Ancient Chinese novels as a literary style of literary and literary style that the people are liked to hear，Story、Entertainment and even lyricism are its essential features as "pure literature"。But，The field of criticism of ancient Chinese novels has a significant "non -literary" tendency。The earliest regarding the novel as a style of style and commented on it was the Eastern Han Dynasty.，It is in the "Son Strategy" of "Hanshu · Yi Wen Zhi"，Novels and Confucianism、Tao、Yin and Yang and other ten are compared with compatibility，I believe that the novel is "street talk" is "the discussion of the madman"，Its values ​​"small trail"。Ban Gu emphasizes that novels are justified as the subordinates.，Obviously, the novel is included in the traditional knowledge category，I didn’t pay attention to its literature。桓: "Novelist He Cong Disnishment，Recent example，as a short book，Governing the body，There is a considerable resignation。"He also emphasized that the novel is reasonable as the sect，instead of the chief of narrative。Both Ban Gu and Xun Tan are regarded as the practical value of novels，The "non -literary" tendency to criticize the novels of the two novels has a profound impact on future generations。

The emergence of the legend of the Tang Dynasty marks the independence of the style of ancient Chinese novels，But，The "Sui Book · Jing Ji Zhi" written by the Tang Dynasty Wei Zheng still placed bet365 Play online games the novel in the sub -department，and Confucianism、Tao side side，Emphasizing its "can" and religious functions that "can be used to rule"，The literary nature of the monsters, especially the legendary novels, is blind。Tang people Han Yu made "Mao Ying Chuan"，Zhang Ji's "Shang Han Changli Book" blames it "Duchangju's saying，Make people Chen Zhizhi thought before，This is exhausted to Lingde "，A negative attitude towards the entertainment function of the novel "Huan"。Later，"Old Tang Book · Classics" and "New Tang Book · Yi Wen Zhi" also placed the novel in the sub -department or history，Obviously，until the Song Dynasty，Orthodox literati has not regarded novels as "pure literature"。

Ming and Qing Dynasties，Fiction creation is highly prosperous，But the "non -literary" tendency in novel criticism is more obvious。Mingren Qu You's "New Talks of Cut Lantern" caused "the frivolous of the market to recite" ("Emperor Yingzong Rui" Volume 90。The novel collection is in Korea、Days and other East Asian cultural circles are very popular，However，This is essentially a negation of its literature。other，As the purpose of the national chief book, "Siku Quanshu General" follows the historical traditions such as "Hanshu · Yi Wen Zhi" and "Sui Shu · Jing Ji"，Still put the novel in the sub -part，​​Ji Yan in the "Zi Minn · Novelist Class"，The function of the novel is summarized as "persuasion，Guangjian Wen，Credit Verification "，Still emphasizing the education of novels and academic functions。Ji Yan particularly opposed the fictional art of novels，and therefore criticized Pu Songling's "Liao Zhai Zhi Yi" narrative, there bet365 live casino games is no evidence: "Novels are described and heard，belongs to narrative，Not as good as the scene，Stand -up at will "，"The word of today's Yan，State of 媟，Subtilled twists and turns，Viewing it from。Viewing it from，It seems to be unreasonable; let the author endorsement，Why did you hear it? "(According to Sheng Shiyan's" Aunt Listening to the Post "quoted)

Fiction is an important feature of novels as a literary style，The fictionality of the novel is actually equivalent to canceling its literary nature。In essence,，Ji Yan adheres to Ban Gu、Establishment established by Tan Tan mainly focuses on theory、The view of the Han and Wei novels of Shangfeng Hua Hua，regarding novels as a branch of learning。So，He advocates that novels should be the "writer's pen" that should be carried by learning，instead of the "talent of talent" with fictional sexuality。From this we are not difficult to understand，How can the "Four Curse Quanshu General" be the most "pure literature" vernacular novels that are huge and wondered by the class of scholars.，Why does the most literary meaning in ancient novels intention "Beauty of the article，Chuan Yao's Love "(Shen Jiji" Ren's Biography ") Tang Legend of Tang Legend held a negative attitude，Why is it so popular for the quality of the Han and Wei novels。

The "non -literary" criticism criticized by ancient novels tends to be reflected in some private book，Catalogs are essentially a criticism method，Because it shows the concept of the recorder's novel。Mingren's "Book of Book of Baowen Hall" "Zi Zi" category recorded some chapteree and words novels，In fact, it is to place vernacular novels in the sub -area。Qing Bet365 lotto review people Zhao Yi's novels and scriptures、History、Son、Ji four parties，Its "Yu Yu Cong" Volume 22 "Scripture History Collection" Termiper: "Today's" Sui Shu · Jing Ji Zhi "has been divided into historians，"Sui Shu" is cultivated by the Tang Dynasty。Modern Story Books the most，or also as a scripture、History、Son、Collection、and approach until the evening。"Of course, this still places the novel in the traditional knowledge spectrum。and approach until the evening，Kang Youwei's "Japanese Books" lists "novels" into one category and is tied with "literature"，It shows that he has not regarded the novel as "literature"，And his so -called "Six Classics cannot teach，When a novel is taught;，When a novel is entered; the quotes cannot be metaphorized，When the novel is metaphorized "，It is also regarded as the primary task of novels，Ignore the literary nature。Shen Zhaoyi's "New Study Books" divided "new learning" into "legal system", "history", "public land", "literature", "western art", "western art", "mixed", "novel"，Also compatible with "novel" and "literature"，No novels are regarded as one of the literature。

Since the late Ming and early Qing dynasties，Novel reviews are very prosperous，Golden Shengtan、Mao Zonggang、Zhang Zhupo and other grammar factions，Pay attention to revealing the novel structure technique，But these reviewers generally receive strict eight -strand text training since childhood，Forms a stubborn eight -strand thinking fixed formula。So，They often look at the novel with "Shiwen's Eyes"，regarding novels as "articles" instead of literary style。So，Hu bet365 live casino games Shi's "" Water Margin "research" criticized "Jin Shengtan used the eyes of the" selection "comment at the time to criticize" Water Margin "，Then the "Water Margin" Ling Chi was chopped，It became a ‘vernacular scripture’ s note of the eyebrow batch of the eyebrows' ”，It is believed that "this mechanical review is the poison of the eight -stranders"; Lu Xun's "Talking about Jin Shengtan" also criticized Jin Shengtan when commented that "the original work is honest，Often turned into a joke，Layout text，It is also dragged into the eight -strand approach "。No doubt，Literary nature is not the focus of the critic of the grammar school，They often think of their novels as "Du Golden Needle"，It is intended to instruct the eight grammar for the imperial examinations。Rukin Shengtan will consider "Water Margin" as "the total holding of the article"，Its "Reading the Fifth Talent Calligraphy" also emphasizes his "Water Margin" evaluation book to make "the children read，You know many grammar "; Zhang Zhupo also calls his comment in" Criticive First Book of Gold Ping Mei "Reading Law"。As for Li Zhuowu's "Water Margin" review book，In fact, it is the product of his "anger" as a thinker，Novel narrative art is not their interests。

Even in modern times，Liang Qichao launched a huge "novel revolution"，Still follow the traditional concept of "text to carry the way"，regarding the novel as a tool that inspires the wisdom，The aesthetic value of its utilitarian novels and literature "。Liang Qichao believes in "On the Relationship between Novels and Qunzhi" that "the people of a new country，Novels of a new country first "，The tasks of innovating bet365 live casino games "morality", "religion", "political", "custom", "human heart", "personality" are given novels，Excessive emphasis on the practicality of the novel。The style of "Western learning East" in the evening has not completely changed the concept of traditional novels of the Chinese people，For example, Wang Zhonglin's "History of Chinese Novels" is still called "the king's traces are extinguished and" Poetry "die，"Poetry" and "Spring and Autumn" after the death ... Zhongni 殁，The purpose of "Spring and Autumn"，Not 襮，Talents 憪 憪，and novels。Cover novelist，So the poor of "Poems" and "Spring and Autumn" also "，I believe that the novel should bear the classics of Confucian classics such as the Book of Songs and Spring and Autumn，Anti -Fiction of Novels The Literary Payment of Novels。

Twenty -four years of Guangxu (1898)，The establishment of Jingshi University Hall marks the beginning of China's modern higher education，Lin Chuanjia, who is teaching as a Chinese language, wrote "The History of Literature of Zhi Na Na Na Lang" in the Japanese people, and wrote "Jingshi University Lecturer Lecture"，And the title "History of Chinese Literature" is printed。But，The first "History of Chinese Literature" from the hands of the Chinese people excluded the novel outside，and highly appreciate the practices of "Water Margin", "Journey to the West" and "Jin Ping Mei", etc.。Obviously，Lin Chuanjia inherits the Outlook of Orthodox Novels，Vernacular novels as "pure literature" are still very exclusive。Various signs indicate，The "non -literary" criticism criticized by ancient Chinese novels can be described as long and long。The root cause，This is largely because most novel critics and even novelists are under the bet365 live casino games domination of Tongtong literature view，Novels have never been regarded as "pure literature"，Instead, it emphasizes the function of its experience，Negative entertainment、Story or lyricism and other aesthetic features。

(Author Unit: Institute of Ancient Books Collection of Fudan University)