Literature in the new period has always been reproduced with folk culture，and reflect it through a variety of paths and presentations。Therefore，From the theoretical perspective of folk culture to examine the creation of writers since the new era，It is a special entry point for us to know the changes in literary thought in the new era and the reorganization of creative resources。

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Western scholars from the perspective of anthropology and sociology，Discussion on "folk" to varying degrees。where，Anthropologist Robert Rydfield is based on the "urban" and "village" based on the binary society，Put forward the two concepts of "big tradition" and "small tradition"，Binary distinction of "classical culture" and "folk culture"。This theory was later regarded as an important theoretical source of the study of the history of Western human civilization，and then evolved into interconnected "elite culture" and "mass culture"。

The 1980s，Chinese scholar Zhong Jingwen pointed out，"The traditional culture of the Chinese nation can be divided into three kinds of dry flow"，that is, "upper culture", "middle -level culture" and "lower -level culture"。Among them, the "lower culture" is "created by the masses in long -term social life、Inherited and developed "folk culture，It includes "material culture、Spiritual culture and social organizations (such as family、Village and various forms of social groups) "。This perception of folk culture is from the perspective of social and cultural history，See folk culture as deep texture Bet365 app download of traditional culture，Then integrate it into the civilization process of human society。

The 1990s，Some scholars believe that the "folk" in the sense of literature mainly includes the following connotations: first, free and lively expression; second, the aesthetic style is relatively free; third, the cultural form is good and bad。This "folk" view of "folk"，detailed analysis of the connotation and extension of folk culture，and in the complex relationships of folk culture and social culture，Discover the potential connection and interaction of the two，is the expansion and advancement of the vision of folk cultural theory。

　　As a symbolic mother question intervention in literature creation

The main path of folk culture involved in the new period of literature，One is the cultural symbol as the field of art aesthetics，The second is the prototype of the prototype of the spiritual and cultural category。In literary works in the new era，Cultural symbols and aesthetic images symbolizing the spiritual and cultural memory of writers，Most of the environmental climate、Social Customs、Local language、symbols、folk legends、Traditional literary and artistic styles exist in the work。If a Tibetan writer Tashida is the background of Tibet's unique spiritual culture，Created Tibetan Trilogy "Tibet，The soul tied to the leather rope "" Sour sour days in summer "" Tibet，Hidden Years ", etc.。The "Charletla" in his pen as a unique religious symbol and cultural space，is the "Soul" that continues national beliefs and the ultimate pursuit，It is also the "root"。Writer Hong Ke has long been committed to Gobi、Writing in the border of the desert，In the novel "Karabi Storm"，He style the regional imagery symbol and create it，Combining the illusion of life consciousness with poetic language，Create bet365 live casino games a unique symbolic effect。

The thick land in Chen Zhongshi "White Deer Plain"、Loey Song Song in Lu Yao's works、Jia Pingwa's southern Shaanxi scenery，and the local writing of Gao Jianqun's "Last Trilogy"，A lot of ink of Qin Di's unique natural ecological civilization。The geographical and cultural environment they painted，condensed into a regional cultural symbol that represents Shaanxi。As for Yan Lianke's repeatedly appearing in the Mountain Range，Liu Zhenyun's "Hometown" series novels，Zhou Daxin’s "Small Basin", "Going out of the basin", etc.，Then He Luo Culture、Nanyang culture fully shows。The complex geographical environment of Shandong area，Breeding Ocean、Wild Wild、Qilu cultural space that integrates different cultural areas and other cultural areas，This is Zhang Wei、Mo Yan、You Fengwei and others' pen，All become the symbolization of the spiritual memory of the writer。

Primal Mother Questions as a spiritual and cultural category，It is another path for folk culture to intervene in the new period of literature。This kind of prototype of the source hidden in the history of human civilization，Frequent religious worship and maternal worship, presented。Religious worship from the ancient tribe's awe and belief in mysterious power，Provide the lofty and ritual sense of the spiritual source of folk culture、Practical moral advocacy color、The unconscious spiritual space of primitive human nature、Traditional thinking tradition of common living things，and the practical aesthetic taste of the unknown world。Ru Han Shaogong's novel "Daddy" uses Jitouzhai as a regional background that carries the mysterious cultural tradition of the Wuchu folk，、Sad fable story，Modern reflection on the ridiculous of human bet365 best casino games nature。Acheng's novel "Chess King"，Putting the Boxing consciousness of the Buddhist house、The spiritual realm of the Dao Dao、Clear Zen thoughts integrate into the foundation of folk culture，Make the work full of rich mysterious cultural colors。Alai's long novel "Dust Ding Ding"，Then through the Tibetan Tusi、Inheritor、Han wife、A series of characters such as poor slaves，A deeper impact of religious culture on the national psychological composition and thinking model。Chi Zijian's work "Right Bank River River River"，Relying on religious culture centered on Shamanism，Write the Ewenki Evans of the Heilongjiang Basin。

Maternal worship originated from the primer of genitals in the original civilization。In the value system of maternal worship, there is thinking about the original cultural quality of the folk classics，Therefore, it can expand the multiple spaces of folk culture，It also provides rich artistic materials for literary creation。Tie Ning's work "Mai Shi Ding" in "Reni"、tolerance、Large Daizhi Niang，Radiation with primitive mother sex light，The original myth of the mother of human origin。Wang Anyi's "Aunt" in "Little Baozhuang"，In the future, the love of motherhood will be placed in the conflict between urban civilization and rural culture，Become a special emotional force with communication and connection meaning。

　　Expressing aesthetic ideals through symbolizing reflection

The existence of folk culture in the new period of literature，You can from cultural resources、Cultural space and cultural factor three levels to observe。As a cultural resource，Folk culture in literary creation in the new era，Originally a manifestation of modernity reflection。For example, the "folk" as a cultural resource in the local writer's pen since the bet365 Play online games 1990s，Often used to explain their critical thinking on modern social civilization and ecological consciousness。Such as Zhou Daxin's novel "Lake and Mountain Color"，After telling the modern society's civilization and radiation village，"exchange" and fighting between folk culture and urban material concepts。In this cultural exchange，Ecological environment is paid at the price，Historical and cultural monuments are also defeated under the "invasion" of modern civilization。In the novel "Book of Life"，Li Peifu will raise folk culture to people、Education、Care，The survival needs of people in urban civilization、Material requirements、Eating spirit，Place in extreme opposition。In the contest with modern society，"Folk" is often regarded as the last pure land of human spiritual garden。

As a space scene，Folk culture in literary creation in the new era，Roughly there are three ways to express。One，The writer's real restoration of rural folk and urban folk; two，Follow the conflict between the cross -zone of rural folk and urban folk people;，symbolize the spiritual home of the writer。In the late 1980s，In the new period of the writer, a writing team written by urban people appeared，They are committed to reappearing the life situation of the early people in the early urban people，The realistic novels of Chi Li and others are examples。。In "Oh，Xiangxue，The first railway station by the closed village was repaired by Taiergou，Link the rural folk with external society。and Shi Tiesheng's work "My Farly Qingping Bay"，Combining the daily aesthetics of rural life with the natural aesthetics of regional scenery，Strokes with scattered culture，Dye dyed the original original hometown of Qingping Bay,。

As a cultural factor，bet365 live casino games Folk culture is deeply survived in national cultural character，It is mainly based on the "benevolent" and "righteous" view of Confucian culture、Ji Shi Spirit、Traditional cultural values ​​such as farming reading complexes。Tie Ning's short story "How far is it forever"，Construction of an ideal country that has been expelled from the edge or even nearly disappeared in modern society。True moral pursuit and outdated actual situation，It is the real portrait of the folk cultural factor as a "potential flow" in the real society。In the novel "Stupid Flower" of Tie Ning，Xiangxi for the whole life，retreat to the homeland of the country in order to pursue the ideal personality，Taking the septic field as the fate，Display the transformation of the spiritual spirit of the Confucian culture tradition to the cultivation complex。Chen Zhongshi's work in "White Deer Plain" in the folk cultural factor，It is undoubtedly due to the Confucian cultural character of "cultivating the heirs" and "help the world"。

New period literary creation based on folk cultural soil，Bypassing the traditional "Facebook" writing，is to review the world、Think about the important harvest of human nature。But at the same time，We should also see the limitations of this writing。One，The tolerance and openness of the spirit of folk cultural spirit，To a large extent, it is easy to dissolve the moral cultural system "yes" and "non -" judgment。Its two，New period literature that draws nutrients from folk culture，In the harvest and achievement of open source，It may also be caught in another kind of discourse space，Excessive reliance on folk customs and regional culture、Packing collage folk literature and other programs，Therefore, weaken its reality and bet365 Play online games ideology。In fact，In literary works，Folk cultural resources should be first manifested as a breath and spirit，instead of condolences used to embellish。Show folk cultural resources in a more open field，Make all kinds of positive、Positive cultural forces coexist symbiosis，is the reasonable culture of folk culture in contemporary literature、Healthy existence。

　(Author Unit: School of Literature, Yan'an University)