As Zhu Guangqian said, "All art is lyric"，Novels with narrative as the main text can also be lyric。But the performance of literary emotions is inseparable from objective things，Subjective emotions only use objective things、object，Formation of imagery or things，can be perceived。Poetry is often through the image、The idea of ​​artistic conception to achieve lyric。Novels are different，Novelists generally do not pour in the heart of the heart，It is mainly sustenance，narrative to send love。

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In Chinese poetics，Love and things are closely related。Many chapters in the Book of Songs are posted by fate，Hanlefu Poetry is also considered "feeling sorrow，Escape from Fate "(" Hanshu · Yi Wen Zhi ")。Zhong Yan in the Southern Dynasty listed typical events such as "Chu Chen Going to the Ending" and "Hangu Ci Palace"，Think of "Vanas'，Sunity Mind，It is not Chen Shi to show its righteousness，Why do not love songs? "(" Poetry ")。The writing strategy of Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty and the theory of "Reading Love" proposed by the Song people further affirmed the possibility of expressing emotions through narrative。Although the creative origin of the novelist is multi -source，But the narrative characteristics of the novel determine that "fate is issued" is one of the important reasons for its generation。In the "Pearl Order" in the "Pearl Sequence" in the Qing Dynasty, "Novelist Searching for Lanes，Everything is frightened and terrifying，Drives of sketch，embellishment into 帙 "，Not only pointing out the characteristics of novel fate，It also shows the touching characteristics of its "things" in nature。

"Fate of Fate" in ancient novels，Both can be due to history、Society，It can also be due to life、Life。The former is like the Six Dynasties and the Lord Novels and Tang bet365 best casino games Legend，Multi -description of other things in society，Another like the Ming and Qing chapter back novels，Mostly feel the changes in the world or the rise and fall of history。The latter is like a novel after late Ming，Especially literati novels，Multi -fate starts with the author's feelings of his life。Such examples are even more important，The author of "Dream of Red Mansions" Cao Xueqin's self -described his dream life experience is the creative origin of "Stone" ("Dream of Red Mansions")，The author of "Qi Fang Lu" once wrote，"To make novels with self -description of life depression"，"Realism，No false borrowing "(Xiling Yeyao's" Painted Record Preface ")，This "self -description" is due to both the truth and the truth。Emphasizing the "fate" of ancient novels is not to deny the other creative reasons of the novel，Instead, it means that the writer is in the creative stage，I already have a clear emotional attitude，Feeling things，Move in love，Novel。

The style characteristics of the novel determine that the lyrical method of novels cannot be centered on the "image" as poetry，but "send love with things"。The emotion of the novel needs to be expressed by the specific novel incident，Different things show different emotions。For example，Ming and Qing Cai Ziyi Novels Novels narrated the vulgar stories of lovers who finally become dependents，Expressing the wish of joy and reunion，and "Jin Ping Mei" and "Dream of Red Mansions" and other human love novels are written in the way of life and life，The performance is extremely happy and sad。"Things" can not only evoke the author’s emotion，Conditions of becoming literary creation，You can also "from things to love"，Become a means to express emotions。The "narrative of narrative" in ancient Chinese novels is also in line with the principle of narrative learning。Different ways to self -fond words from poetry，The description of the novel is differentiated by the author into a narrator and many novel characters，Different subjects are at different narrative Bet365 lotto review levels，It can not simply draw an equal number。But the emotions of the narrator and many novel characters are not isolated，but unified under the author's lyric discourse，Formation of lyric combination。The author brings the reader into the viewpoint of the characters and narratives of the novels，Essentially the summoning readers watch the world through the perspective of narrator and characters，to achieve the purpose of "rejoicing"。

　　Literary lifting and modern transformation

Ancient Chinese literature exists in a developed lyric system，Some scholars summarize the tradition of Chinese literature as the lyric tradition with lyric poems as the main form of expression。lyric traditions, although the overall overall Chinese literature can be included，But it really seized a main vein of Chinese literature。In the long text、In the process of style fusion and evolution,，This lyrical tradition naturally infiltrates novels，Make ancient novels with rich lyric factors。In the vast ocean of ancient Chinese novels，Although there are no shortage of game pen and ink，But those masterpieces that have passed on future generations are often angry and lyrical crystals。

In ancient China，Poetry as the main form of lyrical lyrics of the scholars lyric，The upper layer of the class level，But because of the gradual rigidity of its expression，It is difficult to continue after the Song Dynasty。For this situation，Chen Zizhan has been analyzed to，"It's too long to use too much，The rules will become more and more stricter;，It becomes cliché，gradually loses its touching power;，Can't run freely，Tired of the writer of genius "，Therefore, "There is no new performance，Not enough to be moving "(Chen Zizhan" The History of Chinese Literature in the last Thirty Years ")。In this background，lyrics、Drama and novels and other literary categories came into being，enriched the lyric function of Chinese literature。It is precisely because of the lyricism in the class bet365 Play online games level.，Only made the novel from the bottom level of Chinese literature into the "best of literature"。

From the search strange description of the novels of the Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties to the explanatory personal feelings of the Tang legend，The most prominent change is the gradual promotion of emotional factors，As Hong Mai said，Tang Legend "Little Love，I want to endure，洵 Those who do not know God，Poetry can be called a generation of generations "(Chen Shixi's" Tang Ren Yan Hui · Example "quotes Hongmai，Qing Xuan Tong three years in Shanghai Sweeping Yaoshan Fang Shi print)。Tang Dynasty novelist's "Curious" and "Fake Novels Paper Paper" opened the legend in classical Chinese novels，In the future, it is endless。To a certain extent，"Legendary Spirit is the lyrical spirit" (Chen Wenxin)。to the Qing Dynasty，Pu Songling "use the legendary method，and a monster with a monster "，Create "Liao Zhai Zhi Yi"，Pushing classical Chinese novels to the peak of art，and the lyrical spirit irrigation can be said to be a major key to its artistic success。This lyrical spirit has also contributed to the prosperity of the legendary novel of classical Chinese in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China。The evolution of vernacular novels is also closely related to lyric。The initial stage of the generation of vernacular novels，is a period of oral form，Folk storytelles and listeners are not just a place to share stories，Still a field of emotional release and resonance。With vernacular novels from verbal to written，Folk entertainment lyrics also began to change to literati -style anger lyrics。"Water Margin" is considered to be "Angry"，"The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is also "venting angry for a while，Taking Fast Thousands of Can "，"Jin Ping Mei" is even regarded as a representative of "no emotion and no book"。Pu Songling positioned "Liao Zhai Zhi Yi" as a "book of loneliness"，Cao Xueqin claims to be "Dream of Red Mansions", "Full Paper Words，a bitter tears "。Although Bet365 lotto review the lyric field and lyric method of the novel changes，But the lyrical traits have increased without decrease，With Zhang Hui's novel more expressing the spiritual world and aesthetic pursuit of literati，lyricization is also equivalent to literatiization to a certain extent。

Of course，While recognizing the lyricism of ancient novels，It is undeniable that lyric factors are not inherent。Although the lyricism has been revealed in the legend of the Tang Dynasty，But only when it comes to Mingqing，The stimulus of literatiization and personalization will be brought up.。At the same time，There are also a large number of unrelated or diluted lyrics in ancient Chinese novels、Notes Category，For example, notes in the classical Chinese novel system、Miscellaneous、Anecdotes, etc.，Historical Romance in the vernacular novel system、God Demon Novels, etc.。but，These phenomena do not reduce the lyric characteristics of ancient Chinese novels，Instead, the lyric surface of ancient Chinese novels is highlighted from all aspects。If the historical romance will never have the emotion of the rise and fall of history，God's novels always care about the prosperity of life and physical and mental transcendence，Just these lyric factors are mostly deep in the depth of the potential text。As for those notes, because their attention is not literary and artistic，With the evolution of literary concepts, it is gradually excluded from outside the literary world。

other，If you expand your vision to the entire history of Chinese novels，I will find that lyricism is not only an important trend and internal power for the evolution of ancient Chinese novels，It is also an important factor in the transformation of modern novels。After Liang Qichao proposed the "Novel Revolution" at the end of the Qing Dynasty，We can not only see the laughter and scolding of Wu Yiren in social novels、Liu Ye's crying and tears，You can also feel Lin Shu in romance novels、Xu Bi Ya's sadness -this sorrowful mood even permeated until Bet365 app download the May 4th New Literature Period，By combined with romanticism。May 4th period，From Lu Xun's "shout" and "彷" to Yu Dafu's depressed "self -narration"，From Zhou Zuoren's "novels of lyric poems" to Shen Congwen's "abstract lyric"，Although the lyrical mode of traditional novels has been abandoned by modern writers，But the lyrical soul is still。

The lyrical sound of the May 4th period is due to the influence of Western romanticism，It is also the continuation of the tradition of Chinese lyric literature。As Wang Dewei said，lyric is another phase of China's modernity。After the 1980s，lyric re -becoming the tone of literature，Although I experienced the emotional "cooling" of the emotional novel and new realistic novel，But we can still from Wang Zengqi、Wang Meng、Zhang Jie、Zhang Chengzhi、Chi Zijian、Find a lyrical context of passion and tenderness in Wang Anyi and others.，The lyrical words of Chinese novels have been extended to the 21st century。Time and space segmentation of modern society makes the daily world more fragmentation，Artificial intelligence challenge the field of consciousness，The subjectivity of a person is always facing the danger of alienation everywhere。Modern novel narrative，It is essentially a metaphor for world order，Just as "genre is a kind of social history and formal entity" (Todorov quotes Bach gold)。The same changes in the real world，The genre boundary of modern novels is becoming more and more blurred，and increasingly being squeezed by the image world。But this does not mean that the novel will lose its own cultural attribute，It means that the novel is infinitely close to the nature of literature。The essence of literature is always inseparable from the artisticization of emotion。A way as the subjective presentation，lyric uses a way that is different from narrative to fight the alienation of the world。Although any form of lyrics may be entertaining、Consumer language context becomes ironic or reduced to cheap bet365 best casino games products，But for a novelist with artistic ambitions，Novel creation should not be limited to telling a story，and all their life emotions are infused with them。

(This article is the National Social Science Foundation General Project "Ming and Qing Dynasties Poetry, Book of Poetry, Books and Research" (17bzw011) staged results)

(Author Unit: School of Humanities, Zhejiang Normal University)