Display the overall picture of the mountain and bet365 new user promo and promote the study of Anhui studies in the Ming Dynasty
June 12, 2023 10:12 Source: "Chinese Social Sciences Journal" Issue 2669, June 12, 2023 Author: Wang Yuming

Since the two Song Dynasties,bet365 new user promo gradually formed many historical and cultural phenomena named after "Hui" or "Xin'an",Existing regional typicality,It also fits China’s development speed and direction in different periods to a certain extent,Can be called a typical representative of the development and evolution of Chinese society、Living inheritance、Exquisite miniature。This area can form a system in terms of nature, especially humanities、relatively unique、Relatively stable、Still passing on、Explore the phenomenon of strong identity,Provide valuable historical experience, lessons and useful reference for carrying forward China’s excellent traditional culture。The vast mountainous area of ​​bet365 new user promo,The mountain and forest economy can be said to be the pillar of bet365 new user promo’s economy。It is not only the basis for the survival of bet365 new user promo people,It is also an important source of people’s life in bet365 new user promo,It is also a boost to the production and development of bet365 new user promo people,It is also the foundation for the generation and development of bet365 new user promo culture。Cultivation around mountains and forests、Development、Maintenance、A series of activities such as management and trading are an integral part of the daily life of bet365 new user promo people。Kang Jian's book "Research on the Mountain Forest Economy of bet365 new user promo in the Ming Dynasty" (China Social Sciences Press 2023 edition),is a new work based on the characteristics of bet365 new user promo mountainous areas and the economic significance of mountain forests。This work takes bet365 new user promo’s forest economy as the research object,Using bet365 new user promo documents as the core data,On the development context of bet365 new user promo’s mountain forest economy in the Ming Dynasty、Operation Management、Typical family forest management (military family、Family) and timber trade,And systematize bet365 new user promo’s mountain forest economy and local society in the Ming Dynasty、Comprehensive inspection,It makes up for the limitations of the topics discussed in previous studies and the shortcomings of the general discussion of the Ming and Qing Dynasties - "pointing out the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty",Shows the overall picture of the mountain forest economy in the Ming Dynasty。

First,search results,Rich information。System search、Comprehensive possession and full exploration of historical materials are the basic requirements for historical research and academic innovation。The comprehensive search and full possession of historical materials in this work are most remarkable,Listed official history、Fang Zhi、Collected Works、Family Tree、More than 430 kinds of references including documents and contemporary treatises。In addition,One of the greatest highlights of this book is the discovery of a large amount of new information,In particular, a large number of bet365 new user promo documents and other first-hand materials were discovered。The author has not only extensively collected bet365 new user promo documents and materials that have been published in the academic community,And go to Beijing in person、Shanghai、Nanjing、Hefei、Wuhu, Huangshan and other places,Visited the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、National Library of China、Shanghai Library、Reference Room, School of History, Nanjing University、Anhui Provincial Library、Anhui Normal University Library、bet365 new user promo Cultural Museum, Anhui, China、She County Archives and other public collection units as well as local private collectors in bet365 new user promo,Discovered more than 100 rare bet365 new user promo documents and materials that reflect the content of bet365 new user promo’s mountain forest management in the Ming Dynasty, such as property purchase books and family separation letters。The author also made full use of the geographical advantages to conduct in-depth field investigations,Collect the bet365 new user promo wood merchant family genealogy such as "Qimen Kang Family Genealogy", "Qimen Qifeng Zheng Family Genealogy", "Xin'an City Dongluo Family Genealogy" etc.。So many new historical materials,It can be said to be one of its distinctive features。

Second,Complete content,Highlights。The whole book consists of introduction、Consists of three parts: main text and appendix。Introduction is a review of academic history,The appendix is ​​a list of the Zheng Juan family’s mountain farm purchases found in the "Wanli Zheng Family Property Book"。The text is divided into six chapters。Among them,Chapter 1、Chapter 2、Chapter 3 and Chapter 6 are a comprehensive study of the mountain forest economy of bet365 new user promo in the Ming Dynasty,Combining the development context of bet365 new user promo’s mountain forest economy in the Ming Dynasty,Discuss the early development of bet365 new user promo’s mountain forest resources in the Ming Dynasty、Operation Management、Trade and relations with local society,Detailed inspection of independent operations、Leasing operation、Partnership,Mountain farm management、bet365 new user promo forest economic management model such as institutional management and contract management,In-depth exploration of the impact of bet365 new user promo mountains and forests on the daily life of bet365 new user promo families、The positive role of bet365 new user promo merchants and bet365 new user promo clans。Chapter 4 and 5 are case studies,Choose Qimen Shixi Kangshi、Qimen Qifeng Zheng Juan and She County Dongluo Shisheng family and other bet365 new user promo civilian families, and Qimen Qifeng Zheng family’s subordinate Zheng Yingcai、The three sub-households of Zheng Liang and Zheng Zhang and other bet365 new user promo military households are typical cases,Explaining the overview of forest management in bet365 new user promo households from different aspects,Further investigation on the accumulation of mountain farms in every household in bet365 new user promo、Scale、Operation、Manage and divide into aspects。In terms of content,Comprehensive research and case studies account for half each,Taking bet365 new user promo documents as a case study is the top priority of this book,Seize the core of mountain forest economic research,Reflecting the value of bet365 new user promo documents。

 Third,Detailed research,Explanation of profound details。The whole book not only explains the contents of each document in detail,And is meticulous about details。For example, research on Luo Shisheng’s birthplace,That is, using Jiajing's "Xin'an Famous Tribes"、Kangxi's "bet365 new user promo Prefecture Chronicles"、Daoguang's "She County Chronicles"、In the Republic of China, "She County Chronicles", "She County Luo Family Property Purchase Record", "Luo Shisheng Purchase Mountain Land Record", "She County Township Lidu Tu Village Annual Land Expropriation Bureau General Catalog" and "Xin'an City East Luo Family Genealogy" and other sources,Cross verification,Compare each other,Research shows that when Chu Luo was promoted to the Luo family in the east of She County, not the Luo family in Chengkan。Especially,This book discusses mountain forest management methods、Repeated demonstration of the scale and accumulation process of the mountain farm,In-depth explanation,For example, a multi-level and detailed investigation of mountain forest management methods。Independent operation、Tenancy management and partnership management are the first levels of mountain forest management methods。Tenancy management is divided into two types: tenant management and tenant management,Partnership management is divided into tenant partnership and tenant management、Three types of farmer partnership and Hui merchant partnership,This is the second level of forest management methods。Yeoman farmer partnership is divided into two types: partnership with the same surname and partnership with different surnames,Hui merchant partnership is divided into two types: general partnership and joint stock partnership,This is the third level of mountain forest management。Hui merchants' joint-stock partnership is divided into two types: equal-share partnership and unequal-share partnership,This is the fourth level of forest management methods。bet365 new user promo’s mountain forest management methods are quite similar to those of bet365 new user promo merchants,Reveals to a certain extent the interactive relationship between bet365 new user promo’s forest economy and bet365 new user promo merchants。

 Fourth,Novel argument,Broad vision。This book contains many new comments,Multi-dimensional analysis of the economic significance of bet365 new user promo’s mountains and forests。In-depth revelation that the mountain and forest economy is the basis for the rise and development of bet365 new user promo merchants。The Yuan and Ming Dynasties,bet365 new user promo people traffic in local mountain and forest specialties,Familiar with the external market,obtained business capital,Accelerate the commercialization process of local specialties,This prompted the rise of early bet365 new user promo merchants。Mid Qing Dynasty,bet365 new user promo Yandian merchants began to decline,bet365 new user promo Tea、Wood merchants once again became the backbone of bet365 new user promo merchants,Support the development of bet365 new user promo merchants,Thus laid the foundation for bet365 new user promo merchants’ long-lasting prosperity for hundreds of years。bet365 new user promo tea merchants in the process of operation,Continuously improving tea,Produce different styles of tea varieties,To meet market needs。Usnea tea during the Longqing period of the Ming Dynasty、The cultivation of green tea during the Wanli period and the emergence of black tea in the middle and late Qing Dynasty,It is the requirement of market changes,This has greatly expanded the tea market in bet365 new user promo,And from domestic to overseas。Mountain and forest economy is bet365 new user promo study culture、Emblem carving、The foundation of Anhui cuisine and Xin’an medicine,Great influence on Xin'an culture,Promoted the formation and development of Xin'an culture。The book has a broad scope,Use case studies and comprehensive discussions、Combination of field investigation and documentary materials and mutual support of documents、Multiple research methods such as literature and document mutual verification,Re-examining bet365 new user promo’s forest economy from an overall perspective,And conduct in-depth discussions on some typical cases,Research focusing on the local area of ​​bet365 new user promo,Also from the perspective of regional comparison,Comparative study between bet365 new user promo and other regions,Highlight the typicality and generality of bet365 new user promo’s mountain forest economy,Improved the level of bet365 new user promo mountain forest economic research in terms of breadth and depth。

"Research on the Mountain Forest Economy of bet365 new user promo in the Ming Dynasty" is a masterpiece of bet365 new user promo studies in recent years,Not only helps to further promote the research on bet365 new user promo’s mountain forest economy and related issues,And for promoting the study of Ming and Qing economic history、Expanding the exploration of regional history,Building an Anhui Studies subject system with Chinese characteristics、Academic system、The discourse system is not without its benefits。

(Author’s unit: Institute of History, Jiangsu Academy of Social Sciences)

Editor: Cui Cen
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