Studies on the Maritime Silk Road are one of the hotspots of the current academic research。"Hanshu · Geography" records an obstacle from Japan and South、Xu Wen、Hepu Jingdu Yuanguo、Yi Lu is not country、Li Li Guo、The route from the Gundu Lu Guo to Huangziguo，Explain in the Han Dynasty from Guangdong、routes from Guangxi to the Indian Ocean have been opened。"Historical Records" and "Hanshu" to drop，History of Chinese and foreign maritime traffic continuous books，According to these historical materials，History researchers are enough to outline the history of Chinese and foreign transportation after the Han Dynasty。The ancient book "Shan Hai Jing" preserves a rich and reliable historical material of ancient sea transportation，But it has always been regarded as an ancient witch book、Zhiqi Yuan，The ancient traffic historical materials in the book have never attracted the attention of the academic community。

"Shan Hai Jing" includes two parts: "Shan Jing" and "Hai Jing"，"Shan Jing" takes the mountain as the outline，Twenty -six mountains、Animals in more than 500 mountains、Plants、mineral、Drugs and other products，"Sea Bible" is prefaced by square，Describes domestic、Overseas、Many mountains and rivers in the Great Wilderness、Fang State and Divine Monster、Bird Beast、Myth, etc.，"Shan Jing" is a mountain museum，"Hai Jing" is an overseas nation。Records related to maritime traffic，It is mainly seen in the "Observatory"。"Diabi Scriptures" includes four articles in the "Southern Southern Sutra", "Old and Western Classics", "Domains and North Classics", "The East Classics of the Sea"，Records the Central Plains and its surrounding Fang Kingdom、Mountains bet365 Play online games and rivers。"Northern Classics" records northern geography，The second half of this article appears a series of Yellow Sea、Fang Kingdom of Bohai、Geographical name。

　　Gai Guo is in Juyan South，倭 North。倭 属。North Korea in Lieyang East，Haibei Shannan。Lieyang belongs to Yan。Lieno shoots in the sea、Hezhou Zhong。Gushuo is in the sea，belonging to Liegu shooting，Southwest，Mountain Ringzhi。The crab is in the sea。Lingyu Man Noodles，hands and foot，Fish Body，in the sea。Daji lives in the sea。Ming Group Yizhong。Penglai Mountain in the sea。The city of adults is in the sea。

In this text，Yan is the Yan Kingdom of the Zhou Dynasty，Started in thistle (now southwestern Beijing)，North Korea is today's Korean Peninsula，Penglai is today Penglai, Shandong。I know where these place names are，The place where several other place names are located, it is not difficult to see it。"Gai Guo is in Juyan South"，During the Warring States Period, the territory of the Yan Kingdom to the east to northwestern North Korea，Therefore, it is called Juyan。Gai Guo is in Yanguo，An ancient country near the Gatsu Plateau on the Korean Peninsula。"倭 属"，倭 Refers to Kyushu Island, Japan，Looking at the sea between Yan Guo and Kyushu Island，Yizuo water，So Cloud "倭 属"，"genus" refers to the part of the belonging，instead of belonging。"North Korea in Lieyang East，"column" as a list water，Also known as 洌 Water，That is, Datongjiang, Pyongyang, North Korea, Datongjiang，Lieyang may be the later Pyongyang。"Lieyang belongs to swallows"，It means that the territory of Yan Kingdom at that time had expanded to Datong River。"The aunt shot in the sea、Hezhou Zhong "，"River" is a special name of the Yellow River in the ancient book，"Sea、Hezhou "means that the sea is connected to the river，and Lieno shoots above the state of this water，The same as the Yellow River and near Bet365 lotto review the sea near the Yan Kingdom，Obviously Bohai，So，Lieno Shooting is the island in the Bohai Sea -Miao Islands。Miaojima Islands are listed in Bohaikou from south to north，Just connect the Liaodong Peninsula and the Shandong Peninsula，Since ancient。Because the temple Islands are arranged from north to south，Therefore, it is called "Lien Shot"。"Zhuangzi · Xiaoyaoyou" mentioned a fairy，"The skin is like ice and snow，淖 淖，Do not eat grain，Wind sucking and drinking dew。Take the cloud，Royal Flying Dragon，and swimming outside the four seas "。This fairy lives in "The Mountain of Shan Shun"，姑 姑 姑 姑，Because the temple island islands are located in the waves of Haoxiang tobacco，It is expected but not，Therefore, "姑 姑"。"Big Crab", "Lingyu", "Big Big"，All marine life in the Bohai Sea。"Ming Group Yizhong。Penglai Mountain in the sea。The city of adults is in the sea "，Ming Group Yi is a metropolis on the temple Island，Penglai Mountain is a mountain on the temple Island，The place name of today's Penglai comes from this，The city of adults is a market on the temple island。These three places are in the sea，But it should be not far from Penglai，It may be located in Nanchangshan Island, where the station in Changdao County, Shandong, today。

Visible，This paragraph of "North Classics"，Qi outline a departure from Kyushu Island, Japan，via the Korean Peninsula and Liaodong Peninsula，Then cross the Bohai Sea via the temple Island，Finally arrived at the maritime traffic line on the Shandong Peninsula。This route runs along the coast and islands all the way，and the direction of the warm current of the yellow sea in the ring of the yellow sea，Forms a natural Ringhai route that communicates Northeast Asia。Archaeologists on Miaojima Islands、Dalian Changshan Islands have discovered the cultural relics of Dawenkou culture and Longshan culture，Explain that as early as the Neolithic period，There are already boats on the temple Island Islands。

bet365 best casino games "Shan Hai Jing" records about Miaojima routes，Not only is it seen in the "North Classic of the Northern Classics"，"Dongshan Jing" in "Shan Jing" has more detailed records。"Dongshan Jing" records the mountain geography of the Shandong Peninsula，Among them, the third "East Sanxian Classic" records nine mountains，Nine Mountains arranged from north to south，Activalent Hu Zhishan、Qishan、Mountains of Hook、Mount Father's Mountain、Hushan Mountain、Menzi Mountain、Mountain of 跂、Mountain of Laurea、Mountain of Wulin。It is worth noting that，Scriptures say that these nine mountains are "water row"，Eight hundred miles from the corpse Hu Zhishan to the south is Qishan，Five hundred miles from Qishan to the south is the hook hook mountain ... These nine mountains are actually islands in the sea，The island of Miaojima Islands is located on the Bohaikou route.，The nine islands are the Jiushan of the "Eastern Three Classics"。The southernmost part of the southernmost part is called Wuyao Mountain，Ascend this mountain，"Nanwang Youhai，Dongwang Aoyu "。Youhai is Shaohai again，In the ancient book, refers to Laizhou Bay, northern Shandong，Tochigi is Fuki、Fusang，In the ancient book, the place where the oriental sunrise is in the ancient book，That is the east of the eastern end of the Shandong Peninsula。Except describing the distance between Nine Mountains、relative orientation，"Eastern Three Classics" also records animals on the mountain、Plants、Landform and water source (spring water)，The author of this book is very familiar with the geography of the temple Island。

"Hou Han Book · Dongyi Biography" called Fu Yu Guo "Famous Horse、Chiyu、Mink，Big Pearls like jujube "，挹 (Su Shen) "Out of Chiyu、Good Mink "，Dongwo Ju produced "Diaobu Fish Salt，Food in the Sea "，Mink refers to fur。"Yugong" said: "，Plucking right vermiculite enter the river。"" Tube · 揆 揆 "said:" Send、Skin of North Korea。bet365 Play online games "" It is from the Northeast、Bird Yi in North Korea、North Fa、Merchants of nations such as North Korea，Carrying animal skin with a boat (leather clothing、Wenpi) Come to Central Plains Trade。"The City of Adults in the Sea" mentioned in "North Classics"，Obviously a trading market in Penglai overseas。Because the Northeast nation is tall compared to the Central Plains nation，Therefore, it is called "adult"。"Shan Hai Jing" also records a "adult country"，Other pre -Qin literature mentioned adults、Long Man、Chang Di，Also refers to the giants from the Northeast。This "City of Adults" located near Penglai，It should be seen in the earliest free trade island。

Ancient Jiaodong is an important silk origin，"Yugong" said: "Lai Yi is making a herd，Jue 篚 檿。"The Jiaodong Peninsula belonged to Lai State during the Spring and Autumn Pencing，Laei is Jiaodong。檿 柞 柞，also known as Shan Sang，Silk silk is a silk silk。This record description，Jiaodong has produced silk silk since ancient times，柞 Sang as a special product of Laiyi，Since you can tribute to the court，Naturally, it can also be used for trade。Lubei Weifang area，The silkworm industry still exists，It has been listed as one of the national intangible cultural heritage projects。Ancient period，Merchants from the Northeast and Farters bring fur，Replace the silk，Silk Road, which forms a route around Northeast Asian route。The book of "Shan Hai Jing" is not later than the Warring States Period，The Northeast Asian trade route it records should be opened for a long time before the "Shan Hai Jing" mature，It should be said，This is a more old -fashioned maritime Silk Road than the Western Silk Road and the Southern Maritime Silk Road。

The navigator of the ancient East and North Asia did not stop in Penglai，This route continues to extend south along the Pacific West Bank。"The East Classic of the Nland" and "Southern Sutra" continues to continue the "North Classic of bet365 best casino games the North"，Mention a series of place names in the sea: Langya Terrace、Yuzhou、Cangwu、Han Yan、Shi Dove、辕、Huiji Mountain、瓯、Fujian、Three Sky Soning Mountain、Fanyu, etc.。Among these place names，Han Yan、Shi Dove、辕。瑘 瑘 is now Langya Terrace in the south of Qingdao，Here，Gou Jian has built the capital here，Qin Shihuang once sacrificed God here，Leave the famous Langya carved stone。Yuzhou、Cangwu is located in the current Lianyungang，Huiji Mountain is an island near Shaoxing, Zhejiang，It is likely to be today's Zhoushan Islands。瓯、Minjin is the abbreviation of Wenzhou and Fujian Province，But 瓯 in the book、Fujian is in the sea，Refers to Wenzhou today、Two islands on the coast of Fuzhou。Three Tianzi Shengshan is also in the sea，It is difficult to determine which islands refer to which islands，When it is an island on the coast of Zhejiang。Fan Yan is Panyu，Guangzhou ancient name Panyu，Qin Shihuang built Nanhai County，is Panyu as the capital。These records of "Domestic East Classics" and "Southern Sutra" indicate，This route starting from Northeast Asia continues southward through the southeast of the Shandong Peninsula，Passing Jiangsu、Zhejiang、Island on the coast of Fujian，Always extended to the coast of Guangdong，From the Yellow Sea、Bohai，East China，Finally enter South China Sea。

The records of the "Shan Hai Jing" also revealed the news from the further Nanyang and even the Indian Ocean。For example, the "Domestic Scriptures" said: "，Beihai，There is a national name of North Korea、Sky Poison，His people's water live，Number of Ren Ren。"Jin Dynasty Guo Yan Note:" North Korea，Jelang County also。Sky Poison，is Tianzhu Kingdom。"" Historical Records · Da Wan Biography "is called India" Poison Country "，"Body"，or "dry"，"Dry" "Sky"，It can be proved "Sky Poison" immediately "body poison"，is India。

Ancient period，For the bet365 best casino games sailing of sailing，There is no restrictions on borders and customs，The vast and long coastline and the islands of Star Luo will guide them to keep moving forward，At the end of the end of Tianya Haijiao route，The sailors of other ethnic groups continue to relay，Extend the route to the unknown coast and islands farther。In addition to our limited historical memory，Those ancient boats who are far away must have staged a magnificent navigation history in the broad global waters。"Shan Hai Jing" only remains only a drop in the sea of ​​navigation in the Western Pacific Coast，Turbal is so，These records are enough to indicate that the book "Shan Hai Jing" contains very precious ancient historical geography and traffic information，It needs further excavation and interpretation of the academic community。

(Author Unit: School of Literature, Beijing Language University)