A hundred years is just a blink in the long history，But the hundred years from 1921 to 2021 is an epoch-making and magnificent chapter in the history of Chinese literary development。Not just writers，The works are as vast as the vast sea，And it reflects the great turning point in the development of Chinese bet365 champions league，New bet365 champions league with modernity entered the literary world and achieved brilliant achievements。And this era is coming，Fundamentally，It is because the Chinese people are under the leadership of the Communist Party of China，Achieved the transformation from a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society to a socialist society。The birth of new bet365 champions league is even more related to the birth of the Communist Party of China，With Chen Duxiu, the founder of the Communist Party of China、The new culture advocated by Li Dazhao and others、Closely related to the New bet365 champions league Movement。

　　The birth of new bet365 champions league and the founder of the Communist Party of China

From ancient mythology、Historical legend、Book of Songs、Chu Ci to Tang Poetry、Song Ci、Yuan dramas and Ming and Qing novels，Chinese bet365 champions league has a history of more than three thousand years。The innovation of Chinese bet365 champions league over the past century，Although it started with Liang Qichao's advocacy of "revolution in the novel world", "revolution in the poetry world" and reform of opera，But the results are relatively limited。Really making big waves，Destroy the fortress of old bet365 champions league with overwhelming force，It was the new culture launched by Chen Duxiu and others that opened up the mighty channel for new bet365 champions league、New bet365 champions league Movement。

1915，Chen Duxiu founded "Youth Magazine" in Shanghai，Later renamed "New Youth"。1917，"New Youth" moved to Peking University，Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao、Hu Shi、Qian Xuantong、Lu Xun and others worked together to spread the new trends of thought at that time，Promote "literary revolution"，Influence，The New Culture Movement soon spread across the country。“Literary Revolution” is an important part of the New Culture Movement。1917，After "New Youth" published Hu Shi's "A Brief Discussion on Literary Reform"，Chen Duxiu wrote "On Literary Revolution"，State a clearer and firmer stance on literary revolution。The article proposes "three major doctrines": "It is called overthrowing the flattering aristocratic bet365 champions league，Building accessible and lyrical national bet365 champions league；To overthrow the stale and extravagant classical bet365 champions league，Building fresh and honest realistic bet365 champions league；It is said to overthrow the obscure and difficult mountain and forest bet365 champions league，Constructing clear and popular social bet365 champions league。”Chen Duxiu’s understanding of the content, form and objects of bet365 champions league、Reading object，All put forward clear calls for innovation，And get immediate responses from other new culture pioneers，Laid the foundation for the formation of new literary concepts and the development of creation。

　1916，Li Dazhao said in the article "The Mission of Morning Bell": "The birth of new civilization，There must be new bet365 champions league and art that will take the lead...and then everyone will fall asleep，Based on it。"Later, he and Mao Zedong successively promoted the slogan of "civilian bet365 champions league"。As the outpost and center of the New Culture Movement，"New Youth" is the cradle of new bet365 champions league。It published Hu Shi successively、Liu Bannong’s vernacular poems and Lu Xun’s first vernacular novel “A Madman’s Diary”，In Volume 4, No. 4, 1918, the column "Reflections" was also launched，marks the birth of modern essays。Volume 6, No. 3, 1919 published Hu Shi’s one-act play "Lifetime Events"，Announced the anchoring of Chinese drama creation。The "Weekly Review" founded by Chen Duxiu and others at the end of 1918 and other newspapers and periodicals that responded to the literary revolution，They are all dedicated to criticizing feudal culture and old bet365 champions league，Promote new bet365 champions league，And translate foreign literary works，Introduction to foreign literary trends。So，Despite opposition from the old guard，The influence of the literary revolution is expanding。With the Creation Society、Literary Research Association、The establishment of new literary groups such as Crescent Society，The development of new bet365 champions league is unstoppable，To old bet365 champions league that was popular at the time，Including shady school and mandarin duck and butterfly school novels constitute a huge impact，Prompt their exit or transformation。From now on，New bet365 champions league has gradually become the mainstream of Chinese bet365 champions league over the past century，Replaced the orthodox status of classical Chinese bet365 champions league。

　　The Communist Party of China and the Development of New bet365 champions league

Over the past hundred years，Every stage of the development of new bet365 champions league is closely related to the leadership of the Communist Party of China。

From the May Fourth Literary Revolution to "revolutionary bet365 champions league" and the rise of various literary schools，It is the beginning stage of new bet365 champions league，That is, the transition period from old bet365 champions league to new bet365 champions league。

In the May Fourth New Culture Movement，The introduction of Marxism and the awakening of the working class，Prepared the ideological and class foundation for the establishment of the Communist Party of China。After the founding of the Communist Party of China in 1921，Not only attaches great importance to cultural leadership，And advocate with his own theory，Promoted the rise of "revolutionary bet365 champions league"。

　1920s，Modern New Novels、New poetry、The rapid development of new dramas，Works from various genres have appeared on the stage。Early 20s，To guide the development of bet365 champions league，Li Dazhao、Deng Zhongxia、Xiao Chunu、Yun Daiying、Qu Qiubai、Shen Zemin、Mao Dun and other Communists use historical materialism and reflection theory，Discuss literary and artistic issues。Xiao Chunu’s article "Art and Life" emphasizes that "art is a reflection of life"。Shen Zemin’s article "bet365 champions league and Revolutionary bet365 champions league" advocates that poets should be revolutionaries，Should go deep into the lives of workers and farmers。The article "On Proletarian Art" compiled by Mao Dun not only analyzes the history of European bet365 champions league from the perspective of class theory，Evaluate the important writers of the Soviet Union at that time，Also defines proletarian art，Elucidates the process of literary and artistic creation and the relationship between the content and form of bet365 champions league and art。

　1920s，Zheng Zhenduo, a literary research association, appeared in the literary world、Ye Shaojun、The "realism for life" advocated by Shen Yanbing and others，Creation Society Guo Moruo、Yu Dafu and others value the romanticism of self-expression，Xu Zhimo of Xinyue Society、Wen Yiduo、The aesthetic tendency advocated by Liang Shiqiu and others，Bing Xin’s social issue novels、Novel about the fate of women such as Lu Yin and Ding Ling、Native novels by Shen Congwen and others and new sensory novels by Mu Shiying and others，There are also the symbolism of Li Jinfa and others、Modernist poetry。These all reflect the various trends of thought in new bet365 champions league and the trends of various artistic pursuits。And after 1925，Jiang Guangci’s novels such as "Young Wanderers" and "Shorts Party"，Poems of people from Taiyang Society、Drama，Yin Fu’s poem，Ding Ling’s novella "Wei Hu"，Mao Dun's full-length trilogy "Disillusionment", "Shake", "Pursuit" and Ye Zi、The works of Rou Shi and others mark the rise of revolutionary bet365 champions league。These works set a precedent for later left-wing bet365 champions league。To 1930，New bet365 champions league has gained a firm foothold。

1930 to 1949，From left-wing bet365 champions league、Anti-Japanese War bet365 champions league to Liberated Area bet365 champions league，Revolutionary bet365 champions league reaches its climax。

1930，The Chinese Left-wing Writers Alliance was established under the leadership of the Communist Party of China，The rapid development of left-wing bet365 champions league。"The Roaring Land" by Jiang Guangci、"Light is Before Us" by Hu Yepin、"Mother of a Slave" by Rou Shi、Novel with revolutionary tendencies such as Ding Ling's "Shanghai in the Spring of 1930" and subsequent works such as "Water" and "Tian Jiachong" by Ding Ling all describe the revolutionary struggles of workers and peasants。Mao Dun's "Lin's Shop", "Spring Silkworms" and "Midnight" write about "January 28" after the Songhu Anti-Japanese War，Japanese imperialist aggression bankrupted different strata in our country’s rural and urban areas。"The Field of Life and Death" by Xiao Hong、Xiao Jun's "August Village" marks the rise of the Northeast anti-Japanese writers。And the Chinese Poetry Society and Ai Qing、Zang Kejia、Poets such as Tian Jian made outstanding contributions to anti-war poetry。

As Qu Qiubai said，Lu Xun experienced “from evolution theory to class theory，From a traitor to the gentry class to a true friend of the proletariat and the working people，The mental journey of a warrior。Lu Xun studied many Marxist literary and artistic theoretical works，Making outstanding contributions to the dissemination of Marxist literary and artistic theories。In addition，Feng Xuefeng、Marxist literary and art theory critics such as Hu Feng and Zhou Yang also spread Marxist literary and art views in the 1930s、Efforts have been made to promote the development of left-wing bet365 champions league。

After the outbreak of the all-out war，The battlefield service troupe and anti-Japanese performance troupe from the literary and artistic circles traveled to the front and rear，Poetry、There are many works reflecting the Anti-Japanese War in dramas and reportages。Due to the constant communication of Communist Party member Yang Hansheng，The All-China Literary and Art Circles Anti-Enemy Association was established in 1938，Promoted the unity of the literary and art circles to resist Japan，The Anti-Japanese War theme became the mainstream of bet365 champions league during this period。In the rear area，Lao She from "Camel Xiangzi" to "Four Generations Under One Roof"、Ba Jin from "The Torrent Trilogy" to "Fire"、Lu Ling's "The Rich Man's Sons and Daughters" marks the novel's shift from a protest against the old society to a description of the torrent of the Anti-Japanese War。

May 1942，Mao Zedong's "Speech at the Yan'an Forum on bet365 champions league and Art" summarizes the literary and artistic views since the "May Fourth Movement"，Reflects the combination of Marxist literary theory and Chinese revolutionary literary and artistic practice，Points out the way forward for the development of people’s bet365 champions league and art。Zhao Shuli's "Li Youcai's Banal Talk" and "The Changes of Lijiazhuang" appeared successively in the anti-Japanese base area，and Ding Ling、Ouyang Shan、Sun Li and other works describing the anti-Japanese front lines in northern Shaanxi and Shanxi and Hebei，And nationalize the novel、Remarkable achievements in popularization。"Yellow River Cantata" written by Guang Weiran，Sung all over the country，The opera "The White-Haired Girl" by He Jingzhi and others became an important work in the People's War that inspired the soldiers on the front and rear and the people to win。Drama aspect，Guo Moruo's "Qu Yuan" which describes history、"The Death of Li Xiucheng" by Yang Hansheng、A Ying's "Blue Blood Flower" and Tian Han's "Beautiful People" which reflect reality、Cao Yu's "Thunderstorm"、Xia Yan's "Under the Eaves of Shanghai"、"Wukui Bridge" by Hong Shen、"Returning on a Snowy Night" by Wu Zuguang、Chen Baichen's "Promotion Picture" and other masterpieces。Reportage inspired and mobilized the people to fight in the War of Resistance Against Japan and the War of Liberation，Play an irreplaceable role。Zhang Henshui, who was once a mandarin duck and butterfly sect, also wrote many works reflecting the anti-Japanese war、A novel that promotes the national spirit。

It can be said，New bet365 champions league and national destiny in the 1930s and 1940s、The survival of the country is closely linked。Many works widely reflect the life scenes and sufferings of people from all walks of life in our country during the historical turmoil at that time。The literary trend of this period is inseparable from the leadership and literary ideas of the Communist Party of China。

From 1949 to 1977，Chinese bet365 champions league moves towards a new realm。

This period，Reflecting the history of the people’s revolution、Praise to socialist transformation and construction，Become the basic theme of literary creation。The combination of revolutionary realism and romanticism became the main artistic tendency。"March into Difficulties" and "To Young Citizens" by Guo Xiaochuan，"Singing Loudly", "Back to Yan'an" and "Lei Feng's Song" by He Jingzhi，Wen Jie、Li Ji、Zhang Zhimin、Li Ying、Many poems by Gong Liu and others are popular works。Wang Meng emerged in the creation of short stories、李凖、Ru Zhijuan、A large number of bet365 champions league writers such as Jun Qing，The field of novels produced Sun Li's "The First Chronicles of Storm"、"Defending Yan'an" by Du Pengcheng、Wu Qiang’s "Red Sun"、Liang Bin's "Red Flag Book"、"Lin Hai Xue Yuan" by Qu Bo、Yang Mo’s "Song of Youth"、Liu Qing's "History of Entrepreneurship"、Zhou Libo's "Great Changes in Mountains and Villages"、Ai Wu's "Steel Tempered into Steel"、Luo Guangbin and Yang Yiyan’s "Red Rock" and other outstanding works known as "red classics"。Confidence、High-spirited、Bright tones became the style of the novel at that time。"Cai Wenji" by Guo Moruo in drama、"Guan Hanqing" and "Princess Wencheng" by Tian Han、Cao Yu's "Bright Sky" and "Courage of the Sword" also show the colorful creation。Yang Shuo emerged in the field of prose and reportage、Liu Baiyu、Cao Jinghua、Qin Mu、Wu Boxiao and many other famous artists。

From 1978 to 2021，The more than 40 years since the reform and opening up have been a stage of prosperity and development for our country’s bet365 champions league。

More than 40 years of reform and opening up，There are many writers in my country’s literary world，Newcomers emerge in large numbers，Creative theme、Topic、Form、A great situation with diverse styles。Prosperity in novel creation，Take a long story as an example，The number of creations ranged from dozens of films in 1977 to more than 5,000 films in 2016，More than 10,000 copies will be released later，It’s an unprecedented event。This is in line with the Communist Party of China’s insistence on reform and opening up and the ideological emancipation of the literary and art circles，bet365 champions league and art are inseparable from the multiple social functions they play。Although under market economy conditions，There is an entertainment tendency and impetuous mood in the literary world，But the achievements in literary creation are obvious to all。Many novelists won the Mao Dun bet365 champions league Award、Lu Xun bet365 champions league Award、Jianma Literary Award and other national awards，There are also many novelists who have won various international awards，If Mo Yan wins the Nobel Prize for bet365 champions league、Liu Cixin won the Hugo Award、Cao Wenxuan won the International Andersen Award, etc.。

This period，There are new developments in various literary genres，Youth novel、Children’s novel、Historical novels have achieved great results。After the rise of Internet bet365 champions league，Although good and bad，But the creative team is stronger than ever，More diverse creative types。Poetry creation，Misty Poetry、New generation poetry appears one after another，Not only are old poets constantly writing new works，Shu Ting also appeared、index finger、Ye Yanbin and many other new poets。Novel writing field，Wang Meng、Zong Pu、Zhang Jie、Liu Xinwu、Tie Ning、Mo Yan、Wang Anyi、Jia Pingwa、Zhang Wei and others are all people with fruitful achievements。

　　Historical achievements and characteristics of 100-year bet365 champions league

Compared with Chinese classical bet365 champions league，Centennial New bet365 champions league has made unprecedented achievements under the leadership of the Communist Party of China，Showing distinctive characteristics of the times。

First，The spread of Marxism，Bring the ideological content of the work to a bet365 champions league level。

bet365 champions league is a project that shapes the human soul。Chinese bet365 champions league has always attached great importance to ideological nature，Emphasis on “writing to convey the truth”。In the historical process of democratic revolution and socialist revolution，The spirit of patriotism promoted during the May Fourth Movement，Whether in historical themes or realistic themes，It has always been a theme highlighted in new bet365 champions league at different stages。Russia’s October Revolution brought us Marxism。Afterwards，Marxism has become an irresistible wave in my country’s ideological circles，Contributed to the birth of the Communist Party of China，Widely disseminated among the intellectual circles and people across the country。This naturally also affects the literary and art circles。Marxism occupies a dominant position in literary creation，Bringing the ideological nature of Chinese bet365 champions league to a new level。

Second，Compared with traditional bet365 champions league，Century New bet365 champions league Created to Go to the People、Behave and serve the people、A new era in which the broad masses of people participate in writing。

Traditional bet365 champions league mostly expresses emperors and generals、Talented scholar and beautiful woman。Since Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties，Although there are works showing the life of citizens，But works describing ordinary people are still extremely rare。After the May 4th Movement，The protagonists of the novel are not only many lower-class intellectuals，There are also workers, peasants and soldiers and other people，Sister-in-law Xianglin as written by Lu Xun、Ah Q and others。After "revolutionary bet365 champions league" was promoted，There are more such characters in novels，Like the farmers raising silkworms in Mao Dun's "Spring Silkworms"，The rickshaw driver Xiangzi in Lao She's "Camel Xiangzi"，Jiang Guangci、Workers and farmers heading towards revolution in the works of Ding Ling and others。After the Yan'an Forum on bet365 champions league and Art，There are more works describing workers, peasants and soldiers。This is a great change in the history of Chinese bet365 champions league。

After the founding of the People's Republic of China，Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China，bet365 champions league reaches the broad masses of the people and expresses workers, peasants and soldiers，It has become a common phenomenon；Early days of the founding of New China，Description of workers, peasants, soldiers and their heroic images，Becoming an important trend in literary creation，Standing to this day。The lives of the broad masses of people have become the main objects of literary description。After the rise of Internet bet365 champions league，The novel is rapidly reaching the masses on an unprecedented scale，The click-through rate of online novels is even hundreds of millions。Most of the writers of online bet365 champions league are ordinary people，Reportedly，2017，There are more than 13 million online bet365 champions league writers in China。bet365 champions league goes to the people，Not only expresses the people，And it is read and loved by the majority of people，This is unprecedented in the history of our country。

　Third，Themes of bet365 champions league、Topic、More and more diverse forms and styles。

In the development of new bet365 champions league over the past century，Heaven、Human World、Fairy、Ghost、Birds and beasts、Insect fish and time travel history、Fantasy future and other themes，Everything appears in the writer's writing。Novel writing，Political novel、Military novel、Financial novel、Romance novel、Psychological novel、Philosophical novel、Ethical novel、Detective novel、Fairy Tales、Science fiction novels etc. are emerging one after another；Zhang Hui Ti、storytelling style、Epistolary、Diary body、Note style、Dialogue and stream-of-consciousness novels、Absurd novels and other novels also show their talents；Realistic novel、Romantic novel、Modernist novels and other novels are also constantly innovating。The same writer also creates works in different forms and styles，Novel that uses stream of consciousness techniques like Lu Xun's "Diary of a Madman"，There are also realistic novels like "Blessing"，There are also novels of different styles in "New Stories"。Wang Meng、Zong Pu、Mo Yan、Contemporary novelists such as Jia Pingwa also have content、Form、Works with various styles are released。This situation is very rare in the history of Chinese novels。This period，The creative vision of Chinese writers、Creative talents and imagination have been unleashed and unleashed as never before，The novel writing thinking has been greatly expanded。Novel shows diverse creative styles and artistic features in the process of modernization，Is the outstanding feature of the literary world during this historical period。

　Fourth，Created many immortal typical characters，Especially the image of heroic characters，Added dazzling luster to century-old new bet365 champions league。

A hundred years ago，Modern and contemporary writers attach great importance to the creation of typical characters，Especially the creation of heroic characters。Ah Q written by Lu Xun、Xiang Lin’s Wife，Boss Lin in Mao Dun’s works、Wu Sunfu，Camel Xiangzi written by Lao She，Ms. Shafei written by Ding Ling，Li Youcai in Zhao Shuli’s works，All with different typicalities，Leave a deep impression on readers，Thought-provoking。And Li Zicheng portrayed by Yao Xueyin、Zhu Laozhong portrayed by Liang Bin、Lin Daojing shaped by Yang Mo、Yang Zirong shaped by Qu Bo、Qin Degui shaped by Ai Wu、Liang Shengbao shaped by Liu Qing、Li Shuangshuang as portrayed by Li Zhen、The image of Lu Wenting and other historical heroes or new socialist figures portrayed by Chen Rong，and drama、Reportage、Liu Hulan shaped by biographical bet365 champions league、Lei Feng、Xiang Xiuli、Images of Wang Jinxi and others，All are household names。These images have contributed to the formation of a new spiritual outlook for the broad masses of the people，Has a profound impact。

In short，All aspects of the development of new bet365 champions league in my country over the past century，We cannot do without the leadership of the Communist Party of China。Our party is in the process of promoting and leading new bet365 champions league，Continuously deepen our understanding of the nature and laws of bet365 champions league and art in practice，Especially for bet365 champions league, art and people、bet365 champions league and reality、Subject and object in literary and artistic creation、Understanding of the main theme and diversity of bet365 champions league and art，According to the interests of the people、The pulse of the times and the direction of history，Follow the essence and laws of bet365 champions league and art，Continuously strengthen the leadership of bet365 champions league and art，Creating favorable conditions for the prosperity and development of bet365 champions league and art。We firmly believe，Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China，Chinese bet365 champions league will surely usher in a new climax of literary creation，Climbing new heights in bet365 champions league，Create more and better literary works for the people and the world。

(Author’s unit: Institute of bet365 champions league, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)