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Digital democracy is based on big data、Internet、A new type of democracy formed by new generations of science and technology such as artificial intelligence。In Western countries，The classic case of big data on democratic politics is to help Trump win in the 2016 election，and created a precedent for "Twitter Governing the Country" during the presidency。This also indicates，The impact of digital technology on democratic politics has complexity，It may even become a factor that hinders democratic politics。Therefore，To objectively evaluate the value and trend of digital democracy，Need to reflect on the origin of its development and the guidance behind it。

　　The origin of Western digital democracy

Digital democracy is not groundless，but a democratic mode based on classic democratic issues。In traditional democratic politics，Citizen knows the right to know the truth、Democratic and public opinion、Media and Democratic topics，All the original issues of digital democracy。In the book "On the Democracy of the United States"，Tocoke clearly pointed out，Democracy in the United States depends on geography、Legal system and politics people's sentiment。But if you want to sort，That is the geography not as good as the legal system，Legal system is not as good as the people。The traditional and ancient proposition of the people's sentiment，It is one of the sources of contemporary digital democracy。

Digital democracy uses digital technology to give democracy to democratic bet365 Play online games public opinion in new forms。In democratic politics，There must be information on information。From the aspect of citizen，Whether it is the citizen's acquisition of information、Discussion、Consultation，It is still the national information disclosure、Transparency、Sunshine Government Construction, etc.，Both are widely and directly related to democracy。From national aspect，Perception of the opinions and attitudes of citizens，Collection of online public opinion、Organize and deal with，It is the most important content of contemporary democratic politics。Enter the 21st century，Big Data、Internet、A new generation of information and communication technology such as artificial intelligence and other promotion，Provided new technical support for democracy。

According to the political system theory of American political scientist Iston，Western democracy can be regarded as a "input -processing -output" element.、Form the process of the system。Citizen input requirements and support for democracy，Democratic agencies form corresponding public products after processing; after accepting public products by citizens, new requirements and support，Re -enter to democratic agencies。This is continuously circulating to reciprocate。In this complex process，The information process is a very important link。Whether democracy can perceive the input of citizens very sharply，Comprehensive processing of this information，respond to citizen needs in time，Mainly in this process。In the traditional Western environment，This process is done by manual methods，For example, a large number bet365 best casino games of surveys、Collect public opinion, etc.，Its systematic ability is relatively limited。As the modern country becomes more and more complicated，These traditional democratic means are stretched。In this case，Like big data、Modern technology such as Internet and cloud computing is introduced into a political system，With greater application space，New forms of digital democracy are also derived。

　Technical orientation of Western Digital Democracy

From this，We see，Western digital democracy primarily and distinctive feature is digital technology -oriented。Digital democracy does not change the essence of democracy，But as the name suggests，It has changed the technical means driving democracy, especially the democratic information process。Digital democracy can directly obtain massive data from the Internet through the latest technology，It is used to drive the democratic process，Reorganization of the process of realizing democratic politics。From the collection of information、Treatment，To the output of the final democratic product，Digital democracy procedures are technology as the main driver。

On the one hand，No Internet，The public's public opinion will not be expressed through the network; no big data，These online public opinion can not be collected and processed; no artificial intelligence，These collection and processing network information will not reach the available high precision。These key technologies are complementary to digital democracy。With cloud computing、Big Data、The emergence of technologies such as artificial intelligence，The use of the Internet has also changed revolutionary changes。For example，Algorithms bet365 Play online games and computing power，neural network model，Machine learning, especially deep learning，Makes people have unprecedented processing capabilities in the face of massive Internet resources。Word2VEC developed by companies such as Google、tensorFlow、Bert and other models，Push human computing power to a new height。

On the other hand，New digital technology provides unprecedented possibilities for the key issues of democracy。Like big data public opinion monitoring、Application of actively collecting public opinion is becoming more and more popular，The country and the government can use new technologies to actively collect public opinion。This greatly changed the collection and processing process of public opinion and public opinion in the traditional environment，Fundamental changes in traditional democracy。What needs to be seen is，Big data is not as magical as people think。Many times，The accuracy and utility of big data are even just "approximate data"。

　Western Digital Democratic State -orientedUncertainty

When the scholar discusses national abilities，Some people value taxes，Someone values ​​military abilities，But a very important ability of modern country is the country’s information ability。The country’s information ability is to use the Internet、Big Data、Advanced technical means of artificial intelligence and other advanced technical means、Process of processing and responding to public opinion。Only collective public opinion，Comprehensive treatment of public opinion，Products output by democratic output are effective。The method of collecting public opinion in traditional government is very limited，bet365 Play online games But the development of modern information and communication technology has broken all this。Theoretically，Online public opinion will synchronize to all levels of the country，Breaking the limit of space。The ability to obtain this information is very strong。

In the development of digital democracy in the West，National orientation is not very significant at present，Is it a national orientation，Still a big company -oriented，Still in the development process，Not very clear。For big companies，Big data means revenue source，Big data is widely used in the business field，It is also the driving force for the development of big data。Therefore，Some large companies in the West have the information that neither the country and the government cannot master，They grasp the attitude towards citizens, especially citizens in terms of economic preferences，Already far beyond the country's ability。It can be said，They have the ability to use big data for digital democracy，It also often becomes the object of government cooperation。

The convenience of digital democracy provides a more realistic possibility for national orientation。Thorough digital democracy，Even no citizen and government dialogue，The government can know public opinion very clearly。This is actually actively using big data to collect public opinion，After the corresponding analysis，Quick response to public opinion。Citizens do not even need to participate in national affairs，The country knows his thoughts。This requires new requirements for the country's information capacity building，At the same time, it also means the reconstruction of democratic connotation。

　　Management orientation of Western Digital Democracy

National -oriented digital democracy，It will highlight management orientation。Based on digital democracy，Western countries directly realize "democracy" through various political tools and policy tools。In the real -time public opinion monitoring system，Democracy is no longer a process that citizen proactively submitted to the political system，Instead, a political system actively collects、The process of instant processing。It makes traditional democratic politics grand、Political Narration is decomposed into countless daily life、"Democratic" practice full of governance。

Under the leadership of technology，Digital democracy may also cause some hidden concerns。A algorithm lead may appear at the information processing level，or even algorithm autocracy。For data collection and processing，Algorithms need to be used as support behind，These algorithms determine which data have been collected，How to deal with it。This process is highly technical，It will bring a series of non -democratic problems。Another possible consequence is political polarization。Big data will identify user preferences more accurately，and push the corresponding information，This will produce an "information cocoon room" effect，Make citizens only accept some information he likes，Inherent ideology is constantly being strengthened，Gradually closed，Also more and more polarization。

People who are more optimistic about digital democracy will think，The future is here。Like Tesla's brain interface、Facebook's Yuan Universe, etc.，The impact of these new digital technologies bet365 best casino games on politics, especially democratic politics, is directly and realistic。But there is also a distance that cannot be ignored between scientific and technological progress and political practice。How big is the possibility of digital democracy，It takes time to test。

(The author is the vice president of the Chinese Political Society、Dean of the School of Political and Administration of Tianjin Normal University、Professor)