How does the language of children grow? Breyar proposed "Language is the first lesson in life" in "Semantics Exploration" (1897)，Children have to imitate exercises after many months，With tenacious will，Only learned to language。From 2005，"Nanjing Language and Technology Team" tracking and examining individual development of infants and young children (13 months to 6 years)，It is also called "Children's Language Growth Studies"。

　　bet365 live casino games Craid development and theoretical methods

Only the gradual expansion of the daily conversation behavior based on children's language ability，can you examine the grand painting volume of its growth process，and the basic work is the tracking and collection of children's discourse。From 2005 to 2015，The Nanjing Language and Technology Team developed "Chinese Children (2-6 years old) daily session tracking coronom" in ten years.。First, persist in natural，Random recording in daily natural state。The second is to strive for continuity，Main objects have been tracked for several years。The recording library is 35442 minutes long，Divided into 18 sub -libraries。

​​Breakthroughs in the study of children's language depend on the change of theoretical methods。Since 2001，The author has proposed a series of views one after another，Gradually form a theoretical method with universal and operable。

The first is the overall linguistic theory，Including Xi Yiyuan Language Theory、Individual language growth theory、Semantic unified field and semantic grammar bet365 Play online games theory。Xi Yiyuan language theory is based on hierarchical element language theory，The word Yuan system of Xi Yiyuan language is composed of daily concepts formed by children's cognitive ability，The meta -sentence system of Xi Yiyuan language is composed of semantic sentence models formed by children's cognitive abilities。The theory of individual language growth theory propose the growth process of individual language can be relatively divided into the basis、Development and Expansion。Small language before 6 years old，18 years old can be called medium -sized language，After 19 years old, you can call large languages。Small language is undoubtedly the core of medium and large languages。The mystery of the language is hidden in this kernel。Semantic unified field and semantic grammar theory The essence of words is the convergence of semantics，The essence of the word shape is the marking of semantics，The essence of the sentence method is the structured of semantics。The task of semantic grammar is based on the excavation of righteousness and constructing the construct of the venue，Based on semantic extraction and semantic sentence abstraction as an outline，Gradually construct a semantic network。

The second is the theory of language acquisition ability，Including the construction of three aspects。1. Basic cognitive ability obtained by language，The basic cognitive ability obtained by individual language includes: the voice ability of symbols、The correlation ability of the symbol。From this derived category ability and standardization ability，Then master the ability to replace and extension。Mother tongue environment activates children's language gain，At the age of 3, he has mastered the language operation mechanism。2. Bet365 lotto review The granules of the image — structured and expression vocabulary — sentence method，In the process of governing language for children，On the one hand，Image of the event to express the event，With the development of cognition, it gradually disappears from the scene，Implement "image granification" or "expression word"; on the other hand，Relations between imagery，Gradually form a mode of expression based on semantic winding mechanism，Implement "image structure" or "expression syntax"。Development of children's language ability，It is manifested as the discrete and improvement of the elements of the event cognitive graph。3. The construction ability of individual semantics network，From 襁褓，Individuals gradually construct a semantic network based on individual cognition and community identity in the mother tongue environment，From kernel to extension，Then to the edge part。The hazy semantic semantic network hidden behind discourse behaviors，You can granify and model through the meta -language。

Third is the theory of the discourse expression mechanism，Including the following aspects。1. The expression mechanism based on cognitive experience -conceptual framework，People based on cognitive experience、Event pattern with cognitive strategy，Event -based graph、Form a conceptual framework with a modeling strategy，Based on the conceptual framework、The category of the synonym of the strategy composition with words，to form discourse expression。The conceptual framework is stable，The serial sequence of the words is available。Semantic Sentence Method Category is sorted based on verbal strategies。Based on the purpose of speaking，First mention a certain category bet365 best casino games of sentences，Then arrange other categories and markers，Forming syntax structure。2. The replacement mechanism of language symbols and context symbols，The information transmitted in language communication is relatively complete，means of information structure = language symbol+context symbol。In discourse behavior，The complementary nature of the two symbols is reflected as the inverse relationship。The development of children's language ability at the age of 2-3，The process of manifested as context symbols is gradually replaced with language symbols。3. Dialogue behavior link and instant expression mechanism，Any real sentence is a discourse behavior in the situation，Any discourse behavior can be parsed as "word -purpose — context -context -language — use -contentment -quicter effect" and a discourse sentence。Six links appear instantly，That is, the speaker activates semantic structure out of a specific motivation，Accompany the corresponding emotion at a specific site、With the corresponding strategy to achieve a specific effect，Finally speaking the discourse。Analysis method of discourse sentences can be developed according to the discourse behavior link。

Four is the analysis method of discourse ability，Including the following aspects。1. Structure of discourse sentences -functional classification。discourse ability includes discourse structure and discourse behavior ability，reflected as the type of discourse structure and discourse function type。The growth of children's discourse ability is the three major stages of connecting front and rear: solo -resignation structure -context functional sentence stage，focusing on imitation and tentative expression; bidding structure -special functional sentence Bet365 lotto review stage，focus on issuing subjective demands; complex structure -statement functional sentence stage，focusing on the objective description。communication demand and cognitive development promotes discourse behavioral ability to improve，Raiders' ability to promote the ability to promote discourse structure。2. Description of solo sentence。Independent sentences include Following Reading、Rectification、Questions、Ventures、Pray for the ambassador、Aid -voice、Answers、Instructions、Title、greeting、Herbittarius, etc.。3. Description of capable sentences。There are four main types of functional sentences。Suspected sentences include asking questions、Question、Doubtful sentence。Prayer sentences include prayer sentences、Prayer sentence、Prayer clause。Sentences include the sigh、Sensing sentence、Sensing sentence、Sigh first。诘 能 Including self -prison、Qiao Capture。4. Description of statement sentence。The statement sentence is divided into words — saying structure sentences and master -predicate sentences:。Talk -30、Explanation scope of 26，Matching framework in total in total。Lord -5，A total of 10 kinds of matching framework。

　　Research results of language growth in children

From 2007 to 2012, we completed 12 degree papers in the study of children's language research，Vocabulary statistics and semantic systems、Vocabulary Seminic Relationship、Famous nuclear structure、Metaphorical abilities、Theme and scene、discourse structure and discourse behavior efficiency, etc.。published "Self -Construction Ability to individual cognitive semantics networks", "Chinese child Xi Yuan language research", "two -year -old children" "giving" nuclear sentences bet365 Play online games for "giving" nuclear sentences "," Types and forming development trajectories of children's prayers " Waiting for articles。Published "Semantic Research on the Language of Three -year -old Children", "Semantic Research on the Language of Four -year -old children", "Research on the Research on Preschool Performance of Children"。The main result we envision is "Trilogy of Children's Language Growth"。The first "Growth of Children's Language: Construction of Common Vocabulary Symcial Network" (Science Press 2021)，Quantitative、fixed shape、qualitative、Comparison and verification process，Extra the common words of young children (628 years in the age of two years，1376 three years old，Four years old 1847，Five -year -old section 2227，2938 in six years) and construct a semantic system。Next, it is intended to complete the "Growth of Children's Language: Sorting Semisanial Structure and Category", "Growth of Children's Language: Discourse Structure and Discourse Function"。

Nanjing Language and Technology Team ’s children's language research has received social attention。As the first monograph that examines the vocabulary semantic system of children，"Growth of Children's Language: Construction of Common Vocabulary Synthetic Networks" can be used to guide children's language life、Writing children's readings、Reference for language rehabilitation training，It can also be studied for children's cognition、Psychological and communication activities for reference。"Chinese Children's Daily Symposium Tracking Critical Library" is a treasure，Except "Trilogy of Children's Language"，We also plan to compile "Chinese Children's Language Growth Dictionary"，The final theoretical monograph is "Children's Language Growth Science"bet365 live casino games 。As Li Yuming proposed，Children's language research cannot be just for theory，It's for children，For the parents and teachers of children，For the development and education of children。Children's language growth science will get greater development。

(Author Unit: School of Literature, Nanjing Normal University、Heilongjiang University's "Ministry of Education's Humanities and Social Sciences Key Research Base" Russian Literature and Cultural Research Center)