Literary Criticism Concept refers to the position of appreciation and criticism of literary works、Methods and Standards。Engels’s literary criticism view is based on historical materialism as the cornerstone，Judgment of literary and artistic works in accordance with the aesthetic views and historical perspectives，Forming the basic value position and criticism standard for Marxist literary and art criticism。But，In actual criticism practice，Marxist literary criticism is often regarded as an external criticism that examines the social and historical background of writers' work。At the same time，Affected by the post -modernist cultural trend of the West，New historicalism prevail，Where some literary critics，History becomes a kind of imagination、Metaphor and fictional relationships，Historical subject、History True、Historical rationality, etc.。For this，We need to re -examine the theoretical heritage of Engels' Critical Critical Calling Outlook，Activate its contemporary value，Give play to its role in the practice of literary criticism。

First，Literary criticism is fundamentally an evaluation of literary and artistic creation and works，The value position of literary criticism has a vital position in literary criticism Bet365 lotto review and practice activities。In the theoretical system of historical materialism，Literature and Art as a social ideology，Its attribute is determined by the economic foundation，restricted by productivity and production relations，It is a product of specific social historical conditions。Its meaning and value cannot be displayed through yourself，It needs to be placed in the structural system and value system of historical materialism，Determined in the comparison sense。Engels' literary criticism view is based on this view of materialism as the value position，He placed literature and art in the value system of historical materialism，See if it stands on the standpoint of the progressive class to reflect the true appearance of history，Disposal the trend of historical development。For example，Engels criticized the historical facts created by Lhasar in "To the Ferdinan Lhasal" in "To the Ferdinan Lhasal" violated the historical facts，distorted the actual relationship of Germany in the 1920s，The Cavaliers riots are higher than the civilian movement，and strive to praise the representative of the Cavaliers riots，No real purpose of the knight riots。Now，Some literary works and literary criticism also have similar problems，History seems to be fragmented in these writers and critics，They focus on the accidental and randomness of historical events，The description of social life is confusing，so that the truth of history cannot be presented。

Next，In the value system of historical materialism，The proletariat has noble Bet365 lotto review ideals and goals，represents the direction of historical development，Is the hero and creator of history。Engels uses the value orientation of the proletariat as the criticism position，Requires writers, especially writers with progressive tendencies，In the work, we should shape more proletarian image。For example，He proposed in the letter of "Zhima Haknis": "The rebellion of the oppression environment around them by the workers' class，The extreme efforts they have made to restore their status -semi -conscious or conscious，All belong to history，Therefore, it should also have the right to possess a place in the field of realism。"" ("Complete Works of Marx and Engels" Vol. 37) In the 1880s, the proletariat had already appeared on the stage of history，and promote the development of history with action，The image of the proletariat did not be fully expressed in literature。So，Engels advocates writers in the work to praise the advanced deeds of the proletarian warrior，Highlighting their historical initiative and heroism。Now，The people are the creators of history，It is also the creator of the times，It is the main force of socialist modernization。Literary and artistic works should make the people the protagonist，and sincerely praise them with the positive orientation of their true, beautiful and beautiful，Only in order to stimulate the courage and confidence of people to build a socialist cause，Promoting social Bet365 app download progress and historical changes。

again，Engels emphasizes the particularity of the content and form of literary works，It should be comprehensively inspected in accordance with the aesthetic views and historical perspectives。Literary and ideological general attributes，But with the law、Politics、Religious、Philosophy, etc.，It has its own special characteristics，The most important one is its aesthetic attribute。Engels proposed according to this special law of literature and art，Criticize literary and artistic criticism from "Aesthetics and Historical Perspectives"，and regard it as the "highest standard" of literary criticism ("Complete Works of Marx and Engels" Volume 29。He opposed the writer to impose his ideological tendency and emotional tendency to his works and readers，Oppose the author exaggerate his subjectivity、Creative behavior that violates the laws of life and artistic laws，Unity of advocating authenticity and artistic、Unification of content and form。"Aesthetics proposed by Engels、History "Literary Criticism Standards Establish Basic Standards for Marxist Literature and Art Critic。In Marxist literary criticism,，"Aesthetics" and "History", the two criticism dimensions are organic and unified overall，They use the overall literary and artistic works as the object，Based on the unity of literary aesthetics and ideology。We must not simply think that aesthetic criticism is art standard，Historical Bet365 app download criticism is ideological standard，Can't mechanically make "first" and "second" divided，Can't confront them、Division，So as a vulgarization、Simplified criticism quagmire。Now，Some literary criticism practices exaggerate the aesthetic of literature and art，History criticism and aesthetic criticism，Even historical criticism is regarded as interference with aesthetic criticism，Is not desirable。

Last，Engels’s literary criticism has a clear practical character，Directly targeting some wrong social and historical thought at the time，Decent analysis and criticism of the work。For example，Engels in the article "German Socialism in Poetry and Prose"，"Real Socialist" poet represented by Calle Bicker in poetry creation，Start from abstract people，Cover the false behavior of the social relationship of people and people with the concept of pan -love，Clarifying the "true socialist" thought of thinking about the thought of literary and artistic creation，So the direction of the healthy development of literature and art。Contemporary Chinese Marxist literary criticism should strengthen practical character，Failure to change literary and artistic criticism，Like theoretical、One -sided tendency，Give full play to its own functions and value。

The theoretical analysis of the concept of criticism of Engels' art can be seen，Engels’s literary criticism view is based on the historical view of materialism，Starting from the aesthetics and historical dimensions in the criticism practice，bet365 Play online games Comprehensive research on literary and artistic works and literary phenomena、Literary criticism of value judgment。The concepts and methods reflected in the view of Engels Literary Criticism have guiding significance for contemporary Chinese Marxist literary criticism theory。First，It inspires contemporary Chinese Marxist literary and art criticism to be based on historical materialism，Establish a big historical view、View of the Big Times。The majority of literary and art workers must stand at the height of the times and history，Objective、Diagnosed view of social development，Accurately grasp the direction and trend of history。Next，The main body of literary criticism is critic，To improve the quality of literary criticism，We must continuously improve the theoretical literacy of critics、Professional literacy and aesthetic appreciation ability，Then improve the professional and scientific nature of literary criticism。again，Contemporary Chinese Marxist literary critics must continuously strengthen their theoretical literacy，Criticism、Critical style、Dialogue method, etc.，Gradually form an effective criticism method。

(This article is the National Social Science Fund project "Marx、Engels Literary Thought and the Nineteenth Century British Literature Research "(19CZW003) staged results)

(Author Unit: School of Arts of Zhengzhou University)