According to statistics，Turing published "Computing Machines and Smart" in 1950 and proposed the Turing test of determining the intelligent computing machine intelligence，At least 10 disciplines、More than 400 scholars joined the philosophical discussion of Turing test。Turing interpretation since the 21st century has formed considerable ideological results，Generally speaking, there are two aspects: Classic interpretation focuses on machine intelligence problems，It will be regarded as a sufficient condition for intelligence through Turing test，Focus on the possibility of machine intelligence, etc. discussions; contemporary re -explanation is based on the concern of "people"，Questions about the consensus of the classic interpretation of Turing test，Transfer to the rules、cultural consequences、Value of thought history and other angles，Discover the contemporary value of Turing test。

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Classic interpretation interpret Turing test as a behavioralist test of machine intelligence。but，Turing test is just an initiative to develop machine intelligence，Still with feasible intelligent definition research plan，Classic interpretation did not reach an agreement。For example，Those who believe that Turing test only have the initiative value will be too vague according to the Turing test、Unable to achieve or stop making criticism。In short，Classic interpretation always discusses the core of the relationship between Turing test and machine intelligence.。

Under this，Discussion on some sub -problems is expanded，Among them, two of them are worthy bet365 live casino games of special attention: First, the possibility of experiments。If Danny believes that Turing test is difficult to complete for artificial intelligence，Frank, under the premise of admitting that the dialogue can prove the machine intelligence，Questioning the machine is impossible、​​Is it necessary to get the ability to dialogue。The second is the issue of ethical consequences。If the machine passes the Turing test，How should humans treat them ethical and legal。Most of the people who are interested in this problem are like Moravik、Technical optimists from Kuzwell and others，or the science fiction author who thinks of robot/artificial intelligence issues，As Asimov、Lem、Soye, etc., all have a masterpiece that reflect on this problem。other，Improved version of thought experiment of various Turing test，and the implementation version of the Turing test version of Lobina Test，It is also an important development of classic interpretation。It is not difficult to find，Although the classic interpretation is the focus of machine intelligence，But always takes people's intelligence、Language and ethical value as the background board for thinking problems，From yes，Classic Explanation of Thinking of Machine Intelligence，Affected by people's related issues。

　Imitation of people in the game

Different from the idea of ​​classic interpretation，The interpretation is directly started to care for people who imitate the game。Read through text，Resessing the Turing Test -People、People -Machine imitation of the unbalanced settings between games，Then two ways to enter from the reuse rules and cultural consequences。

The first way to enter is the re -explanation of imitating the rules of the game。This way notic in the control of variable control in the article "Computing Machine and Smart": There is no comparable Bet365 lotto review rate between men to imitate women and machines to imitate people。Based on this，Re -interpreters oppose the rules of the classic interpretation of the classic interpretation from two ideas。One，Ru Sai Ge、Stre、Blins Johns and Saijin and others think，Turing envision is to let men and machines imitate women at the same time，This can test the machine and men fairly: they are all imitating the object of "non -me"。Another interpretation proposed by Ginova is more radical，She believes that the Turing test is a gender guess game，Men imitate women，and the machine imitate men，The two show a opposite gender identity at the same time，As a Turing test becomes "Iron and jokes must have a typical gender performance for people"。

Classic interpretation obviously does not agree to interpret imitation games like this。Copland and Bover have spoken based on Turing's 1952 BBC radio show，It is pointed out that Turing is always interested in simulating the state of the brain with a virtual machine，And gender factors only occasionally appeared in the papers in 1950。Pizinini analyzes the wording habit of Turing，indicates that Turing distinguishes "people" and "men"，Therefore, there is no way to judge whether the machine is imitated by a machine or a man's ambiguity。

Although the rules interpretation of the road has a certain mandatory interpretation color，But its attention to gender factors reveals a blind spot of classic interpretation: even if it is only at the most basic level, the operability of the Turing test，Turing test will not be performed due to the lack of comparative foundation。It can be said，The contribution of the rules explained in the way is more about discovering this unbalanced ratio in Turing test，From this，Machine intelligence thinks more closely with others。

Article 2 to explain the cultural consequences of imitating the game，What is the cultural background Bet365 app download and influence of Turing test on people -machine problems。Including Hodgs、Many people including Hou Shida notice，Turing's more cunning covering the essential difference between people and machines。The logic of Turing is: Men imitate women，Different from machine imitation humans，Men will not become women because of successful imitation women，But the machine will have intelligence because of imitation of intelligence。

This，The insights of imitating the rules of the game brings corresponding cultural consequences: people think about machine intelligence，Also consider the state of the human mind、Physical existence and other problems; then，A virtual state between people -machines and essential physical differences are emphasized or ignored，Formed or aggressive or conservative explanatory ideas。An idea to explain the people -similar to the virtual state of the machine，Forming "post -human" culture that emphasizes human -machine symbiosis。Ru Hyrer thinks，Turing test masked the difference between people and machines，That is, the machine can naturally be divided into intangible virtual state machines and actual physical machines in actual existence，But the heart of a person — but it is difficult to divide the body; from this，Turing test opened the "post -human" era of common virtualization of human mind and machine mind。Another idea emphasizes the essential attributes of people，Highlight the physical differences between machines。Hodgs wrote，Intelligence is "ability to be displayed in the communication of discrete symbols"，and gender is a fact that does not change with the game results。Laiser has also carefully analyzed the position of the questioner in the Turing test，Point out to use imitation games as the boundary，The physical differences between people -machines are abolished bet365 live casino games in the game，Restore outside the game，But the establishment of the game must rely on people outside the game — the physical difference。Be careful，Although cultural consequences have different value orientations，But if they are not inspired by the people -in the organs，At least it also reflects the different orientation of the radical and conservative criticism of humanistic criticism in the contemporary era。

　　Thinking of the thought history of Turing test

The interpretation is also updated on the basis of the classic interpretation.。Classic interpretation thinks，The Turing Machine proposed by Turing in 1936，In theory, the physical implementation of the formalized calculation process is solved in theory，Draw a split line between the virtual state of the machine and the actual existence。The paper in 1950 further demonstrates that the machine is expected to realize human intelligence in virtual state，This is a classic conclusion of the Turing Test call and inspiring the study of artificial intelligence research。The interpretation of the meaning of the Turing test on artificial intelligence research on the one hand，On the other hand, with artificial intelligence as the background，Reflection of people's cognition and mental problems。

When the meaning of the Turing test to artificial intelligence，Then explain the Turing -based to understand the difference between people -machine differences，It is not so confident to propose Turing's research on strong artificial intelligence，"Call Study" Theory needs to be refined。For example, Laiser thinks，Turing has high expectations for forming a corresponding machine state in 1950 to form the corresponding machine status，But always insist on calculating the limitedity，The irresponsibleness of neurons and machine components，In 1951，Turing even gave up computer science。Similar，Lucas bet365 Play online games also thinks，Turing fully realizes the limitation of intellectual algorithm，Different from humans that can understand Gothic theorem，Computers collapsed in the face of over -limit and proved the upper limit that the machine algorithm intelligence can reach。and Chuqirand believes that Turing clearly pointed out the research direction of the neural network of artificial intelligence，The latter has been advocated in 1950，Write the machine program，Let it gradually gain and create an adult's intelligence。

Then explain the emphasis on the eyes of people's cognition and mental problems，Questions for forming in the field of cognitive science and spiritual philosophy。If Turing test and artificial intelligence were originally aimed at studying the computer to do "those things that human intelligence/soul can do"，So the idea of ​​flip，It is not difficult to understand artificial intelligence as a general intelligent scientific interpretation of intelligent problems。As Jamesky once advocated，The significance of people's response to cognitive science will pay more attention，The design of Turing's designs for understanding and smart universal models is the value that has not been valued。In the philosophy of mind，Functional doctrine with "Turing Machine" as a cognitive model，Try to treat the state of mind as a description of input and output，Then restore or cancel the mystery of the mind into a non -mind material。This，The function of the heart can be implemented outside the human brain。Although the doctrine of functionalism was suffered in Sel in the 1980s、Critical of Putnan and others，But it constitutes a strong explanation of human mental phenomena with the cognitive scientific computingist that treats the human brain as a computer.。From this，Turing test and artificial intelligence are not only bet365 best casino games to create a machine comparable to humans，And also takes a picture of human beings' own intelligence and mind。

70 years，Uninterrupted interpretation and argument of Turing test，Also give it strong vitality。If the classic interpretation of Turing test is still paying attention to the possibility of machine intelligence、Questions such as limit and ethical consequences，So the re -interpretation of the Turing test will focus on people。Thinking path along Turing，We can re -view the relationship between humans and machines in the intelligent machine era，This is the meaning of reading Turing in contemporary contemporary。

(Author Unit: School of Literature, Renmin University of China)