealth is not natural。Aristotle actually discussed the process from the exchange of objects to currency formation and origin，He emphasizes the natural way of gaining wealth，It is actually to show what is the real wealth，or the essence of wealth。

third，Choice of property ownership: Comparison analysis of public ownership and private ownership selection。Aristotle thinks，A city -state can have three types of property ownership: First, all the things of all citizens are fully returned to the public; the other is that they do not return to the public，is completely private; the third is part of the return to the public，Some private。For the city -state as a political group or team，Unimaginable situations that do not return to the public or completely private，But everything of citizens is not feasible for everything to return to the public。Aristotle analyzed two perspectives from incentive constraints and moral formation。From the perspective of incentives and constraints，If the property is completely Bet365 app download public，It means that team members need to work together、Common consumption，Instead, it will inevitably occur in the case where labor will be paid, obtained or consumed incomplete match，The end result is contradictions or less labor。In the case of private property，Each person's payment and harvest match，The scope of personal interests is clear，helps to eliminate contradictions，Improve the average situation。From the perspective of moral formation，Property private ownership is conducive to forming the spirit of Boji from self -love to altruism。Since everyone has property，When people abandon everything about their property to help others，can we get satisfaction or happiness from it，The helper will also be more grateful。So，The property owned by a city -state is a private ownership under the conditions of a certain public property。

Another，In the ancient Greek period, there was still a "Economic Theory" that is said to be an Aristotle.，"Ancient Greece edited by Mr. Wu Bao San、Selection of the Roman Economic Ideological Data "referred to as" Puppet Aristotle's "Economic Theory"。This book is divided into two volumes。Volume 1 discusses the family economy，"Family Management" is similar to Snofen's "Economic Theory"。Volume 2 discusses public financial issues，and distinguish between four types: Wang's economy (royal economy)、Governor's economy (provincial economy)、The economic (political economy) of the city and the individual's economy (private economy)。What needs to be pointed out is，In the first two natural paragraphs of the second volume, "Political Economy"，"City State Economy"。Regardless of whether bet365 Play online games this book is made by Aristotle，From the perspective of the "political economy"，At least about 330 BC, it exists，Pi Montaklin has published a book ahead of 2000 years with the title of "political economy"。

Research on the works represented by the works represented by Norvin and Aristotle during the ancient Greek period，You can draw a few inspirations。One is the study of the history of economic thought，The origin of the thought of political economy from the perspective of national governance。This is not only reflected in the works of Seanofin and Aristotle，Classical Political Economics formed before France、Many political philosophers in the UK，Like Hobes、Rousseau、Montesquan、Locke and others，For the nature of the country、Discussion on the relationship between the country and the people，In essence, it provides theoretical basis for the "political economics" as part of national governance，Rousseau's "Political Economics" entry published in the "Encyclopedia" published in France in 1755 is a typical representative。Second, the goal of national governance is the happiness of the people，Provide the people with sufficient livelihood，"Political Economics" is the production of wealth or property、Create and manage the perspective of achieving this goal。The works of classical economists are mostly based on "political economics"，Discuss the production of wealth、allocation、exchange and consumption。But after the marginal revolution，With "political economics" simplified into "economics"，It focuses more on the discussion of wealth and its management itself，Weakened the attention of national governance and its goals，The issue of national governance has gradually become the bet365 live casino games core problem of political science。After the 20th century，The development of mainstream economics in the West。This article is exactly the origin of the origin of political economy，It also explores the goal for political economics as an important branch of a philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics。

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