The China canal has its unique status in the history of the Canal of the World。The history of China's excavation canal is very long，It can be pushed to the ancient times of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties。The length of its extension line、span after time，Difficulties in the implementation of the project，It is unique in the world。Some scholars think，The canal runs through the north and south，Connecting ancient and modern，The canal culture accompanied by the canal as the carrier is an important part of Chinese traditional culture。Although it has a long history，But until the Song Dynasty，"Canal" is officially used。Data display，The term "canal" was first seen in Ouyang Xiu in the Song Dynasty、Song Qi and others "New Tang Book · Volume 36"，I have been used all the time after I have been used，Become a water conservancy、Regulatory words in the water transport industry。Before the Song Dynasty，There are many titles in the canal，Among them, it includes Desert、Ditch、Canal、River、Jiang、water, etc.。June 2014，The Dogha World Heritage Conference passed the "China Grand Canal" project，Because "the Grand Canal is the longest in the world、The oldest artificial waterway，It is also the largest before the industrial revolution、The most wide range of civil engineering projects，It promotes the unified jurisdiction of the South -South Materials Exchange and Territory of China，Reflect that the Chinese people are superb wisdom、Determination and courage，and the outstanding achievements in water conservancy technology and management capabilities in oriental civilization "。

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According to legend, the earliest canal in China is Tobabu in Wuxi。According to "Historical Records of Wu Tai Bo Shijia"，At the end of the 12th century BC，The eldest son of the Zhou tribal leader Taibei gives his brother to his brother，"Three Thousand Miles Road" from Chuyuan, Qishan to Meili (now Wuxi Mei Village)。"Toyo's Ben Jing Ban，Selfless sentence Bet365 lotto review Wu。Jing Manyi，So thousands of houses，Standing as Wu Tai Bo。"" ("Tai" Tong "Thai"，"Sentence" and "Hook") Tai Bo Xianliang Qinho，It is deeply supported by the local people，号，Become the first monarch of Gou Wu。Taber after hooking Wu Anton，Introduction of farming technology in the north。To further develop agriculture，Taiber leads the public to build water conservancy，"Boduhe River" connected to Taihu Caohe，That is Tabo Dead，Flowing Square、Meicun、Dangkou until Caohu，More than 40 kilometers in length，further promoted local agricultural development。

Document records about Taibeuandu，The earliest see "Taiping Huanyu Book" written in the history of the early Northern Song Dynasty: "Taibabu Dead。West Belt Official River，East Lian Fan Yudu，Enter Suzhou Realm。"" New Tang Book · Geography 5 "In Wuxi County:" There is Taibabulin in South Five Miles，East Lake Lake，Yi Yuan and Eighty -year Meng Jian opened。"The Southern Song" Xianchun Puling Zhi "records" Taibo Dudu is in Wuli, southeast of the county，West Pillow Canal East Dahu Lake，Meng Jian tasted the guidance，Sixty -seven miles of Guangli has two feet "。Yuan "Wuxi Zhi" records "This Desert begins with Taobo，So the drought and flood of the people，Min De Tai Bo，Therefore, it is named Qilin，to show not to forget。There is a Taibei Temple so far "。In the Ming Dynasty, Wang Yan said in "The Temple Monument": "Also test Taibei in Yibi，No city，Taste Jun Du，Cercent Cloud、Taibo、Mei Li、Suiqing Four Township，East Entering Lake，long eighty -seven miles，Guang Shi has two feet，That is the so -called Boadi today。"" Meridic "called Taibabu" Covering Farmland irrigation channels，The passage of Yuxi's exchanges also "。

Modern famous water conservancy expert Wu Tongju thinks，Taibeu is the oldest canal in China。After the founding of New China，Wuxi local governments organized many dredging and renovation of Tiberad for the organization，Today's Taber Dudu measures about 20 kilometers，There are a lot of entry and exit with previous records，Reflects the vicissitudes of Tabber's vicissitudes in thousands of years。

　　Lingqu: Pearl of the world's ancient water conservancy buildings

Lingqu is located in bet365 best casino games the Nanling Mountains in Xing'an County, Guangxi，Founded in the Qin Dynasty。It runs through the Yangtze River Water System and the Pearl River Water system，Forming a north -south water channel。Its excavation，Make Qin Shihuang unified Lingnan possible，Not only did it strengthen politics in the Central Plains and Lingnan region、Economy、Culture communication，It also plays a positive role in promoting national integration and consolidating the unity of the country。

Before the Qin Dynasty，Lingnan area was once known as "outer land"。"Huainanzi · Earth Training" record，219 BC，Qin Shihuang sent Tu Yan to lead the army to the south，But due to the complex terrain of Lingnan area，Not only mountain high -road insurance，and the river channel vertical and horizontal，Obstructing the offensive of the Qin Army in the south。217 BC，Qin Shihuang "The envoy of the envoys has no transfer to，Term of grain in the canal，Battle with Yue people "。The excavation of Lingqu，Not only did Qin Shihuang reunification，It has also greatly expanded China's land and sea，Lile the basic pattern of Chinese territory。

After the Lingqu was completed，Become an important business channel connecting Central Plains and Lingnan。With the opening of the Sui and Tang Dynasties，The merchant ship in the Lingnan area via the Lijiang River、Lingqu、Xiangjiang、Yangtze River、Da Canal can directly reach Changan。The Ming Dynasty Xu Xiake once recorded the scene of Lingqu's "Giant Scale" in the "Diary of Western Guangdong"。other，Lingqu also plays an important role of irrigation farmland，"Irrigation in the canal，Eli Bi people "(" Hou Han Book · Ma Support Biography ")。The beginning of the Tang Dynasty increased due to the continuous population of the population，Land is reclaimed in large quantities，The irrigation effect of Lingqu is increasingly prominent。Since excavation，The calendar dynasties attach great importance to the use and maintenance of Lingqu。In the 17th year of the Eastern Han Dynasty (41 years)，Malaysian aid Reinforcement Quest。Tang Jingzong's first year (825)，Observation to make Li Bo recover the spiritual canal。

The engineering design of Lingqu is complex and exquisite，Main projects bet365 best casino games include Synthica、size of size、steep door、Nanqu、Bei Qu、Qindi, etc.。Put the north and south canal after pouting，Establish a human -shaped water embankment。Among them, Nan can enter west to Lijiang，Beicu returns to Xiangjiang to the north。Due to the shallow water of the river、flow urgency、Beach steep，The ship's sailing is not smooth，Smart ancient craftsmen designed steep doors to adjust the water level。Tang Xiantong Nine years (868)，Guizhou defense makes Yu Mengwei a large -scale trimming of Lingqu，Add the steep door to eighteen weight，Make the supporting project more perfect。Four years of Jiayou in the Northern Song Dynasty (1059)，Lingqu is trimmed，Forms a "deep feet，Guang Ke two feet，The channel of the boat of the Fan Fan Qianhu "。The Zhou Dynasty went to the "Answers of the Ridge" Zeng Ji，"Enter a door per boat，，俟 "。Expert Zheng Liandi, an expert in contemporary water conservancy history, believes，The steep gate of Lingqu is the pioneer of the ship gate，It is the earliest shipbroken navigation project in the world。November 1986，The World Dam Commission inspects the aftermath of Lingqu，Called it "Pearl of the World Ancient Water Conservancy Buildings，The steep door is the father of the world ship gate "。Fan Wenlan is also amazed by this，I believe "there was such a smart project 2,000 years ago，known as Lingqu，Real names are consistent "。

　　Chinese Grand Canal as the World Heritage

The Chinese Grand Canal can be called the common historical memory of the Chinese nation。The Grand Canal began in the Spring and Autumn Period，Enthusiastic Sui、Tang、Song、yuan、Ming、Clear and perfect，Zhongguang in today，Communicate Qianqianqian River、Yangtze River、Huaihe River、Yellow River、Haihe five water system，For China's political and economic development、Unity of national integration、Social progress and cultural prosperity have made important contributions。

The Grand Canal of China is mainly from the Sui and Tang Grand Canal、The composition of the Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal，Full length of about 2700 km，Stretching 3,000 years，Can be called the Milestone of the World Canal。

The Sui and Bet365 lotto review Tang Dynasties Grand Canal。The Sui and Tang Dynasties Grand Canal was founded in the first year of the Emperor Sui Yang (605)。Emperor Sui Yang organized a large -scale excavation of the canal，It was inseparable from the special historical background at that time。Politically，The Sui Dynasty inherited the political system of the Northern Wei -Western Wei -Northern Zhou Dynasty，South Expedition Chen Chao before unified the whole country， The political foundation is not firm enough。Economically，After the Jin Dynasty, the clothing crown Nantu，The Economic Center moves south， Southern Society Stability、People are rich，Frequent war is still、A sharp contrast of the north where the people are separated。Docked the Sui and Tang Grand Canal，It can strengthen the rule of the south，It also continuously flows to the north，It is conducive to the stability of politics and society。After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, we continued to dredge the Grand Canal、Repair and excavation。The opening of the Sui and Tang Dynasties has created conditions for the unified political culture of the North and South，Maintaining a unified political situation。

Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal。Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal starts from Beijing，South to Hangzhou，flowing through Beijing、Hebei、Tianjin、Shandong、Jiangsu and six provinces and cities in Zhejiang，total length 1794 kilometers，is the longest artificial canal in the world。The Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal was built in the Yuan Dynasty。Yuan Dingdu Beijing，Political center to move north to the north，But the food that the state depends on the survival is still supplied by the south。Based on this，Yuan Shizu, Kublai Khan, presided over the Jeju River、Huitong River、Tonghui River, etc.，Eventually, the Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal of the Yuan Dynasty。After the entire line of the Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal，Canal from Jiangsu all the way north，Arrive in Beijing via Shandong，The voyage is shortened by about 900 km compared to the Sui and Tang Grand Canal。So far，The Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal in the modern sense is formed。

The Central Government of the Ming and Qing Dynasties attached importance to the transportation of the Grand Canal，Not only did it dredge and expand the Yuan Dynasty Grand Canal，also set up the Governor of Transport and Governor of the River，bet365 live casino games To strengthen the management of the Canal Yun and the Canal Water Conservancy。Through the governance and transformation of local governments of the past，The Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal perfectly played the role of the North and South Waterways。

East Zhejiang Canal。East Zhejiang Canal, also known as Hangzhou -Nuns Canal，Located in Zhejiang Province，"Shanyin House Waterway" that originated in the Spring and Autumn Vietnam Kingdom。After the hometown of the mountains and yin is excavated，Communicate the important place of the Vietnam Kingdom，Objectively achieved the spring and autumn hegemony of Yue Wang Gou Jian。During the Western Jin Dynasty, the West Section of the Canal in the East Zhejiang Province was the West Xing to Shaoxing City.，Later and Jianhu、Yao Jiang、Natural Waterway connecting Yongjiang。This artificial waterway，At the beginning, it is only used as farmland irrigation，Later, it was expanded to the main shipment。Jin to the Tang Dynasty，The shipping capacity of the canal in the East Zhejiang gradually grows，There is a record of the Tang and Central Tangs in the local chronicle to observe the record of Meng Jian's hosting the construction of the Yundao pond。In the Southern Song Dynasty, the East Zhejiang Canal entered the heyday。The East Zhejiang Canal has been prosperous in history，Not only does it play a role in irrigation and storage，The core functions of its shipping and transportation have also been played，Drive the prosperity and prosperity of the coastal cities。

other，Ningbo on the eastern section of the East Zhejiang Canal is the starting point of the Maritime Silk Road，Land Silk Road and Maritime Silk Road can be connected here，Not only strengthening the connection of the north and the south，It also played a promotion role for world cultural exchanges and economic development。

As the scholar said，Looking at the history of civilization for more than 5,000 years of China，The formation of the canal for the unified multi -nation -state of China、Development and consolidation，The integration and tolerance of different civilizations in the Chinese civilization domain，and the absorption and exchanges of Chinese civilizations and civilization in the bet365 best casino games territory play an irreplaceable role。September 2023，General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized during inspections in the Canal Cultural Park in the east of Zhejiang，The Grand Canal is the world's longest artificial canal，It is a very valuable cultural heritage。The Grand Canal Culture is an important part of the excellent traditional culture of China，It must be protected、Inheritance、Use up and down，Let the ancient Drust Canal River rejuvenate the new style。This important exposition has a very important strategic guidance value for the work of the Grand Canal in the new era。Protect the Grand Canal and its related canal culture，It is the deserved meaning of building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation。

　(The author is a special researcher at the Special Researcher at the Constitutional Construction Research Center of Chinese Traditional Culture and New Era)