Ming and Qing Dynasties，The number and types of paratexts in opera works are increasing，It is not necessary to summarize it as “complex”。If the main part bet365 tennis bet opera work is called the "text"，So attached、Preface and postscript interspersed with the main text、Poetry (words)、Illustration、Comments and even titles、Signature、Example、Directory etc.，can be regarded as "paratext"，In a relatively self-contained text structure together with the main text，Mutual reference，Rich meaning，The systematic existence meaning of a drama work is thus constructed。Currently，The preface and postscript of operas attract the most attention from academic circles、Comments, etc.，Related research results are relatively rich，However, the intertextual interpretation based on the paratextual perspective may have shortcomings。The author thinks，With the discovery and continuous publication of a large number of prefaces and postscripts to Ming and Qing operas，Follow the creative process of literati、The particularity and social nature of collection activities and even publishing activities，Focus on the complexity of this type of paratextual style，And examine it using the intertextual interpretation strategy，Will greatly expand the research on the main text of opera，It helps researchers deeply understand the internal composition bet365 tennis bet opera literary ecology，Rethink and effectively respond to some important issues in the history of opera。

　　Confirm the creation and publication time bet365 tennis bet opera

Intertextual interpretation can be used for opera creation、Confirmation of publication time provides more accurate information。Generally speaking，The preface and postscript were created when the work was completed、Strong evidence bet365 tennis bet date of publication，Using this method to make judgments will lead to more practical conclusions。However, if we examine it from the intertextual dimension，Sometimes the relevant conclusions are inaccurate or even wrong。For example, the legend of "Jingguang Yuan" written by the dramatist Xu Shen (1732-1807) during the Qiang-Jia period，All versions use the preface "Qianlong was forty-three years old in the Apricot Moon of Wuxu"，Mostly judged to be "Qianlong Engraved Edition"，But according to the inscription attached to "Jingguangyuan"，It can be found that the earliest work created by Bai Qian was before his death in August bet365 tennis bet 30th year of Qianlong，Indicates that at least the first draft of "Jingguangyuan" has been completed before this；According to the author’s preface, “The facts are true，No sugarcoating" expression，The Biography of Qiurong written by his friend Yu Ji, etc.，It can be seen that Xu Shen and Li Qiurong met in the spring bet365 tennis bet 28th year of Qianlong，Li Qiurong passed away at the end of summer a year later，Shortly afterwards, Xu Yao began to "express his feelings、The creation of "Mirror Light Fate" which expresses sorrow and resentment，The completion time bet365 tennis bet script can be set at the end bet365 tennis bet 29th year of Qianlong、Within the time frame bet365 tennis bet early thirties，Almost fourteen years earlier than the creation time stated in the preface。

The publication time bet365 tennis bet legend of "Jingguang Yuan" has nothing to do with the writing time bet365 tennis bet preface。With the help of its rich paratext，In the autumn bet365 tennis bet forty-third year of Qianlong's reign and the spring bet365 tennis bet following year when the preface was completed，Xu Shen asked Gu Yiyan to write "Xu" again、Yu Ji wrote "The Biography of Qiu Rong"，The number of inscribed works is also increasing。Judging from the text status bet365 tennis bet inscriptions on the versions seen so far，The first edition of "Jingguangyuan" already has an inscription，Not arranged by writing time，And the specific number is unknown；This is not the first edition bet365 tennis bet Capital Library Wu Mei collection，The scale of inscriptions remains basically certain and stable，Judging from the judgment that the latest one should be created in the fourth year of Jiaqing，It is obviously unrealistic to label it as "Qianlong Engraved Edition"。

　　Helps understand the author’s intention and bet365 tennis bet theme

Intertextual interpretation can promote mutual learning of paratexts of opera works by the same author，Conducive to the writer's temperament、Understanding of life and even the themes of opera texts。Qing Dynasty operas were mostly written by literati with high literary literacy，Many writers have produced various opera works at different stages of their lives，The preface and postscript inscriptions of these works are often not isolated、Simple existence，But reflect each other，Form intertext。Xu She’s two operas were written almost twenty years apart，In the 16-fold version of "The Drama bet365 tennis bet Heart" that was later completed，The legendary inscription of "Jingguangyuan" was published next to the inscription of "Written Heart Drama"，Together constitute the paratext bet365 tennis bet drama，The intertextual relationship between each other provides valuable inspiration for accurately understanding Xu Shen’s creative intentions and in-depth exploration bet365 tennis bet rich connotations bet365 tennis bet works。Some idea，At least three points are visible。

1st，The inscription's explanation of "Written Heart Drama" does not depart from the perspective of "Jingguangyuan"，For example, one of Xu Qiaolin's inscriptions: "Three Lives Enlightenment is in the Mirror，Early biography of Betting and Singing Flag Pavilion。Self-confession and liberation，Why don’t you keep the fairy in your husband’s house。”Use the “mirror edge” to reflect the “mirror light edge”，And use the rhetorical method of "confrontation" to interpret the metaphorical function bet365 tennis bet title and the emotional logic presented in the two works，Praised Xu Shen’s infatuation and repentance，At the same time, it expresses its recognition of "Heart-writing Drama" through the famous drama effect of "Mirror Light Fate"。

Second，"Jingguangyuan" has also been continuously explained with the help bet365 tennis bet inscription of "Xinxin Drama"，One bet365 tennis bet inscriptions on Ruqi Feng’s forehead: “The flowers bloom and Qiuniang smiles in the mirror，Love is more than the number of sands in the Ganges。The beautiful words suddenly remove the empty color，A bright moon with ten thousand lights。”Xu Ya’s transformation from “infatuated” to “ruthless” is eye-catching，Affirm the continuity bet365 tennis bet theme expression bet365 tennis bet two dramas and the changes in the connotation of "love"，Approval of Xu Ye’s way of giving up “the weight of life” and self-liberation。

　Third，For Xu Shen, who has always been deeply traumatized，The creation process of "The Heart-writing Drama" in the past thirty years，He also broke free repeatedly、The processual artistic expression that one tries hard to forget，Although each work depicts the life story bet365 tennis bet protagonist Xu Shen through different life scenes，But "letting go" is always an important theme bet365 tennis bet work。This can only be discovered with the help of intertextual interpretation bet365 tennis bet inscriptions bet365 tennis bet two plays，Xu Shen actually never really let go，And it is in this sense，The legend of "Jingguangyuan" and its paratext can also be regarded as the paratext of "Written Heart Drama"。

　　Highlight the personality and ideas bet365 tennis bet inscriber

Intertextual interpretation can reveal the recipient’s personality in the “rewriting” process、Modality、Concept，Even the "misreading" of some people who find it difficult to know people's papers，It can also provide an aesthetic discovery based on individual emotions or experiences。The writers of paratexts mostly create the knowledge structure provided by the subject、Narrative experience、“Conversation” in an emotional atmosphere，Therefore, most writers follow the speaking strategy of "following what others say"，That is, work-centered，Respect and promote the textual meaning constructed by the author，Even use the core words provided by the text to copy、Perfunctory。But "using the topic to play" seems to be a more common speaking strategy，Always can’t help but use this to talk about the other、Borrow someone to tell me，Highlight the inscription’s own personality、Mindset、Character and even pursuit of life，Is one bet365 tennis bet most valuable contents in paratext creation。

For example，The famous literati Yuan Mei who wrote two inscriptions for Xu Shen's "Xinxin Drama"，When I first read the Zaju, I was deeply moved: "Read Brother Shi's Homemade Yuefu"，An idea，Pantianjidi，Make the decaying people squat and dance，The lyrics and music are so touching！”This is obviously his positive discovery and praise bet365 tennis bet opera style based on the concept of spiritual pursuit。Read again after one year，Yuan Mei warmly expressed "Begging for generals for eighty years"，Composition into Dongshan Silk and Bamboo Listening” request。This is not only in line with the poetic view of Yuan Mei, who has been self-centered in artistic creation all his life，It also demonstrates his unique understanding of opera style based on poetic concepts，Even changed his attitude towards not liking songwriting。Yuan Mei’s inscription also contains “The wild geese fly away and the mandarin ducks die”，Everything has to be paid in full for a few chapters”，Further proof of his magnanimity、Sincerity，That is, he actually understands the history and reality of opera creation，Otherwise, we will not accurately grasp the unusual aspects of Xu Shen’s creation。The death of a lover and the death of a brother are performed in the form of opera，It is indeed the pioneering and uniqueness of Xu Shen’s opera creation。

　　Expand the horizons of bet365 tennis bet research

Intertextual interpretation can also be based on the different participation methods of main text and paratext，Related to the observation and understanding of certain issues in the development process of opera style，Expand the multi-dimensional vision of opera research。for example，In terms bet365 tennis bet style bet365 tennis bet preface and postscript，Occasional novels、Sanqu，Mostly poems、words、Articles；When it serves as a subtext and forms a symbiotic system with the main text that tells stories in a combination of music and cards，Due to the vastly different aesthetic expression methods and methods，Can form multiple acceptance and even unique interpretations of language symbols。

About the theme of "love" in "Jingguangyuan"，Xu Ji has already expressed his sincere feelings in his preface，Expression of sadness and resentment，"Showing friends" due to "sorrow and resentment"，Can you show me the samadhi of love”，It is the root of his desire to solve。“Emotion” is actually the core concern of his preface and the inscription。Gu Yiyanzhi's "Xu" explains the relationship between love and fate in the form of an article，Seems to be responding to Xu Shen’s confusion: “Fengjiang Yu Jingyuan，Sentiment also。"Yu Ji's "The Biography of Qiu Rong" describes Xu in detail、The process of Li Qingyuan，Finally, "Yi Ji Gu"，The self-titled "Jingyuan Ziyun" freezes Xu Jie's tragedy，Indicates the helplessness of this relationship、Sentimental。The inscription works mostly focus on the situation bet365 tennis bet hero and heroine and write about "emotion"，Those who lament，There are also comforters，More sentimental, modern and ancient、Those who reflect on themselves。The poetic works in the inscription are rich in imagery、Beautiful language and unique lyrical style dialogue with the main text，Due to the long creation time、A painful memory that connects the author with a wide range of emotions and constantly resurrects them，In fact, it expands the speech space of "emotion"，Intensified sentimentality，Also through the poetic association bet365 tennis bet main text bet365 tennis bet opera with the characteristics of "literary preparation for the masses" and the knowledge of individuals、Inspired by experience，Form the poetic influence bet365 tennis bet text、Penetration and Strengthening。On the development path of poeticization of classical opera texts，The constructive role of paratext has never stopped。

In fact，Except those directly attached to the text，Inscriptions with paratextual characteristics also exist in other carrier forms，Drama poems as seen in other collections、Performance records in notes and documents, etc.，It is not in the same text space as the main text，Mostly presented casually in the form of "acceptance"，But it also provides a multi-dimensional path to understanding writers，Creates a broad interpretation space for interpreting works，Maybe it should be regarded as a "broad paratext"。A few days ago，"Compilation of Ming and Qing Opera Prefaces and Postscripts" compiled by Guo Yingde and others has been published，Concentrated release of inscription texts of opera prefaces and postscripts，Provides rich paratext resources for the interpretation bet365 tennis bet main text of Ming and Qing operas。The introduction of intertextual interpretation strategies can not only expand the way into the main text，It can also enrich the meaning of opera works、The openness of text space and the unique discovery bet365 tennis bet world of value，Provides new paths and mechanisms for thinking about the generation methods of opera texts and related phenomena in opera history。

(Author’s unit: Research Center for Ming and bet365 tennis bet Literature and Culture, Heilongjiang University)