When talking about the concept of "knowledge sociology"，We are actually discussing a reflection on "knowledge" itself。Knowledge sociology is the perspective and method of sociology to study the relationship between knowledge and society，Discuss the generation of knowledge、Social roots of development and dissemination and a discipline of the impact of knowledge on society，Its social role paradigm、Social Factor Formula、Social Knowledge Paradigm、Social language paradigm is the theoretical starting point or observation angle。Facts，Sociology of knowledge has become a part of social theory，It enriches the purpose of sociology in many ways。Limited to the understanding of knowledge sociology and the purpose of this article，We will focus on the traditional structural functional knowledge sociology in the visual field of the first two paradigms。

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The concept of "specification" in sociology，Not only does it specify the behavior of the character，It also stipulates the status of the character and the relationship between characters。Each character，All associated with a specific reference department。What does the reference affect people? bet365 Play online games The first is to establish the concept of the reference system; the second is to specify people's reasoning methods; the third is to determine the method of testing the truth of a certain subject。The importance of the reference system lies in，It can communicate an objective social structure with the subjective orientation of one of the specific characters。It can be said，The reference system determines the orientation system of social characters。So，Reference is the one on the one hand to the role of a person，On the other hand, take root in the social structure，support and control of social structure。For example，One person can think about problems in the way of a doctor，It means that he has internalized the doctor’s social role，At the same time, his department is located、Hospital, etc. help and maintain his reference system。Articles on the medical magazine he read，It is also the product of the editor based on the medical reference department。

Specialized phenomenon and knowledge uses a great relationship，Because knowledge is mainly in different forms、Different reference systems appear。People with different professional backgrounds have established their own different life meaning systems in modern society，If computer programming staff (we often call it "IT family") are considered special by the outside world。But in fact，This is an external manifestation Bet365 lotto review of the unique group specifications within their internal group。This is closely related to the socialization of professionalism。Professional socialization (part of the senior socialization)，refers to the process of transforming ordinary people into professionals，People's traditional emotions and thoughts will be broken by this process，Living in a professional environment，Accept the new hero model、Authority and self -identity。For example，University first enables students to learn new professional roles，Accept new identity。So，Professor of Law School keeps cautiously attitude towards students' choice of sociology，Because the reference department of sociology and law is different。

Professional socialization leads to professional cooperation on the basis of knowledge。Professional socialization process is mainly to learn some special reference system，Need to make precise definition、Strict training。In this process，The reference department of this major has undergone formal and informal control，This is the component of knowledge use。Of course，People often do not realize that this different spiritual world is specialized，Always think that the method of seeing the problem is exactly the same as yourself。But we cannot just describe their reference system in the subjective aspect，And describe how they "entered a certain social structure because Bet365 lotto review of the specific environment of every day"。That is to say，Human social existence (the social conditions he lives、The role and social relationship of the tenure) determine the people’s consciousness。

　　Social reality and knowledge system interoperability

The concept tool of knowledge analysis of knowledge sociology has the following three types。(1) Symbol symbol。Symbol symbol is an objective body，It means a certain meaning and concept，such as a "word"、Moral System。(2) Social culture。Social culture is the overall symbol in society，Organization and system related to knowledge is only part of the entire social structure。Sociology of knowledge is necessary to understand how they produce and exist in the overall social structure。(3) Social control。A question of knowledge about sociology is which social structure has maintained and strengthened some special reference system，How can the professional be maintained。The professional mentioned here，Including disciplines in the academic field、Professional field、Organization, etc.。These organizations all have the self -interest that maintains its continued existence，I hope to get more benefits。Although this is not a bad phenomenon，But it is also difficult to make it uns controlled by external forces。Robert Melton thinks，Science has become one of our most important social systems，and similar to other social systems，There is a unique set of social bet365 Play online games specifications formed by historical land -they constitute the scientific "spiritual atmosphere"。The "reward system" existing in the scientific community interacts with the "standard structure of the scientific community"，thus affecting the development of science。and Pierre Budier uses the perspective of "field"，More profoundly revealing the social mechanism and social structure of "how external ideology and other economic scientists have eroded the autonomy of social science through the research of social scientists，and vividly pointed out that intellectual molecules constitute a "dominant group in the dominant class"。

Social system of knowledge (professional activity related to knowledge，Storage of knowledge、allocation and application)，Especially for universities、The inspection of scientific research institutions is an inevitable extension of knowledge sociological research。The university is due，In essence, it should be a flexible and non -traditional institution，However, this is not the case，The reason is that it wants to convey cultural knowledge。A significant feature of traditional knowledge sociology，It lies in the relationship and experience orientation that cannot be cut with social policies。Since the emergence of social sciences，People have always wanted to use knowledge to influence social policies，But in the process of trying to influence modern bet365 best casino games power and important institutions，Social science itself may be affected by the power and financial resources owned by these institutions。So，What kind of academic evaluation system is the establishment of an academic evaluation system、Teaching and research system and discipline、Professional、The research system of cross -school science has also become the focus of knowledge sociological attention。

In short，Knowledge sociology has more than 100 years of history，But the production of knowledge and knowledge、Application of the application has just started，There are many problems worthy of our further reflection。Knowledge Sociology has broken through the restraint of the humanities and social disciplines，Start throwing the field of vision into a wider natural discipline、Edge Discipline，Start discussing power in a larger range、The relationship between culture and knowledge。This can respond to the postmodern trend of postmodern thoughts around the world，It can also promote the production of knowledge itself、Application and sublimation。

　(Author Unit: Research Center of Socialist Theoretical System System System System System System System System System System with Chinese Characteristics)