Build an institutional mechanism and policy system that promotes equal development and fair competition among all types of bet365 bonus code indiana，We need to start by solving the two problems of non-neutral and insufficient public services provided by the government，Taking into account the basic characteristics of the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics，Especially insisting on "two unwavering beliefs"，Let state-owned bet365 bonus code indiana and private bet365 bonus code indiana complement each other in fair competition、Common development。

Fair competition is the core of market economy，Strengthening the fundamental status of fair competition is the key guarantee for building a unified and open high-standard market system。Currently，The accelerated construction of a new development pattern and the need for high-quality economic development，Putting forward higher requirements for equal development and fair competition among bet365 bonus code indiana。In recent years，Our country has promulgated relevant laws and regulations including the Anti-Monopoly Law of the People's Republic of China and the Small and Medium-sized bet365 bonus code indiana Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China，Vigorously optimize the business environment，All types of bet365 bonus code indiana have made great progress in equal development and fair competition。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，The proportion of my country’s private economy has increased from less than 40% ten years ago to about 60%，The number of private bet365 bonus code indiana increased from 1085 at the end of 2012.70,000 households increased to 5092 in May 2023.760,000 households，Increased by 3.7 times。But at the same time, private investment continues to decline、Small, medium and micro bet365 bonus code indiana have short survival time、Some markets have higher entry barriers、It is difficult for private bet365 bonus code indiana to obtain financing and it is expensive、Unfair competition occurs from time to time and other issues，Reflects that there is still much room for improvement in promoting equal development and fair competition among Chinese bet365 bonus code indiana。

　Insufficient public services restrict enterprise bet365 bonus code indiana

How to change the status quo，Promote equal development and fair competition among all types of bet365 bonus code indiana，Analysis should be conducted from the micro perspective of the enterprise。bet365 bonus code indiana are both producers and sellers，Reduce production costs while continuously expanding the market，Achieve high profits，Is the key to the survival and development of an enterprise。However，Different types of bet365 bonus code indiana in our country have not fully achieved equal development and fair competition in these two aspects。First of all, the market aspect。Some industries have high entry barriers、State-owned enterprise monopoly in the upstream field、Local protectionism leads to market segmentation、State-owned bet365 bonus code indiana take advantage of various factor cost advantages to continuously expand in competitive industries and other factors，Leading to private bet365 bonus code indiana facing greater obstacles in market expansion and market entry。Not only that，Some large capitals utilize digital technology、Unfair competition using capital advantage frequently occurs，Destroyed the normal order of market operation。The second is cost。In terms of explicit costs，Due to financial repression and credit ownership bias，The capital costs of private bet365 bonus code indiana are significantly higher。In terms of hidden costs，Due to poor business environment、The service system for small and medium-sized bet365 bonus code indiana is lacking，Private bet365 bonus code indiana face greater institutional transaction cost pressure。Therefore，We must promote equal development and fair competition among all types of bet365 bonus code indiana，It is necessary to provide guarantees for all types of bet365 bonus code indiana to expand (enter) the market and reduce costs from the institutional mechanisms and policy systems。

It has only been about 40 years since our country explored the path of market economy，The problem of government overside and absence still exists to varying degrees。From the perspective of promoting equal development and fair competition among bet365 bonus code indiana，The government’s overside and absence means that the public services provided by the government are non-neutral and insufficient。The former includes non-neutral market access、Industrial subsidies are not neutral、Non-neutral credit supply, etc.，Directly hinder the role of the market in resource allocation，Leading some bet365 bonus code indiana to enter the market、Difficulties in market expansion，Market transaction costs rise，This leads to unfair competition among bet365 bonus code indiana；The latter includes insufficient optimization of the legal environment、Insufficient construction of service system for small, medium and micro bet365 bonus code indiana、Insufficient supervision of capital operation order, etc.，Making business organization costs rise。It is under the combined effect of these two factors，The development environment faced by private bet365 bonus code indiana in my country is still lacking。

About how to improve the development environment for private bet365 bonus code indiana，Most discussions are analyzed from the perspective of excessive government intervention，Believes that the main institutional obstacles and policy shortcomings are concentrated in administrative monopoly、Financial repression、Political connections, etc.，The differential treatment of bet365 bonus code indiana under the current institutional mechanisms and policy systems needs to be resolved as soon as possible，That is, the public services provided by the government to bet365 bonus code indiana are not neutral。The discussion on the insufficient public services provided by the government for private bet365 bonus code indiana, especially small, medium and micro bet365 bonus code indiana, is slightly insufficient，In fact, this is also one of the root causes that hinders the equal development of bet365 bonus code indiana and fair competition。

First，The existing administrative service system has significantly increased the institutional transaction costs of private bet365 bonus code indiana, especially small, medium and micro bet365 bonus code indiana。Since the founding of New China，The state-owned economy has long had an absolute advantage in the proportion of our country’s economy。Today，The proportion of state-owned bet365 bonus code indiana in the central, western and northeastern regions is still very high。Therefore，The administrative model and corporate living environment of service companies in many regions，They are all developed in line with the growth of state-owned bet365 bonus code indiana，There is usually a strong social network relationship between state-owned bet365 bonus code indiana and local governments。Various enterprise-related matters often involve multiple administrative departments，However, the current fragmented management model of enterprise-related matters is not consistent with the development model of the private economy。On the one hand，There are many private bet365 bonus code indiana、Generally small in scale，It is difficult to establish a stable and strong relationship with local governments。On the other hand，Many small and medium-sized private bet365 bonus code indiana have not yet established modern enterprise systems，Lack of business management and strategic management professionals，Difficulty in effectively connecting different government departments。This results in high institutional transaction costs for most private bet365 bonus code indiana，Hindering their equal development and common competition with state-owned bet365 bonus code indiana。

Second，There is a gap between government and business。The author has found in many surveys，Three common problems among private bet365 bonus code indiana。First, it is difficult for bet365 bonus code indiana to obtain government information in a timely manner，Especially various preferential policy information；Second, even if bet365 bonus code indiana can obtain published policy information，There is also a lack of ability to match policies，That is, the policy cannot be effectively interpreted；Third, bet365 bonus code indiana lack a platform to communicate with the government when they encounter difficulties，I don’t know which department to contact，What channels should be used to solve the problem。This also leads to small and medium-sized bet365 bonus code indiana、The institutional transaction costs of private bet365 bonus code indiana remain high。The main reason is that the scale of government is limited，When facing millions of market entities，The government often lacks a strong grip，It is difficult to truly serve all types of bet365 bonus code indiana。Although there are many accounting firms on the market、Finance Company、Investment and Financing Company、Financial intermediary、Law Firm、Management consulting company、Labor outsourcing company，But most of the services provided are standardized services，Or necessary services for business operations。Based on the situation of enterprise research，What private bet365 bonus code indiana, especially small and medium-sized bet365 bonus code indiana, need most is access to and interpretation of preferential policies、Difficulty feedback、Communicate with the government、Market docking and other services，These services are mostly personalized。Organizations that provide these services need to understand the operations of the business，Need to be able to interface with the government、Communication ability。Currently, due to the relative lag in the construction of service systems between government and bet365 bonus code indiana，The gap between the two has not yet been effectively filled。

　Third，Digital technology plays a more limited role。With digital technology、The rapid development of informatization，It is difficult for bet365 bonus code indiana to obtain preferential policy information、The problem of insufficient communication with the government has been alleviated to a certain extent，But digital technology cannot completely bridge the gap between government and bet365 bonus code indiana。The author’s research results show，Less than half of companies obtain and understand policies from government official accounts、Website or push，Only nearly 40% of companies believe that communication with government departments mainly relies on various government public platforms。This shows that our country’s private bet365 bonus code indiana, especially small and medium-sized private bet365 bonus code indiana, still lack screening information、The ability to interpret information。At the same time，Company matching in financing、Training Services、The needs for technological innovation docking and other aspects cannot be completely achieved by relying on information platforms。

　　Achieve common bet365 bonus code indiana in fair competition

Build an institutional mechanism and policy system that promotes equal development and fair competition among all types of bet365 bonus code indiana，We need to start by solving the two problems of non-neutral and insufficient public services provided by the government，Taking into account the basic characteristics of the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics，Especially insisting on "two unwavering beliefs"，Let state-owned bet365 bonus code indiana and private bet365 bonus code indiana complement each other in fair competition、Common development。

On the policy of opening up to the outside world，Gradually eliminate unequal market access opportunities，Form a comprehensive open management system based on a negative list。Effectively connect with the international rules system，Strictly implement the “National One List” management requirements，According to the different characteristics of market competition in different fields，Set full competition、Limited competition、Competitive business in natural monopoly field、Categories such as specific areas and implement policies by classification，Promote all types of bet365 bonus code indiana to participate in market competition in a fair and orderly manner。

State-owned enterprise development policy，Ensuring the contribution of state-owned bet365 bonus code indiana is related to national security、Concentration of important industries and key areas that are the lifeblood of the national economy，Stabilize the industrial chain、Supply chain，Make state-owned capital and state-owned bet365 bonus code indiana stronger, better and bigger，At the same time, increase the entry of social capital in the field of people's livelihood。

Monopoly industry reform policy，Deepen the separation of government and bet365 bonus code indiana、Separation of political capital and capital、Franchise、Reform with government supervision as the main content，Strictly supervise natural monopoly links，Accelerate the marketization of competitive links，Effectively break the administrative monopoly。

Anti-unfair bet365 bonus code indiana policy，Promote the normalization of antitrust and anti-unfair bet365 bonus code indiana supervision，Strengthen the effectiveness of full-chain supervision before, during, and after events，Accelerate the "whitelist" policy for market access、Market Research Policy、Institutional infrastructure construction such as antitrust investigation acceptance mechanism and evidence production mechanism。

Industrial subsidy policy，Reasonably regulate the coverage and rigidity of industrial subsidies，Correcting the industrial subsidy policy that overly favors key local bet365 bonus code indiana，Reduce various selective policies、Preferential policy，Increase inclusive support policies，Reduce administrative discretion。

Financial market development policy，Focus on improving the financing credit system for small and medium-sized bet365 bonus code indiana，Eliminate explicit and implicit thresholds for private bet365 bonus code indiana，Encourage and guide social capital to enter the financial services field，Allocate more limited funds through effective capital market mechanisms to conform to the national development strategy、High-tech bet365 bonus code indiana that effectively make up for shortcomings in economic development。Increase support for policy financing guarantee companies、SME Development Fund、Small and Medium Enterprise Government Venture Capital Guidance Fund、Policy capital investment in on-lending funds for small and medium-sized bet365 bonus code indiana，Establish and improve the financing risk compensation mechanism for small and medium-sized bet365 bonus code indiana。

Construction of service system for small, medium and micro bet365 bonus code indiana，Increase policy support and government purchasing for small and medium-sized enterprise service agencies，Improving government public services、Market-oriented services、A trinity of "government-intermediary organizations-bet365 bonus code indiana" service system for small and medium-sized bet365 bonus code indiana that combines social public welfare services，Rely on digital government platform、Intermediate organizations bridge the gap between government and bet365 bonus code indiana，Realizing the socialization of government service bet365 bonus code indiana、Intermediation、Bridge-based、Participation、Digital，Effectively reduce the institutional transaction costs of bet365 bonus code indiana。

Continuously optimize the business environment，Make the rule of law the core of business environment construction。Increase the disclosure of government affairs，Get various preferential policies、Subsidy、bet365 bonus code indiana with tax exemptions are announced，Enhancing government credibility。Establish and improve the government affairs and administrative commitment assessment system，Further improve the government’s integrity performance mechanism，Effectively stabilize private investment and enterprise development expectations。

​​Cadre assessment and incentive mechanism，Establish a "close" and "clear" political and business relationship that is compatible with high-quality development，Reversing the GDP-only theory、The tendency of tax-only cadre assessment。Incorporate into the assessment system assessment indicators related to the equal development and fair competition of bet365 bonus code indiana，Breaking the distinction between “visible” performance and “non-visible” performance，At the same time, a province-city-district-street integrated assessment and evaluation mechanism will be formed。

　　(This article is a phased result of the National Social Science Fund’s major project "Research on Institutional Mechanisms and Policy Systems to Promote Equal Development and Fair Competition of All Types of bet365 bonus code indiana" (23ZDA037) to interpret the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Party)

(The author is the director of the China New bet365 bonus code indiana Economy Research Center at Wuhan University、Professor)