Fang Yi is an important type of bronze wine，The era is mainly distributed in the late Shang Dynasty to the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty。At present, the most famous Bronze Fang Yi is Lingfang Yi，Its disputes began in the late 1920s，It has been nearly a century to date。About the age of Fang Yi，It is mainly divided into two perspectives of the period of being the king and the Zhao Wang period。At the end of 1976, the Microshi family bronze group was unearthed，Lest Fang Yi as the king of Zhao Zhao has gradually become the mainstream view of the academic world。Some scholars holding this are trying to evolve through Fang Yi in different periods in different periods，Do further proof from the type of learning。This may be based on the following understanding: bronze Fang Yi, which is the same as the shape of the shape and decoration，Their age is the same or close; the bronze Fang Yi with obvious differences in shape and decorations，The morning and evening in the age are different; from the end of the business to the early Western Zhou Dynasty，The evolution of Bronze Fang Yi can follow。Knowing the above three aspects，I basically agree with the author。But the interpretation of the word "Qi" in academic history refers to Liu Yifeng: "New Trume of the Micro History Family"，"Research on Chinese History" 2022 Issue 2，The following is referred to as "New Discussion") and the main interviews of the Fang Fang Yi，But Fang Yi, who has obvious differences in the shape and decoration of these two types of Fang Yi in the last year of King Zhao，This not only violates the above understanding，and caused serious interference to the generation of bronze wares in the early Western Zhou Dynasty。

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Bronze wares from Zhuangbai No. 1 cellar in Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province at the end of 1976，Contains copper groups made by Micro History Family。The family emblem "Magnatan Book" and the ancestor "Micro Shi Lie Zu" through the clan inscription，Family members who can be tied to pray、Feng、Wall、Four.

Although there are not many utensils in the wall，But there is a historic wall disk with a 273 -character inscription，The world system of the Zhou Wangshi and the corresponding generation of Weishi family。The first half of the Pan Ming praised the king、Wu Wang、Chengwang、Kang Wang、Zhao Wang、Mu Wang and the Gong Wang's great achievements，The second half praised the Micro History family Gao Zu、Lie Zu、Bzu、Ya Zuxin、The deeds of the Gong Big Gong and Shi Wan Zuo Wangxingye。By comparison of front and back，Basically, you can determine the Wang Shi corresponding to several generations of the Micro History family。Let these family members and pray、Feng、Wall、Four people compare，You can determine the age of the copper wares made by the four。

Book prayer、Fang Yi、觥 Three pieces of a group of copper wares at the same time，The inscription is the same。Book praying to say that his father is Father B，Historic Wall bet365 best casino games Plate's ancestors of the ancestors of the ancestors of the world are two people named B: Ba Zu and Wen Tao B Gong。Wen Tao B Gong is the respect of Shi Wan's respect for his father's test，So the parent test of the book can only be a ancestor，That is to say that the book prayer corresponds to the ancestor of the ancestor in the ancestors。The academic community was according to this logic，Unanimously confirmed the prayer as Asian ancestor。

According to the inscription，Book prayer three instruments and the contents of the book 睘卣 occurred in the same place，This four device should be done in the same king。"Wang Jiang" with a bake is found in Lingyin，Ling 簋 and Ling Fang Yi are all made by the booking，So Book pray、Book、Wang Jiang、Book order should be at the same time。But in history about Ling、Ling Fang Yi's long -term existence of two different perspectives: Cheng Cheng and King Zhao Wang，Book to pray for the positive of Wang Shi，For the solution to the order、The dispute between the era of Fang Yi device is undoubtedly significant。Tang Lan will Asia Zuzu，That is, the book prayer is identified as the Zhao Shi people，The "King Ten and Nine Sacrifice" pointed out that the prayer prayer is the nineteenth year of King Zhao。At the same time，Lingyu is also related to King Zhao Wang Nanzheng (Tang Lan: "The important significance of the bronze group of the Western Zhou Weishi family cellar in the Western Zhou Dynasty ——，"Cultural Relics", No. 3, 1978)。Li Xueqin also prevented the main activity of the prayer in the Zhao Wang period，He will pray from the aspects of decoration and shape、Qi Fang Yi Yu Lingzun、Lest Fang Yi and other equipment to compare，Pointing up similarity between them，to demonstrate the order、Ling Fang Yi Zhu is also a Zhaoyang device ("The important ruler of the Bronze in the Midsday of the Western Zhou Dynasty -Zhou Yuanzhuangbai、Comprehensive Study on the Two Bronze Cellar in Qiangjia "，"China Museum of History Museum" 1979, No. 1)。

Because the academic community unanimously identified the prayer as Asia Zuzu，plus Tang Lan、Li Xueqin's influence of two ancient text giants，Ling 簋、The dispute over the generation of Fang Yi device seems to be perfectly resolved。to this day，Book prayer and book order to make the device as the mainstream view of the academic world。Tang Lan -based "Kang Palace" is the "Kang Palace" for Kang Wangzong Temple，3879_3899。King Zhao's reign 19 years，The "Wang Shi Nine Sacrifice" of Qi Fang Yi is the last year of King Zhao，According to Tang Lan、Li Xueqin's Dragon Opinions，Qifang Yi should work this year。

　Disposal of the Shan Family Family and Fang Yi

Uniqueness，The bronze cellar similar to Zhuangbai No. 1 is found again。2003，27 bronze wares unearthed from Yangjia Village, Mei County, Shaanxi Province。One of them is particularly precious，The family system of the Shan family from Shan Gong to the Eighth Generation，Corresponding to the twelve king of Wang to Xuanwang。Discovery of the bronze wares of Yangjia Village cellar，Also attracted attention to the bronze wares around Yangjia Village in the past。

1955，Five bronze wares bet365 best casino games were unearthed in Lijia Village, Mei County，One of them is Zun、Two Fang Yi、A koh Zun，Another lid in Kom Zun。Lijia Village is a natural village in Yangjia Village，Not far from Yangjia Village。In the past, the age of the 盠 was fixed for late，Mostly set it in the Communist King、During the period of Wang or filial piety。After being unearthed，At first knowing the fourth generation of the Shan family, the Father of Hui Zhong，corresponding to King Zhao and King Mu，So the age of the 盠 must be moved forward。Wang Hui thinks，Kom Zun and Fang Zun are at the latest at King Mu，You can even get to King Zhaoshi early (Wang Hui et al.: "The Minutes of the Bronze Group of Bronze Group of Yangjia Village, Baoji Meimei County"，"Archeology and Cultural Relics" 2003, No. 3)。Dong Shan thinks，It turned out that the scholar broken device was Mu Wangshi，Now you can move forward to Zhao Wang Shi ("The Inscriptions on the Western Zhou Family Family Cellar Bronze Inscription"，"Chinese History Cultural Relics" 2003, No. 4)。He Jingcheng thinks，盠 Fang Yi and Fang Fangzun this kind of copper shape is more unique。Copper in this shape，It should be concentrated in the last year of King Zhao、In the early years of King Mu ("The Age of Johnzo and Zhao Wang Nanzheng -True Copy Copper"，"Southeast Culture" 2008, No. 4)。

盠: "Wang Chu is stubborn in. "It means that a certain Zhou Wang just startedHold the gift of the foal，Obviously it is the first year of King Zhao or King Mu。and 盠 盠 盠，It seems that the age is still light，So can only be the first year of King Zhao。Two pieces of Fang Yi and a piece of Fang Zun are a set of utensils made at the same time，The inscription is the same，Recorded 盠 was appointed by Zhou Wang, "Sixi Master Wang Xing San You Si: Si Tu、Sima、Division "，and "The Sixth Division of the Chief Division 眔 眔 眔 眔 艺 艺"。"Six Master Wang Xing San You Di" refers to the San You Division of the Guard of the Six Divisions of the Six Division，"Art" can represent skills、talent，Here refers to the training of the army。means that 盠 not only in charge of the Guards，It is also appointed by the military training of the West Six Division and the East Eight Division，This is closely related to King Zhao Wang Nanzheng。According to the disk，The main achievement of Hui Zhong's father is to assist the King of Zhao "Flutter Chu Jing"，So this group of utensils should be made before and after the south of Zhao Wang，equivalent to the last year of King Zhao。

　The difference between Qifang Yi and Qian Fangyi

According to the previous mainstream disconnection opinions，Qi Fang Yi and Qian Fang Yi were placed in the last year of King Zhao。From the perspective of the laws and characteristics of Bronze Fang Yi，These two Fang Yi should have high similarity in shape and decoration。But，There are great differences in these two bronze Fangyi: First，From the perspective of size and weight，Qi Fang Yi is heavier and heavier than Fang Yi。Qifang Yi high 41.6 cm，Volume 19.3 cm，Angle horizontal 24.2 cm，19.3 cm abdomen，Weighing 12.8 kg。Two pieces of Fang Yi Zhong，The height of the current National Museum is 22.8 cm，Elves bet365 Play online games 11 cm，Houzheng 14.4 cm，9.5 cm abdomen，weighing 3.6 kg; 18 cm high in the History Museum of Shaanxi，Volume 8.4 cm，Angle horizontal 11.6 cm，Weight 2.05 kg。Second，From the perspective of shape，Prayer Fang Yi Bidai's neck drum belly，Four corners and four sides of the middle line all have transparent ridge，盠 盠 扉 扉 扉 扉 扉 扉，There is an object nasal ear on both sides of the abdomen，There are vertical below。third，From the perspective of the decoration，Qifang Yi Gai Ding and Gaixu Nujin Flat Facial Pattern，Big Beast Pattern formed by the symmetrical dragon pattern of the abdominal decoration，Under the mouth and circle foot decoration of 夔 夔，Fill the ground with cloud lightning pattern。盠 Fang Yi Gai and the belly of the device decorated round vortex，Dragon patterns on both sides，Bottom of the mouth of the mouth and the fed foot of the stolen curvature，Fill the ground with cloud lightning pattern。

Comparison of two comparisons，It can be seen that praying for Fang Yi in the momentum is more powerful and open，盠 Fang Yi is small and restrained。Fang Yi has more late business characteristics，盠 Fang Yi, despite the addition of new elements of nasal and stealing patterns，But it is difficult to hide the trend of Fang Yi as a copper type that has become increasingly declining。Qi Fang Yi and Qi Fang Yi were unearthed in Zhouyuan area，Qi Fangyi can be with Ling Fang Yi in shape and decoration、Rongzi Fang Yi、Uncle Fang Yi and other Fang Yi close contact，盠 Fang Yi can be with Shi Yi Fang Yi in shape and decoration、Xing Shufang Yi Miqi contact。So the differences between them can not be explained with different regions，It can not be explained with a unique shape，It can be seen that they belong to different times。

　Review of the situation of 盠 Fang Yi and Qi Fang Yi

Chen Mengjia emphasized that the internal connection of the copper ware is the most important in the interrogation，But it cannot be judged by the association alone，A relationship should be contacted (Chen Mengjia: "The Bronze Bet365 app download of the Western Zhou Dynasty"，Zhonghua Book Company 2004 edition)。Taking this as the standard，You can pray for Fang Yi、盠 Fang Yi uses the inter -generation situation of the history of the History Wall and the Flag Drive World to review。First look at 盠 Fang Yi，盠 and Hui Zhong's father at least three aspects: first，The name is the same。And the repeating probability of this name is very low。Second，The same ranking of the parents。盠 Called his father as Dazhong，The previous generation of Hui Zhong's father is the new room Zhong，Both are Zhong。third，Character deeds in line。盠 Wang Wang was appointed in charge of the West Six Division and the East Eight Division Military Politics，Hui Zhong's father is Sasuke Zhao King's crusade Chu Jing，Two people serve military brigades。

Look at Qi Fang Yi，The prayer is determined to be the ancestor of Azu ancestor in at least three aspects or in accordance with: first，The father test of the prayer can not be determined as a ancestor。Although the essay test is eliminated in the ancestral family department，But it has not ruled out Gao Zu and Lie Zu，The two people bet365 best casino games did not provide a daily name，It cannot exclude the possibility of the two people named B。Second，Book prayer does not match the deeds of Ya Zuxin。I pointed out in the article "New Discussion"，Book prayer was sent by Zhou Wang to the east to give it to the East，And Ya Zuxin's performance is the prestige of breeding children and grandchildren，The deeds of the two have nothing to do。third，Because Fang Yihe Ling Fang Yi is in the content、Close connections on shape and decoration，It means that the two should be done in the same king。In the past research，Fang Fang Yi as Zhao Wang，Then the order of Fang Yi is also determined to be the Zhao Wang device，But did not deal with those controversy about the order of Fang Yi inter -generation，Especially face the evidence of Guo Moruo and Chen Mengjia's support to Ling Fang Yi as a king。

By reviewing the situation of the family world of Qi Fang Yi and Qi Fang Yi, it is reviewed，It can be seen that Fang Yi is at least in three aspects.，This indicates that it is the right thing to break the Fang Yi in the last year of King Zhao。But Qi Fang Yi cannot be consistent or determined in three aspects。From the perspective of the evolution and distribution of Fang Yi，Fang Yi, a very different difference between Fang Yi and Qi Fangyi, cannot coexist at the same time before and after the last year of King Zhao，Therefore, praying Fang Yi cannot be broken as the Zhao Wang。Similarly，Ling Fang Yi can not be the Fang Yi of the Zhao period。

　　Ling Fang Yi and Qi Fang Yi should be a king

Since Fang Yi and Qi Fang Yi cannot be ranked around the last year of King Zhao，So Ling Fang Yi and Qi Fang Yi should be broken in the king，can be proved from at least in the following three aspects。

First，From the inscription content，Book Order and Book Books are both people when they are kings。The reason why the past had diverged to the interrogation of Fang Yi，In the final analysis, the interpretation of the inscription is different。It is Zhou Gong that allows Fang Yi's inscription，That is Zhou Gongdan，instead of "Zhou Gongzi Mingbao"，"Zhou Gong" and "Zi Mingbao" should be disconnected，The latter belongs to the content of the register。Because Zhou Gong's status was extremely respectful at that time，Zhou Chengwang did not call Zhou Gong to the palace，Instead, it is in Jiashen Rita Book Order，and record it in the book。Book Order in Dinghai, three days later, go to "Zhou Gong Palace"，That is, Zhou Gong’s residence reads the booking，Zhou Gong immediately made a book or order to follow him to Cheng Zhou。Since then，Book Order began to be called "Ming Gong"，This Ming Gong also refers to Zhou Gong，The previous part is called Zhou Gong as a book order as Zhou Gong as the envoy of Zhou Wang，Later called Ming Gong，It is a book order to respect Zhou Gong as Zhou Gong.。

Minggong’s title is also found in Lu Houzun，Lu Hou refers to the uncle，The inscription is recorded as Ming Gong led the three tribe to conquer Dongyi，Bo poultry as a commemorative for merits。Three people refer to the father、Son、Sun Three people，Minggong's status is significantly higher than that of Bowl，It can only be his father Zhou Gong (Liu Yifeng: "Seeing the Early Bronze Bet365 app download of the Western Zhou Dynasty"，"China Social Sciences" May 19, 2022, the 4th edition of "Archeology" version)。"Ming" can not only be added in front of "Gong"，You can also add it in front of the "king" as a respect for the name，Xiaoyu Ding "Ming King Zhou Temple"，In the past, it was generally broken as "Ming，Wang Temple of Wang "，In fact, "Ming Wang" is the respect of Zhou Wang。About Book pray，I pointed out in the article "New Discussion"，He should be the ancestor in the history of the history wall，It is the minister of the confidante of the Zhou King's Scripture during the period of Zhou Chengwang，This is a complete consolidation with his deeds that the East Kingdom gave the East China。

Second，New Out of Yi Fang Yi is the standard in the early years of king，From the shape and decoration, it proves that Ling Fang Yi and Qi Fang Yi are also king。Yi Fang Yi Yun: "The King of Wusen gives Yi Bei Peng。"" King of Wu in the inscription，So the age of the king of Cheng Cheng。So，The shape and decoration of Yifang Yi can be used as a reference standard for a disconnection。From the perspective of shape，Yi Fang Yi and Ling Fang Yi、Qi Fang Yi is a drum belly Fang Yi，Similarity can reach 80 %，The biggest difference between the three instruments is the degree of abdomen drumming，Ling Fang Yi and Qi Fang Yi drum more obvious。From the perspective of the decoration，Similarity can also reach 90 %，Gai Ding and Gaibang are decorated with inverted beasts，Beast decoration of the beast。Yi Fang Yi、Ling Fang Yi and Qi Fang Yi are so high in shape and decoration，Obviously because of the extremely close time。Yi Fang Yi works in the first year of King Zhou Cheng，Lest Fang Yi appeared into the Kyoko Palace and Kang Palace，Obviously after the completion of the Zhou Dynasty，Qi Fang Yi inscriptions are "Wang Shi Nine Sacrifice"，It is Zhou Chengwang nineteen years。The age produced by Qifang Yi is at least more than ten years later than Yi Fang Yi，Ling Fang Yi’s production time is later than Yi Fang Yi，But earlier than Qi Fang Yi。Another pieceFang Yi，Now Tibetan Boston Museum of Fine Arts，Chen Mengjia's "Chinese Bronze Collection of the United States" (2019 Edition of the Chinese Book Company) includes this device，Li Xueqin set the prayer to the time when he was in Zhao King，So it is estimated to be Kang Shi ("Early Western Zhou DynastyFang Yi Examination Explanation "，"Journal of Chinese Characters" Fifth Series 2014 Edition)。Of course not credible。FromThe degree of drumming of the belly of Fang Yi，It should also be the early king of Fang Yi。The above four Fang Yi are all Fang Yi from the period of Zhou Chengwang，The size of the abdomen of the device reflects the characteristics of the same period of the same king of the king，The logic of the production time should be: Yi Fang Yi -Fang Yi -Ling Fang Yi -Qi Fang Yi.

third，Kang Palace is the palace of the Western Zhou Dynasty，Not King of Kang，It already existed as early as King Zhou Wu。Tang Lan advocates that Fang Yi is a Zhao Wang，The main basis is to interpret the "Kang Palace" in the inscription as the Zongmiao of Kang King。and from this setting up the "Kang Palace Theory"，I believe that "Kang Palace" records appear on the bronze ware，It Bet365 app download must be after King Kang ("The" Kang Palace "problem in the Copper Bet365 app download of the Western Zhou Dynasty"，"Journal of Archeology" 1962, No. 1)。This conclusion is except for the overthrow of the Ming Yi inscription，Zeng Gong, a newly unearthed in 2019Epither overthrow。Its Mingyun: "Wang Ke, I am in Kang Palace，乎。"The emperor's ancestor refers to the former ancestor of Zeng Guo, Nan Gong，In the inscription, "Gao Zu", "Bian", "Emperor Ancestor" and "South Gong" refers to the same person，That is Nangong Ruin。The inscription says that Gao Zu's "Cultivation of the Culture and Martial Arts"，means that Nan Public has assisted Zhou Wen and King Zhou Wu, Zhou Wang，The death should be at King Zhou Wu。So，The time when Nangong is sealed in Kang Palace should be in the reign of King Zhou Wu，That is, Zeng Guo Shi was sealed in King Zhou Wu。How could there be King Kang's Temple in King Zhou Wu? Also according to the beast，Zhou Wang ordered to slaughter the beast "General Division Kang Palace Wang Jiachen and his servant Yong"，Among them, "Kang Palace" and "Wang Family" are synonymous，"Kang Palace" is the "Wang family"，"Wang Family" is "Kang Palace"，Ming Yan Kang Palace is the home of King Zhou。From the perspective of Kang Palace, there are a lot of slaves，Explain that Kang Palace is the place where Zhou Wang's life and office，instead of Zongmiao。

To sum up，Qi Fang Yi and Ling Fang Yi should be the bronze in the period of Zhou Chengwang。盠 Fang Yi is the Bronze Fang Yi that really made in the last year of King Zhao，Shi Fang Yi, which is close to its shape and decoration、Xing Shu Fang Yi is also roughly done around this period。Bronze Fang Yi during this period is relatively short，There are elephant nose -shaped ears on both sides of the abdomen，Decorative decoration with round vortex、stealing patterns and other decorations，The Bronze Fang Yi style of the period of Zhou Chengwang is very different，It reflects the decline of bronze Fang Yi's increasingly declining。

(Author Unit: Institute of Ancient History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、"Ancient Chinese Characters and Chinese Civilization Inheritance Development Project" collaborative and innovative platform)