The core function of government governance is order function、Empowerment functions and innovative functions。In the West,The formation of the government governance system is closely related to the scientific and technological revolution。In the early stage of formation,The core functions of the Western government are more concentrated on order functions。In the early stages of modernization in the West,The classic form of the government is a small government。Western liberal political philosophy believes,The best government is the smallest government,In fact, this is a description of early government functions。Nochek、Hayek and other Western thinkers have highly praised this small government form。The early government was identified as a night guard,The main function it played is order function。
On the basis of the Second Industrial Revolution,Government's functions are more extended to empowerment function。The second industrial revolution is mainly the power revolution and internal combustion engine revolution。The power revolution promotes the expansion of the city's scale,The improvement of modern government functions is connected with urban management。The traffic revolution brought by the internal combustion engine enhances the government's control of the edge zone,Promoting the interaction of rural and cities。This makes the government have stronger taxation capabilities,so that a larger -scale government becomes possible。On the basis of industrialization,With the demand for all aspects of the material, further enhanced,People’s awareness of rights is also strengthening,Government's empowerment bet365 Play online games function becomes extremely necessary。Western developed countries generally generate welfare government,Reconstruction of the strong taxation ability to a certain extent to eliminate the relative rich and poor differentiation of society,Promoting the stability of society。The Government gradually became an important form of Western developed countries in the 1930s and 1940s。
A new round of information revolution affects the expansion of government innovation functions。After decades of development,By the end of the 1970s, some new problems will gradually be exposed,If the ability of excessive strong taxation makes government power continue to expand,too many government officials will lead to excessive taxation of the public。At this time,The neo -liberal movement represented by Mrs. Iscele and Reagan in the West came into being,The theory of the government is reflected as the new public management movement。This is closely related to the occurrence of the third industrial revolution (that is, the information revolution)。With the development of miniature computers and the arrival of the Internet era,Individuals become an important node for information,This feature is obviously different from the overall structure of the sectarian system during the period of the Great Government。The individual becomes more and more of the center of information,The flattening caused by this informatization supports the occurrence of the new public management movement。This makes another important function of the government -the innovative function is extremely important。Therefore,The improvement of the government governance system is based on order functions、Based on the combination of empowerment functions and innovative functions,The government governance system of Western developed countries after the 1980s was basically formed。
The Chinese government established a basic order system when the Chinese bet365 best casino games government was founded。At the same time,Under the concept of "serving the people",The Chinese government is also trying to build a new type of empowerment system。but,Due to the weaker economic foundation at that time at that time,The government cannot be without sufficient items,Full of power to the public。For example,Within a period of time after the founding of New China,The workers can enjoy a certain social benefits,and farmers' group rarely have the opportunity to enjoy these benefits。After reform and opening up,The activity of the market economy makes social products more and more abundant。Based on this,China can basically achieve food and clothing,and gradually move towards a well -off。Under the background of the gradual enrichment of public goods in the society,Social empowerment can be expanded。China is exempted from farmers' agricultural tax,Gradually establish a more complete social security system,If the unemployment relief system and the medical and health guarantee system。
Based on the further development of the government's empowerment function,The government still has to face the constantly emerging new public services。Therefore,Innovation function has gradually become an important driving force for the government to promote the quality of public services。From the beginning of the 21st century,Innovation has gradually become the core concept of the Chinese government's public services。Brief words,More than 40 years since the reform and opening up,The function of the Chinese government from order to empowerment to innovation,Gradually improve。The focus of the construction of government governance system has undergone important changes。Of course,China's government governance system still has further improvement of space。
Although the fourth industrial revolution has not yet fully expanded,But the bet365 Play online games keen observer seems to have felt the huge reconstruction effect brought by the intelligent revolution to the government governance system。In artificial intelligence、Based on the development of emerging technologies such as blockchain,Future government forms and workflows may change huge changes。For example,The government's approval process may face important adjustments on the basis of new technologies such as artificial intelligence。The government is currently preparing for this change,Work innovation such as "Run at most once" is all around these important changes。In artificial intelligence、Based on big data,The construction of smart cities has also become an important part of government governance。How to use algorithms and technology to promote the solution of government governance problems,This is a new proposition。
How will the formal government governance change in the future? For example,The communication method of the government and the public may have revolutionary changes。The traditional method is,The masses go to the administrative service window to handle transactions,And the "One Netcom Office" promoted in various places now,Make some people gradually get used to applying for related transactions with mobile applications。For example,Shanghai's "Applying" and the "Guangdong Province" in Guangdong has produced a widely positive effect in the promotion of several years。In the future, there may be more innovative ways to interact with the government。For example,The masses can interact with the government more conveniently through the smart speakers at home。When applying for an ID card and other related affairs,The masses can ask smart speakers,Where can I go to do it、What documents do you need to bring。The machine captures the needs of the masses through natural language processing technology (NLP),and this way of interaction seems to be bet365 Play online games more friendly and convenient for the masses。
It should be said,At present, China has gone at the forefront of the world in the construction and application of the digital government。On the one hand,Because of the huge market size and application advantage of China in the late industrial revolution (especially during the construction of the mobile Internet),This has made China a major progress in the mobile Internet field。On the basis of mobile payment,A large number of mobile applications in China are at the forefront of the world。On the other hand,This innovative behavior of an enterprise has affected the government to some extent。For example,Shanghai Big Data Center proposed it,"To make citizens enjoy public services like Taobao shopping",This is a new entrepreneur spirit for the digital era that affects the government。This innovative efforts will greatly promote the further improvement of the government governance system。
Current,China is at the forefront of the perfect government governance system。Especially Beijing、Shanghai、Shenzhen、Hangzhou and other cities are at the forefront of practice in digital government construction。and this innovation efforts have a close relationship with China's booming technology in recent years。Especially China's active market and application -oriented practice promotion,All provide a solid foundation for the innovation of government service innovation in this digital background。
But,Further improvement of the government governance system will face some new problems,It is mainly reflected in the following points。First,China's independent technology ability needs to be further emphasized。Because government work is increasingly based on big data、Artificial Intelligence and other new technologies,So the autonomy of science and technology ability、Controlled and secure will become important。If the core code or infrastructure of these technologies bet365 best casino games is completely in the hands of certain hegemonic countries in the West,Then the construction and prosperity of the digital government may be based on the "mirage"。Once some countries take "card necks" and other behaviors,It will cause major damage to the construction of digital government in China。
Second,Public services for the difficult people must provide sufficient relief channels。We must return to the person itself when relying on scientific and technological innovation to promote the construction of the government governance system,Can't allow technology to completely dominate this process。Technology is a means,instead of becoming a purpose。The basic original intention of the use of technology is,In order to enable the government to serve the people better。Therefore,Do not use technology for the use of technology,The application of the final technology will return to the person itself。When we vigorously promote the use of scientific and technological use and government governance innovation,It should be taken into account the difficult people。For example,The elderly are not sensitive to new technical means,So we must fully consider this when designing "One Netcom Office" and other innovative public services,Add some relief channels to the innovative public services,instead of making the people in difficulties feel a strong sense of deprivation in this process。
third,Government's technical dependence on platform -type enterprises must be gradually reduced。Due to the important achievements of the intelligent revolution, all rely on algorithms and computing power to support,In the future, platform companies will further form an advantage in algorithm and computing power,This will make the relationship between government and enterprises very delicate。For considerations and costs for efficiency and cost,Government needs to rely on platform -type enterprises to run huge bet365 Play online games digital facilities,But these giant digital facilities cannot be completely handed over to the enterprise to run,It is necessary to make an effective balance between the relationship between the government and the enterprise。
(Author Unit: Institute of Political Science, East China University of Political Science and Law)
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