Any kind of doctrine to maintain vitality，Must respond to the issue of the times，Interpretation in a new context、Cain innovation，Yangming Xue is no exception。In recent years，Research on Yangming Xue in the academic community is increasingly heating，The problems brought by it also gradually appear。This requires the characteristics of Yangming Xue、Comprehensive understanding of Yangmingxue's development stage，On the basis of this, look forward to the research direction of Yangming Xue。

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The theme of the era of Song and Ming Confucianism，It is the impact of Buddhism that responds to the Chinese Confucianism that responds to the mind of the Han and Tang dynasties。To in -depth response，Must be built in the learning of mind，Yangming Xue is the first person。It has three traits。

First，Creative Interpretation Four Books，Revitalize the vibrant Confucianism。Four books are rich in heart learning resources，Essentials of Simon is particularly prominent，This tradition is almost interrupted in the Han and Tang Dynasties。Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty，Zhu Zixue becomes a national ideology，Yang Mingxue started to learn from Zhu Zi，Vitality、Strong subjectivity，Broadly influence in folk society，and popular the world in a short time。Yang Mingxue activated the conscience of Mencius，Based on the knowledge of "University"，Creativity proposed "to conscience"; Kong Yanmo will inherit the traditional，Display the innate science of the "Thousand Sacred Phase Drive Machine";，The metaphor of the north of the north to guide the clear and clear direction of the north; and integrate the self -denial of "The Analects" with the "Confucius" bet365 Play online games and the Mingde of "University"，Turbine with the integration of everything in the world，Give the vitality of the heart to all things in the world。

2，Personalized。"Individuals have Zhongni"，Everyone has the potential of Confucius Saint，But everyone's conscience is different，Even the conscience caused by the same person at different stages is also different，Three changes to Wang Yangming、Teach three changes。Personalized manifestations as conscience are congenital qualifications by moral subjects、Social environment and other influences，But it also lacks fixed、Standards for Consensus，As a result, the liquidity of conscience、Drimming and Conscience Kung Fu Phase、Specialty。

Strong execution power，Strong execution power。As a moral philosophy，Song and Ming Confucianism can also be manifested as teaching only moral knowledge。Compared to Zhu Zi's huge and meticulous science system，The systemicity of Yang Mingxue is weak，Pay more attention to practice。Yang Mingxue advocates knowledge and action in one，Pay particular attention to the power of the line，Show the creativity of traditional Chinese culture and the actual effectiveness of transforming into productivity。The strong execution of Yang Mingxue must combine the keen moral direction recognition，Match and Knowing By Match，The foundation of their mind sex is a relationship between knowledge and intention。

From the perspective of modern philosophy，Inconsistent belonging to moral heart、Knowledge belongs to knowledge，Both combination，Knowing conscience is easy to learn from knowledge theory，From this to produce conscience、Knowledge and other questions，At the same time, it also weakened the morality of the original conscience。Start from the moral emotions of conscience，Introduction to phenomenology research，It is conducive to building bet365 live casino games an emotional phenomenon theoretical system for Yangming Xue，But at the same time weakened the affinity of Yangming Xue、But at the same time weakened the affinity of Yangming Xue。

　　The development stage of Yangming Xue

The Yangming school in the Ming Dynasty mainly includes two parts: Wang Yangming's learning and Yangming post -learning。At the beginning of the research of Yangming Xue，The academic world is mainly concentrated in Wang Yangming research。With the deepening of Yangming studies，Yangming Post -School gradually becomes an independent field。After the Yangming post -learning can be regarded as a local expansion of Wang Yangming's theory，Under the large number of Yang Ming promoted after school，Yangming Xue can be expanded。Wang Yangming studied after leaving Yangming after leaving Yangming seems thin，Similarly，Learning from Yangming after Wang Yangming's theory of Yangming is easy to form an island effect，Therefore, after the study of Yangming after the study, we must take into account the overall study of Yangming learning。

Some Yangming researchers tend to promote the positive value of Yangming Xue，Even only depends on its positive value，Easy to move towards extreme。Yangming Xue has four main development stages，Value is also different: in the stage of Wang Yangming and the first generation of disciples，The theory of conscience is initially formed and expanded，Yang Mingxue is mainly manifested as positive value。In the second -generation disciple stage，Yang Mingxue can still maintain positive value，But the reflexes、Critics start to appear，This kind of criticism is both inside the school，There are also other schools from Donglin Zhu Zixue。In the third -generation disciple stage，Disadvantages of Yangming School gradually prominent，and cause serious negative effects，Yangming Xue Development is facing bet365 Play online games difficulties，Delivery。After the third generation of disciples to the time of the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Yang Mingxue becomes the target of public critic。Wang Fuzhi and Gu Yanwu criticized the most intense，It is believed that Yangming Xue should bear the main responsibility for the decline of Confucianism and the death of the Ming Dynasty; Huang Zongxi stood in Ganquan、The position of Laoshan Houchai criticizes the basic ethics of Yangming academics and Confucianism;，Criticizing Longxi Xue's transcendence，He continues to pass the mind pulse in his later years，More manifestations of the inheritance and defense of Yangming Xue。To sum up，The positive value of Yang Mingxue is only manifested in the first stage，At this time, Yangming learns the rise，It has the freshness brought by the traditional Zhu Zixue; as Yangming Xue unfolds，In the latter three stages，The negative value of Yang Mingxue gradually strengthened，In the later period, it became a representative of the negative doctrine。So，Yangming Studies, which ignores negative value, can easily lead to the one -sidedness of the evaluation and the rejuvenation of the research conclusion，I even mistakenly believe that Yang Mingxue "One is good"，Not conducive to the objective and in -depth research of Yangming Xue。

The development of Yang Mingxue has influenced the later learning differentiation。Zhou Rudian "The Legend of the Holy School"、Sun Qifeng "The Biography of Confucianism"、Fang Xuejian's "Heart Study" and other books have mentioned the inheritance or distribution system of Yangming Xue。"Ming Confucianism Case" divides Yang Ming into the gate of Jiangyou Wangmen、Taizhou School、Wangmen, Central Zhejiang、South Zhongwangmen、South Zhongwangmen、Chuzhong Wangmen、North King Gate、Eight martial arts of the king of Guangdong and Fujian，Among them, bet365 best casino games the first four schools are the most dynamic，The most prosperous development。This distribution model is particularly suitable for Wang Yangming's first generation of disciples，and after Wang Yangming then passed on his disciple，All schools intertwined with each other、The connection is closer，There are also different schools in the same area，Show the limitations of this distribution mode。Yang Mingxue can also be distributed from the characteristics of the heart，Ru Ji、sensation、a few、Italia。Silence is equivalent to the condensation of essence，Close to Jiangyou Wangmen Xuefeng，If Luo Hong takes out the photo protection、Nie Bao returns to silence、Wan Ting's words are expensive; feeling is equivalent to God's popularity，Close to the Taizhou School、Wangmen Xuefeng，Such as Wang Longxi's God、Yan Junzhong "Spirit"、Luo Jinxi advocates "God with essence" and "essence to show God";、sensation，As Chen Mingshui、Wang Shihuai, etc. take the purpose of "Ji" and "Gen Ji"; it can be used as a medium for connection and god (or silence)，Through "Back to Secret"，It means to make the correct compass to ensure the correct moral launch，This is the purpose of Liu Zongzhou's learning。Generally speaking，Yang Mingxue Study in Silence、sensation、a few、Single breakthroughs of the meaning tend to deepen，More comprehensive research is worth looking forward to。

　Yangming Studies Research Intelligence

Combined with the current research status and the background of the times，Yangming Studies can be expanded in the following three directions。

First，Promote the integration of various factions of Yangming Xue，Forms the internal force of Yangming Xue; the tension of the dissolution of the heart of Yangming Xue and the nature of Zhu Zixue，The outward -oriented path of the Zhuzi Xue grid and the introverted path of Yangming Xuepu，Bosomaries and Bo Lena, who belongs bet365 Play online games to Kong Yanzhi's learning。Further，You can hide Yangming in Zhu Zixue or Sinology，even trace forward to Yao、Shun、text、Wu、Zhougong、Thinking、Meng，Back with the Qing Dynasty、Dipping of modern Confucianism，A full -scale research for forming Yangming Source flow，Enhanced the cohesion of Chinese excellent traditional culture。

2，Promoting the way of learning from Yangming Xue，Treatment of the relationship between falseness and real and real。Yang Mingxue is generally a learner for Gaomingshang，Is the virtual study of the upper tip，The disadvantages of their departure to the virtuality are mostly from this，entanglement with the study of the mind of Buddhism，Forming the mad Zen school of Yangming Xue，even deconstructing Confucianism。Research on Yangming Xue should solve the problem of unified reality in theory，Ru Zhi's solution: "The actual one is not unhappy，and the virtual person is true。"" One of them also，and the world's Confucianism is not good。"" "Fang Yizhi proposed" Hidden Virtuality "。Copy the disadvantages of the virtual learning，It can be based on the true balance of school balancing，Back to Confucianism step by step、High -clever and flat traditional tradition，Different from Buddhism here。This can be interpreted as a hidden learning to the next studies，It can also be regarded as Confucius Studies after the next school and the upper road.。

Strong execution power，Modernity conversion to promote the characteristics of Yangming's heart -learning。The problem of instability caused by the personalization of Yangming Xue，You can introduce public morality，Defining the Basic Guidelines for Conscience。This can not only continue to improve the conscience of individual moral cultivation、Reserve the personalization of conscience，You can also use the basic Gongdori and limited，Under the way to develop in the Bet365 lotto review direction of heart learning，The motivation to transform conscience into social practice and determination to overcome difficulties。Yangming Xue has a higher degree of acceptance in the people，Drawing Yangming Xue's experience in maintaining vitality，It can promote ecological construction of folk social ethics and grassroots society。

　(The author is a professor at the Institute of Religious Research of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)