bet365 voucher portraits including portrait stones、Portrait Brick、Mural、Lacquer painting、Silk paintings, etc.，Is an important historical material for studying the history of the bet365 voucher，The famous historian Jian Bozan called it "the history of the bet365 voucher with embroidered statues"。Through bet365 voucher portraits，Can gain insight into the ethical concepts of the bet365 voucher。Three cardinal principles and six disciplines are important contents of human relations，It is fully reflected in the portraits of the bet365 voucher。

　　The concept of monarch and ministers in the portraits of the bet365 voucher

In bet365 voucher portraits，The strict hierarchy of monarchs and ministers，Mainly expressed through the picture "Zhou Gong assists the king"。Before the death of King Wu of Zhou，Entrusted the young King Cheng to his younger brother Duke Zhou。Duke Zhou lived up to his great trust，Do your best to help become the king，Making the early Western Zhou Dynasty a peaceful and peaceful situation for the world。Shandong、There are portraits of "Zhou Gong Fu Cheng Wang" in Henan and other places。For example, the portraits stored in the Wu Clan Cultural Relics Custody Hall in Jiaxiang, Shandong，Three characters are depicted: a child in the middle，There is an old man on both sides。The person on the left is holding a canopy umbrella，Stand with a bow，Serving the middle child；The person on the right is leaning on a crook，Also standing with a bow。All three have a title: the middle child’s title is “Become a King”，The person on the left is "Zhou Gong"，The person on the right is "Zhao Gong"。It can be seen from the list title，This picture depicts the story of "Zhou Gong assists the king"。The information revealed in the portrait of "Zhou Gong assists the king" is: The emperor is young，But it represents imperial power，We respect Yang；Although I am old，But it is humble and yin，Must abide by the principles of monarch and minister。

Except for the picture of "Zhou Gong assists the king"，The assassins and revenge portraits in bet365 voucher portraits also reflect the ethical concepts of monarchs and ministers。Portrait of Wuliang Temple in Jiaxiang, Shandong，Describes the story of six assassins: Cao Zi Jie Huan、Zhuan Zhu assassinated King Wu、Jing Ke assassinates King Qin、To leave Ci Qingji、Yu Rang assassinated Zhao Xiangzi、Nie Zheng assassinates the King of Han。Among the six assassins，Cao Zi、Zhuan Zhu、Jing Ke、To leave the capital and show loyalty。We must abandon the purpose of assassinating Qingji，It is to eliminate hidden dangers for the monarch；Cao Zi for the national interest，Not willing to take risks，Kidnapping Duke Huan of Qi，Requesting the occupied land of Lu State；Jing Ke assassinates King Qin，The first is to eliminate disasters for Yan State，The second is revenge for Prince Dan；Zhuan Zhu is under the order of the future king，Clear obstacles for it。Cao Zi、Zhuan Zhu、Jing Ke and Yaoli，They are all ministers，Entrusted to you，It is the best interpretation of "a minister serves the king with loyalty"。

Whether it is the portrait of "Zhou Gong assists the king"，Still Cao Zi、Portrait of Jing Ke and other assassins，Both of them reflect the subject’s “loyalty” to the monarch，It is an important expression of the bet365 voucher’s concept of the ethics of monarch and ministers。

　　The concept of father and son in bet365 voucher portraits

A portrait that embodies the concept of father and son，Mainly "Pictures of Filial Sons"。In bet365 voucher portraits，“Pictures of filial sons” appear in large numbers。Wuliang Temple in Jiaxiang, Shandong，Depicted Ding Lan’s carved wood、Lao Laizi entertaining relatives、Min Ziqian lost his chariot、Zeng’s mother threw herself into a tree、Xiao Sun Yuan Hub、Zhao Koutu、Filial son Wei Tang、Yang Boyong、Three states of filial piety、"Qi Duwei" Jin Rixi、Li Shan Fu Gu、Xiaoyi Zhuming、Dong Yong’s servant、Xing Qu fosters his father、Picture of Bai Yu hurting his relatives and waiting for a filial son。Every filial son，They all have touching stories of filial piety，It is a direct manifestation of the importance of filial piety in the bet365 voucher。Shandong、Many “Pictures of Dong Yong’s Waiting Father” appeared in Sichuan and other places，Explains that Dong Yong’s serving father should be a familiar story of a filial son in the bet365 voucher，So it was carved into a portrait，To set an example for the world。

　Portrait of "Seven Daughters Avenge Their Father"，Also reflects the concept of filial piety of the bet365 voucher。In the bet365 voucher murals unearthed in Helinger, Inner Mongolia，There is a portrait of "Seven women avenging their father"，It is engraved with the title "Seven women avenged their father"。Dongguan Town, Ju County, Shandong、Wuliang Temple in Jiaxiang, Shandong，Images with the same motif also appeared。"Seven daughters avenged their father"，Rooted in the social environment where revenge was prevalent in the bet365 voucher，Become a model of "filial piety"。

The bet365 voucher attached great importance to "filial piety"，“Filial piety” has always been valued and promoted by rulers，Become a guideline for political life，Even penetrated into the field of rule of law。"The Classic of Filial Piety" has become a must-learn book in schools，Especially the prince as the future king，The "Book of Filial Piety" is an important part of learning。As "The Classic of Filial Piety" is increasingly valued and promoted，“Filial piety” became a widely accepted concept in the bet365 voucher。The supreme ruler leads by example，Add the word "filial piety" to his title，And pass school education、Three old men’s education and other methods，Let "filial piety" gradually penetrate into the lower classes。When explaining "filial piety" to the people，There is a strategy book、Understanding the Big Bian Book、Bian Shu、Wall Book、Different methods such as oral instructions。In addition，Image is also an important way of expression。Many people are illiterate，Image in the most intuitive way，Let them understand the content clearly。So，For ordinary people，This kind of education method should have the best effect。

Dong Yong’s servant、Xing Qu fosters his father、Dinglan carved wood、Lao Laizi entertaining relatives、The story of seven daughters avenging their father and other filial sons，It is one of the favorite things to depict in the bet365 voucher，Fully embodies the concept of filial piety of the bet365 voucher。

　　The concept of husband and wife in bet365 voucher portraits

The relationship between husband and wife is one of the three cardinal principles。Dong Zhongshu believes that his wife takes orders from her husband，Husband is Heaven，The wife is the land，The husband is superior to the wife，A wife must be absolutely submissive to her husband。In bet365 voucher portraits，This ethical concept is fully reflected。For example, the portraits unearthed in Liangcheng Town, Weishan County, Shandong，A couple sitting in the hall，The male host is sitting on the right，The hostess is sitting on the left。Shangyou in bet365 voucher，Respect the right，The male host is obviously sitting in an honorable position。In the concept of bet365 voucher people，Husband is respected，So sit on the throne；Wife obeys husband，So I sit in a humble position。Portraits unearthed in Lingbi County, Anhui，Also reflects this concept。From the seating arrangement of the couple in bet365 voucher portraits，You can gain insight into the status and ethics of couples in the bet365 voucher。

In bet365 voucher portraits，Not only couples in real life follow ethical concepts，The same is true in the fairy world。In the portraits of ancient emperors on the west wall of Wuliang Temple in Jiaxiang, Shandong，The earliest emperor was Fuxi、Nuwa，Both are depicted in one grid，They all have human heads and snake bodies，Tail wrapped tightly，For husband and wife image。Fuxi is depicted on the right，Nuwa is depicted on the left，Follow the ethical concept of husband being superior to wife。

Not only Fuxi、Nuwa is like this，And the Sun God、So is the moon god。Henan Tanghe Portrait Stone，There are two images of gods with human heads and snake bodies，Both hands hold balls，There are three-legged crows and toads inside，Indicates that they are sun gods、Image of the Moon God。Sun God、The tail of Luna intersects，It seems that people in the bet365 voucher regarded the two as husband and wife。Portrait of Sarcophagus No. 3 in Jianyang, Sichuan，There are two images of gods with human heads and snake bodies，It can be seen from the title "Sun and Moon"，The male image is the sun god，The female image is the moon goddess。The positions of the two are: Sun is on the right，Luna is on the left，Fully embodies the ethical concept of husband as wife。

Morning glory、The Weaver Girl is a mythical and legendary figure that originated from the pre-Qin Dynasty，The two are husband and wife。Color Star Map of the Late Western bet365 voucher Tomb on Xianning Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi，There are morning glory、Portrait of Weaver Girl。The morning glory is on the right，Weaver Girl is on the left，With couples in real life and Fuxi and Nuwa in the fairy world、The positions of the sun and moon are consistent，Both reflect the bet365 voucher’s ethical concept of husband being the guide for his wife。

In the concept of bet365 voucher people，The Queen Mother of the West and the Prince of the East are husband and wife。Portrait in Xiongying Camp, Nanyang, Henan、In the portrait of the door frame of Dangjiagou Tomb in Mizhi, Shaanxi，The Queen Mother of the West and the Prince of the East sit side by side，Dong Wanggong is on the right，The Queen Mother of the West is on the left。In the bet365 voucher，Although the Queen Mother of the West has a higher status in people’s minds than the Prince of the East，But when the painter depicts the two，Deeply influenced by the ethical concept of husband as wife，Unconsciously arranged the two according to the seating arrangements of ordinary couples in the real world: Prince Dong is on the right，The Queen Mother of the West is on the left。Visible，In bet365 voucher portraits，No matter the real world or the fairy world，The relationship between husband and wife follows the principle of husband as wife、The ethical concept of men being superior to women。

Pictures of women in bet365 voucher portraits，Also reflects the ethical concepts of the bet365 voucher people。Portraits of women were highly respected from the late Western bet365 voucher to the Eastern bet365 voucher，People painted it on the walls、Screen、Tomb Chamber、Jianbozhong，First, it serves the purpose of educating the world，Second, it has appreciation value。In the unearthed portraits of the bet365 voucher，There are many images of women。The portraits of Wuliang Temple in Jiaxiang, Shandong Province depict the stories of eight noble women: Capital Festival Women、Qi Yi stepmother、Aunt Liang Jie、Chu Zhaozhenjiang、Ugly girl without salt、Aunt Lu Yi、Qiu Hu’s wife、Liang Gaoxing。Among the eight pictures of women，There are four portraits that reflect the concept of marital ethics: the first one is of the daughter of the Capital Festival。A woman died on behalf of her husband on the Capital Festival，Reflects the wife’s loyalty and righteousness to her husband。The second picture is Liang Gaoxing。Liang Gaoxing after the death of her husband，Resolutely reject the proposal of King Liang，He would not hesitate to cut off his nose and disfigure his face，Reflects the wife’s loyalty to her husband。The third picture is Qi Yi’s stepmother。Embodied by Qi Yi’s stepmother，First, adhering to the last wish of the late husband，It is a woman’s loyalty and righteousness to her husband；The second is the great personality of exterminating relatives for justice。The fourth picture is Qiu Hu’s wife。Qiu Hu’s wife strictly abides by women’s ethics when her husband is away，Resolutely refuse when faced with a man’s teasing and temptation，Showing a woman’s loyalty to her husband and her chastity。

Couples depicted in bet365 voucher portraits，And Liang Gaoxing、Pictures of Qi Yi’s stepmother and other daughters，All reflect the ethical concept of the bet365 voucher that the husband is the guide to his wife。"White Tiger Tongyi" defines "couple" as: "couple，What is it？husband，Fuye，To support with the way。Women，FUYE，Submit with courtesy。"The husband is supporting，The woman surrenders，The husband and wife are the husband who helps the subdued woman。This ethical concept is fully reflected in the portraits of the bet365 voucher。

　　The concept of the Six Epochs in bet365 voucher portraits

The so-called Sixth Age，It is to remove the monarch and his ministers、Father and son、Social relationships beyond the couple，Fathers、Brother、Clansman、Uncles、Teacher、Friend。The most ideal relationship bet365 voucher Sixth Century is: "All fathers are kind，Uncles are righteous，The tribe is in order，Kundi is related，Respectful teacher，An old friend。”The basis for maintaining the relationship between the Six Epochs is “righteousness”，To all fathers、Uncles、Clansman、Kundi and other direct relatives or in-laws must abide by "righteousness"，To the teacher、Friends should also treat each other with "righteousness"。

In the portrait of Wuliang Temple in Jiaxiang, Shandong，Yu Rang assassinated Zhao Xiangzi、Nie Zheng assassinates the King of Han，Exhibits the spirit of revenge for one’s close friends。Yu Rang assassinated Zhao Xiangzi，To repay Uncle Zhi for his kindness，Exhibits the "righteousness" of "a scholar will die for a confidant"。Nie Zhengwei thanked Yan Zhongzi for his kindness，Going to assassinate the King of Han alone。Yu Rang and Nie Zheng，They all avenge their friends to repay their kindness，Even if you lose your life。This chivalrous spirit was admired by the people of the bet365 voucher。

Among the eight pictures of women in Wuliang Temple in Jiaxiang, Shandong，There are two paintings related to the Sixth Epoch。The first picture is Aunt Liang Jie bet365 voucher east wall。In order to defend the "righteousness" of brothers，Aunt Liang Jie did not hesitate to throw herself into the fire，To clarify one's ambition。The second portrait is Aunt Lu Yi bet365 voucher back wall。Under pressure from the Qi army，When faced with a life or death decision，Aunt Lu Yi chose to give up her son without hesitation，Brother Baoquan。“One woman is righteousness，The troops then stopped"，Become a historical legend。Aunt Liang Jie and Aunt Lu Yi，Although the storyline is different，But the inner spirit shown by the two women is the same，They all defended their "righteousness" to their brothers at the critical moment of life and death。

Loyal ministers depicted in bet365 voucher portraits、filial son、Couple、Lie Nu and Revenge Picture，Important contents that constitute the portraits of the bet365 voucher。The loyalty of a minister to the king、The son’s filial piety to his father、A woman’s obedience to her husband and the “righteousness” of the Sixth Period，All are fully reflected in the portraits of the bet365 voucher。Through these portraits，We can gain insight into the influence of Confucian culture on the social atmosphere of the bet365 voucher，A glimpse into the status and role of ethical ethics in the concepts of bet365 voucher people。

(The author is a researcher at the Institute of Ancient History, Chinese Academy of bet365 voucher Sciences)