Literature and History Diversion has gradually become clear since the Tang Dynasty，But literature and history are always the tradition of Chinese culture and academics，penetration of each other、Dredit each other，You have me，I have you in me。History research focuses on literary brushwork，Literary creation has a strong historical background。Rich and vivid history in the Tang poetry，Many history is exactly the image of historical memory through the form of literary creation。

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"Liangzhou Ci"，Among them, there is a sentence "Spring Breeze Inspeal to Yumen Pass"。If we think from the perspective of the poet，The poet sees that after the Yangguan and Yumen Pass are far away from the homeland of the hometown of the Central Plains，Huangsha、Desert、So people are scarce，Boomedies that are no longer dreaming。But from the perspective of history，Can find at least three aspects of the scene: first，Yumen Pass、Inner and outside of Yangguan。Yumen Pass and Yangguan are two levels after Dunhuang，Yangguan on the south，Yumen Pass on the north，The poet's "Western Out of Yangguan" (Wang Wei "Weicheng Song") is good，"Spring Breeze Donise Yumen Pass"，All refers to the pass from the Mainland to the northwest desert。Yumen Pass and Yangguan Inside，It is the geological geological factor and landscape. There are two other worlds。2，Yumen Pass、The cultural environment inside and outside the Yangguan also has no heavens and earth，Guan is a regime dominated by the Han nationality and the Han people，characterized by the farming economy;，Is the oasis north and south of Tianshan and the vast pasture。third，We will think about after reading this poem，Whether the northwest outside Yumen Pass is a spring breeze、Huangsha Desert、The scarcity place for people to smoke? We are talking about Yumen Pass and Yangguan，Western Regions in the History Book，In fact, there is a splendid culture，Many nations，The Silk Road that runs through east to west is prominent in the history of Chinese and Western transportation，The Western Regions and the Central Plains always have close connections and communication。Seeing history with "History Eye"，Reading poems and jumping out of the poem，This will have a deeper understanding。

Liu Yuxi's "Old Wang Xietang Qianyan，Flying Bet365 app download into the Home of ordinary people "(" Wu Yi Lane ")，Expressing the giants Hanmen、Muchi grievances of the scholars 庶、Happy Love，It also revealed the social changes in the Middle Ages and the reorganization of the social class。

Wang Changling's "But the Dragon City Flying will be here，Do not teach Huma Du Yin Mountain "(" Out of the Plug ")，The scene is magnificent，Qi Charm is long，Not only the complex historical entanglement of the Central Plains dynasty and northern grassland nomadic peoples，advance and retreat from each other，It also describes the transitional line of the economic and geographical region of agricultural people and nomadic peoples for us。

The most ups and downs that can cause thoughts is Tang Xuanzong and Li Chen's "article is full of pedestrians，Director of Si Qing Yi Shi "(" Hanging White Juyi ")，Read this sentence every read，I can't help but hide the volume: Poems written by Bai Juyi mostly reflect the people's suffering and real life，There is also a history of the secret of the palace 闱、Relations to the Emperor's personal moral judgment。What kind of social atmosphere do these verses，Only causes its later generations to be so embarrassed and sad，Even the feelings and sentimental feelings?

The most reversed effect is Bai Juyi's "Fifty Hepi 缣 缣 一，缣 Go to Malay, there is no day "，Jump out of the historical limitations of the poet，We will touch the multi -faceted mirror of history; the most emotional is Li Bai’s "I am sad and Mingyue，Sui Jun until Yelangxi "，Sorrow、Mingyue、Qingfeng，It seems to be a common word commonly used in lyric poems，But our perspective can also have no affection，Instead, follow the footsteps of the poet travel。We can from "One Ride Red Concubine Laughs，No one knows is lychee "to think of the complete and fast traffic network that supports behind;，Sky Street Fighting Gong Qing Bone "，Feel his murderous and pride，But do you think there are still resentment and anger to reveal it，Do you think it is the long -accumulated resentment and turning into anger to make millions of people join the uprising?

Du Fu, who has the reputation of "Poetry Saint"，Poetry he created，The name of "History of Poetry"，It shows that Du Fu’s poems have become a testimony of history，Poetry and Shi Rong are integrated。Bai Juyi is known as "Poetry King"，It is because his poems have a strong actual care color，Women and children can recite。Many realist poets represented by Du Fu and Bai Juyi，Lead us with a large number of poems to unveil our bet365 Play online games fog，Temple of the Templar or closer to the truth of historical。

The Tang Dynasty was the golden age of poetry，But the poems of the previous life also have classic works，Poetry after the Tang Dynasty was also very developed，And after the Song Dynasty, the literati group is larger，The desire to create is stronger，Poetry and more poetry that are passed down，Why is the golden age of being respected as poetry in the Tang Dynasty? The literature of each era has its dominant form，The characteristics of the era and the form of peak。Song is considered to be the heyday of words，Yuan Qu's Yuanqu、miscellaneous drama，Novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties，These evolved literary forms occupy the mainstream、Leading position，and reach the peak，It also became the representative form of literature in that historical period。

　　The prosperity of Tang poetry and the golden age

Tang Dynasty poetry was developed and even called at least five aspects of the golden age。

First，After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty，Especially after Tang Taizong's ascendant，The emergence of the rule of Zhenguan has gradually restored the socio -economic recovery and developed，Social life order is also stable，Different forms of communication between people of all ethnic groups (mainly Central Plains and the North and the West、The interaction of the northwest nation)。After decades of development，The material foundation gradually strong，Du Fu's famous "Recalling the past" praises the scene of Tang Xuanzong's prosperous material rich。The development and prosperity of culture are based on the economic basis，Only in this way can we support a certain number of people who do not engage in production，These people can create spiritual products。Economic development and cultural prosperity may not be synchronized，But the prosperity of culture must be based on the economic basis。There is a certain degree of economic development，There is a relatively stable social environment，There are unified countries and many nations，Inject fresh blood from different nations，Economics of various ethnic groups、Frequent communication between culture，Material life is richer，Only if there are conditions to generate a large number of poets、Writers; the vision of these people、Emotions will gradually expand，Its works are not only broad themes、Diverse forms，and the style of poetry is mostly healthy、Simple、thick、majestic，Full of the spirit of the times。So，Political stability，Bet365 lotto review Economic development，Frequent communication in all aspects，It is a large number of poets、One of the reasons for the prosperity of Tang poetry。

2，Due to economic development，Formation of the citizen class，The goalkeeper's family decline，A large number of small and medium landlords appear，The political atmosphere is relatively loose，The wind of the door is also a lot of decline，The middle and lower class will show a more free and lively spirit。Liters and poets come from all levels of society，They will reflect a more closer to life、closer to your own lively spirit。Literature is therefore moving from the semi -expensive court style to the folk，getting closer and closer to the public，Poetry becomes a more unrestrained、Free literary expression form，and love by the general public、Singing、Recitation。Therefore, ordinary people are stimulated to have rich creative passion，There are a large number of writers emerging，This is an extension of the changes in the social class，It also expands the group of literati，The entire literary creation is from nobles、Half aristocratic to the folk、Volkswagen，So many poetry reads all the time。

third，System Questions。Directors of the Tang Dynasty、School system，Make a large number of ordinary children get education opportunities。Although the number of people admitted by the imperialism system of the Tang Dynasty is very small，The school did not popularize at the time，But the imperial examination system and the school system are guided systems，It is advocated vigorously。and the imperial examination、The leading spirit of the school and its representative，It is necessary to improve the cultural literacy of the entire society，Strengthen the possibility of everyone accepting knowledge，Make the group of intellectuals continuously expand。The Tang Dynasty added Poetry Fu in the exam of Jinshi，Poetry Fu is also called miscellaneous text。Poetry Fu entering the imperial examination is of course the driving of the atmosphere，It also reflects social fashion，and society's respect for poetry，People usually think that poetry fu can best reflect the talent of literati。At the same time，The poet needs to be poetry to take the imperial examination。But the imperial examinations include poetry in it，Have a dual effect，On the one hand，It brought a driving force to the development of Tang Shi，indeed reflects the form of literary talent that the society and literati Bet365 lotto review were respecting at that time; on the other hand,，Poetry entered the imperial examination test and further expanded the development space of Tang poetry，Make it more widely of actual needs。

Fourth，The Tang Dynasty poetry is the result of inheriting the excellent heritage of the previous generation of literature，It is also a leap on the basis of inheritance。The folk songs of the folk at that time had become mature，The heritage inherited by the poets of the Tang Dynasty was on the one hand, the lyrics of Yuefu and the Tang Dynasty folk songs，But can introduce new，Step by step; on the other hand, five -character poems and seven -character poems，Especially in the form of seven -character poetry and voices, it has developed a considerable development when it comes to the Southern Dynasties，Later, it became a skill and form。The skills and forms of the five -character poems and seven -character poems were inherited and developed by the Tang Dynasty poets，Inject new content，and make it very mature in content and form、Perfect works。In addition, the advantages of 骈 are also absorbed into poetry，So from the perspective of literary development，The Tang Dynasty absorbed the excellent heritage of the previous generation，There are development and innovation。

Fifth，What is worthy of attracting attention is that the development of the city has promoted the enduring prosperity of poetry。The so -called city development，The development of the capital is the most typical meaning。Capital Population Concentration，Become the center of politics、Economic Center，The continuous increase in population has become an important trend。The number of flowing population continues to increase，The liquidity is also increasingly frequent。The political center of the capital city，Decided that the imperial examination system was held in the capital。Another selection system is also held in the capital。The imperial examination system must solve the problem of identity，That is the problem of birth。The scholar has a jinshi identity after the imperial examination and the first，You can be an official。Election is a selection test that you need to take after you have an official。Election test objects except those who have official status，It also includes several types of people。If someone has done a county official，Four years of office is full，Need to be selected，Go to the central government to participate in selection，Election test hosted by the Ministry of Officials，Then according to the comprehensive situation，Bet365 app download Decide what officer the next office，Is promoted，Still flat，or continue to be selected，Some may wait for ten years。The transportation at that time was gradually convenient and developed，Make many literati and scholars gather in Beijing，They have a rich travel experience，or participate in the imperial examination，or participate in the election，There are also those who voted for relatives and friends，In short，No certain economic strength cannot stay in Beijing for a long time。After coming to Beijing，They will have a lot of party activities，The time of the party will also be a lot。For example, take the imperial examination，Admitted dozens of times a year，A large number of candidates gathered in Beijing，Repeat the test for the year，These literati、Shizi frequent gatherings entertainment，Drink、Poetry、Singing and getting along、Show the work，Weishi becomes windy。In this way, a large number of poetry works have emerged，Leave us countless beautiful poems，It also expanded infinite space for us to learn history and understand history，even enable future generations to walk from poetry into history。

　Poetry also carries the way

There are many poets in the Tang Dynasty，Nearly 50,000 poems included in a "Tang Poems"，probably only a small proportion，More poems are drowned in the long river of history。Later generations have done supplementary relics, etc.，It also found the lost Tang poem in the Dunhuang literature。Can be passed on for thousands of years and become the world、Time、Essays praised by future generations、Remember，Most of them are poems we often recite today。

When we appreciate and recite Tang poetry，It will be due to beautiful words、Deep artistic conception、Rich feelings and intoxicated.。Poetry often works for current affairs，Behind the poet expresses ambitions and ideals，There is a specific background and actual care infiltration，Therefore, you can provide a lot of important information and precious information。Poet travels mountain calendar，Appreciate the beautiful mountains and rivers，We can feel the historical geography at that time、Humanistic scenes and human feelings; the poet is sent to ushered in、Remuneral Singing Response，The historical facts we can infiltrate in the words、Scene of interpersonal communication。

Different types of poetry，such as a party、Singing and work during the banquet，You can use this to see things、咏 lyrical，The thought Bet365 app download of the poet。But the poet's divergent thinking after the writing has a wider background of the times。When studying and studying history，Appreciating the angle of Tang Shi is not the same as literature。Literary research pays more attention to creation、Ci -sentence、feelings，But historical research pays more attention to finding information in the verses，Understand and re -interpret the history of the poem。

Poets generally exist in the limitations of the limitation and subjective understanding of the times，Need to go deep into poetry and be able to surpass poetry。The actual care of the poet may not be able to see the general trend of history at the time，This is caused by the limitations of history and the times，But if the poet lacks real care，It also lacks the "historical eye" we can capture。

It is the so -called literary memory for historical image，That is, there is no lack of poetry in history，Poetry contains history。Text to carry the way，In fact, poems are also text，can also carry the way。

(This article is the Study of the National Social Science Fund key project "Research on the Five Dynasties of the Sui and Tang Dynasties" (18AZS006) staged results)

(Author Unit: College of History of Beijing Normal University)