The history of Chinese literature criticism is one of the important discipline categories of the University of China。For a long time，Generalists Publishing Chen Zhongfan's "History of Chinese Literature Criticism" (China Book Company 1927 edition) is deemed as a sign of the discipline。As a criticism of history，It really has the significance of sending all examples。But according to Chen's own description，"It turned out to be prepared to do this book，However, after writing "Rhymes" (formerly known as "Yunwen Review")，Any approximately the ancients' criticism of literature，As a comparison。Published by the Bookstore，Please divide him into two parts，Use the name of "History of Criticism" "(Ji Tong" Is the Weide Speaking a few Justice ")。And，A textbook is not the same as a discipline，Tracing the history of Chinese literature criticism or the subject starting point of Chinese literature theory，You need to further examine the history of the discipline of modern Chinese universities。

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Chinese literature theory as a subject is the same as the history of Chinese literature，As early as the "Dingding University Charter" promulgated in January 1904 (hereinafter referred to as the "Articles of Association"), it has appeared。University Church is divided into eight subjects，The Division of Literature is one of them;，One of them is Chinese Literature Gate，Set 7 main courses，9 subsidies，The "Literature Research Law" in the main class, "the flow of articles in the past", and "the papers of the ancients" are an Introduction to the Chinese Department of Literature、History of Chinese Literature、The true discipline starting point of the history of Chinese literature criticism，Lile the initial discipline pattern of the Department of Chinese Literature at Hyundai University。The Articles of Association stipulates the essence of the "Chinese Literature Research Law" research and literature，and specifically list 41 mesh，All are questions about literary theory。The Course description of the "Flowing of the bet365 live casino games Articles of the Dynasties" wrote: "Japan has" History of Chinese Literature "，It can be used to compile lectures。"" The Paper of the Ancients "Course description:" The thesis of the famous masters must be said，Such as "Wen Xin Eagle Dragon"，Those who see the Child History Collection，collected by the instructor as a lecture。"This is the starting point of Chinese literature theory or" history of Chinese literature criticism "。

Jingshi University Hall is not just a university，It also has the obligation to manage schools across the country。So，"Articles of Association" is not just a school's charter，It has guiding significance for schools across the country。Some universities have also opened the "Ancient Paper Essays" course stipulated in the Articles of Association，Ru Jiangsu High School Director Zou Shouqi wrote a lecture "Thesis Requesting" in 1905，Collection from Han Yu's "Answers Li Yishu" in the Tang Dynasty to the more than 60 articles of Wu Runlun's "Sky Performance Preface" at that time。This is the earliest lecture that is known to meet the requirements of the "Articles of Association" "The Ancient Paper Requesting" course; Tang Wenzhi, president of Nanyang Gong School, was written in 1911 "The Patriarch of the An old thesis" two volumes，Select 110 articles from Han Yu to Wu Runlun's thesis，Where，Zeng Guofan's article is the most，Damin 19。early 20th century，After abolishing the imperial examination，Tongcheng Pai ancient texts instead of Babu，His respected as a Chinese language，Fast nationwide，Zou、Tang Ershu is similar to the choice of two Tongcheng text theory。

This period，The Chinese Literature forum in Jingshi University is also the position of Tongcheng School。At the beginning of the establishment of the university hall，Yan Fu、Lin Shu's division of the University Hall Translation Book Bureau Zheng and Deputy President Office，After the Revolution of 1911，Yan Fu served as chief supervisor and science chief; 1914，College Hall hire Tongcheng School Master Yao Yao, the descendant Yao Yongpu, Professor Yao Yongpu。In the same year，Yao Yongchu imitates the "Wenxin Eagle Dragon" system，Written Lecture "Literature Research Law"，In fact, it is a "Introduction to Literature" with the concept of ancient texts of Tongcheng School "。1916，Lin Shu's "Chunjuezhai Bet365 app download Thesis" Zixing，It is also a lecture on the ancient text theory of the ingenuity of Tongcheng School。These two lectures on the basis of the general theory of literature on the basis of systematic eplante，Curriculum requirements for the "Literature Research Law" and "Ancient Paper Essays" in the Articles of Association，Introduction to the Literary Literature of Modern Chinese University and the Pioneer of Chinese Literary Criticism Course，and is a literary theory based on China's own articles theory。

1914，Zhang Taiyan's disciple Huang Kan entered Peking University to teach the word chapters，He does not agree with the masculinity and femininity of the Tongcheng School，and "Wenxin Eagle Dragon" as the textbook，Written into "Wenxin Eagle Dragon Notes"; 1917，Liu Shipei entered the Peking University to teach the history of the ancient literature，Written "Lecture in the History of Middle Literature"。Due to Huang Kan、Liu Shipei belongs to the Langwen School，Yao Yongchu was formed in the Peking University forum、Lin Shu and Huang Kan、Liu Shipei between Liu Shipei，In terms of curriculum settings, it is displayed as the opposition between Chinese and Chinese and segue，Reflected the basic pattern of Chinese literature theory in the early years of the Republic of China。

　　Construction of modern Chinese literature theory

The literary revolution in the May Fourth period advocates the new Dingxin from ideological culture to literature，The inherent scattered disputes in literary theoretical disciplines were reprimanded as "Choosing the Elementary School" and "Tongcheng fallacy"，At the same time, focusing on the West、Construction of the courses of modern "Literary Introduction" came into being。First of all, Japanese similar textbooks were translated，As Zhang Xichen's translation of Jiu Xiong's "Introduction to New Literature" (1920)。It can be known that the earliest literary Introduction Teaching Materials is "Introduction to Literature" (1921) by the instructor of the Guangzhou Higher Normal School (Zi Ru)。Zhou Zuoren is equal to opening a literary introduction course at the Department of Chinese Literature, Peking University Around 1921，Other universities also offer this course。But the "Ancient Paper bet365 Play online games Paper Entry" course has not been canceled，Instead of making corresponding reforms。The preparatory "Chinese language" subject of the Chinese Department of Peking University includes a "collection of literary theory"，In 1920, the Professor of the Department of Chinese Literature selected 200 articles from "The Analects of Confucius" to Huang Kan's "Buwen Heart Carving Dragon Hidden Show"，Edited as "The Essentials of Literary Theory" lecture，This is the righteousness and scattered，Ancient and modern and weighing，As Wang Guowei's "Earth Words"、Zhang Taiyan's "Literature General Strategy"、Liu Shipei's "Different Film and Reality" was selected，It is a concept of Chinese literary theory selection。and previous Tang Wenzhi、Zou Shouqi compared to the lectures，This book not only jumped out of the "骈 骈" grid cover，Can maintain the consistent characteristics of guiding creation。Someone has criticized Chen Zhongfan's "History of Chinese Literature Criticism": "The materials of the book are just a" Collection of Literary Theory "used by the preparatory course of Peking University。"" Collection of Literature "for the foundation of the foundation of criticism of historical works later。Some literary Introduction courses at that time attached importance to China's own literary theory tradition，For example, Liu Yongji's "Literature" (1922) is accompanied by "Ancient and Modern thesis selection"，Select 45 articles from "Poetry Preface" to Zeng Guofan's "Hunan Culture Preface".。

　　The subject structure of Chinese literature theory

From the overall perspective，There are three characteristics of the Chinese literary discipline pattern after 1920:

One，Foreign literary theory and inherent theory coexist。Introducing foreign literary theory，Such as translated Japanese Kitchen Kawagawa Murakami and Jiuxiong、Winliness, England、Teaching Materials of Hunter in the United States; or on the basis of foreign theory，Constructing a new literary theory。However，Ru Taiyan's student Ma Zonghuo、Jiang Liangfu taught literary Introduction，I have compiled the lectures based on local literary theory; Guo Shaoyu has also compiled literary theory textbooks，The authentic theory of the body based bet365 best casino games on Ruan Yuan et al.。other，Wang Guang's "Literature Book" is similar to "Wenxin Eagle Dragon"，It is the continuation of the Chinese traditional literary discourse system。

Its two，The dispute between San San is still wrestling in the discipline of literary theory。The literary world before the New Culture Movement is mainly a compete for a discourse between the Langwen School and the Prose School，The main contradiction after the New Cultural Movement is the conflict of new and old literary theory，But the dispute over the scattered is still in secret，Even transformed into literature and Chinese language、Division between pure literature and miscellaneous literature。4274_4301。"History of Chinese Literature Criticism" written by Chen Zhongfan (1927) is mainly based on poetry and music theory，greatly weakened the weight and status of the ancient Wenjia，This book quotes Qian Daxin's attack text in a large paragraph when discussing the ancient text theory of Fang Bao，and commented: "Knowing and personal opinions，Monopoly Literary Farmer，Both the interpretation of the burden，It is inevitable that Yiya Ya also。"Xu Wenyu in the Lecture of Literature of Literature (1935)，"Collection of Chinese literature theory，Pretty recognition of natural and English as the main purpose，Borrowing the True of Pure Literature "(" Example Something ")，An Ancient Chinese Theory of the Tang and Song Dynasties Unless，Only Yao Yao's "Ancient Cultivation Preface"。Guo Shaoyu's "History of Chinese Literature Criticism" also believes that the literary concepts of ancient literature are mixed。And the descendant of Tongcheng faction Fang Xiaoyue in the lecture "Chinese Literature Criticism" (1934) of Sun Yat -sen University can give it to the ancient literature of the Tang and Song dynasties and the Fang of the Qing Dynasty、Yao Yizhiyi。At the same time，And Li Huaqing’s "The Theory of Chinese Literature"、Wang's "Chinese Literature Critical Paper Collection"，Both fully realize the value of the theory of Gu Wenjia。If compared with Li Huaqing、Wang Huanre、Xu Wenyu and others' literary theory selection，Can clearly see Yu Xu of San San's dispute。

Its three，The name of "History of Chinese Literature Criticism" is derived bet365 live casino games from the tide of the nation's hometown，It consciously historically historic，strengthened the sense of distance between tradition and reality。It can be known that the first seven words in China were named Wang Yiquan's "" The Proposal of the History of Chinese Literature "(1922)，In the proposal，"History of Chinese Literature Criticism" and "History of Chinese Literature Creation" are tied for，Under the genre, it is divided into "History Group of Chinese Literature Criticism", "History of Chinese Poetry Criticism", "History of Chinese Novels", "History of Chinese Opera Criticism"，Because Wang Yanquan holds the concept of pure literature，So the "History of Chinese Articles Criticism" is not listed。other，Zhu Guangqian's "Until the Territory of Chinese Literature" (1926) and Zheng Zhenduo's "Research on Chinese Literature" (1927) two articles have proposed the expectations of building "History of Chinese Literature"。These were the idea of ​​"organizing the country" of the new literature at that time to study the old literature，Taking your tradition as "National Host"，Re -estimate their value with modern theoretical vision，Scientifically sort out，This，The tradition of literary theory becomes "traditional literary theory"。

Chen Zhongfan's "History of Chinese Literature Criticism" is published in this context。As early as 1923, he was taught at Southeast University in 1923，Chen Zhongfan offers the "Evaluation of Passenger Times" Course，Edited "Evaluation of the Edition" Lecture，Collection from "Lu's Spring and Autumn · Sound" to Wang Guowei's "Extraction of Extramages" in a total of 21 calendar papers。At that time，"Rhyme Review" is also written。1937，Chen Zhongfan reviewed in "Twenty years in my country in China": "Chen Zhongfan used" Chinese Literature Review "，Ji Qi's simplified end with literary criticism; the Chinese Book Company was imprinted as "History of Chinese Literature Criticism" and "Chinese Rhymes"。"" That is to say，He originally did not plan to use this book name，But in the early years, he accepted Liu Shipei at Peking University、Huang Kan's literary theory education，I have compiled the "Evaluation of Passells" at Southeast University，This "Rhyme Review" also comes with the ancient people's criticism of literature.，Therefore，Naturally, you can independently bet365 live casino games become a "History of Chinese Literature Criticism"。In the university lecture hall later，Reviews of the past generations、Chinese literature criticism、History of Chinese Literature Critic、Chinese Literature Theory，Course names still fail to unified，But it originated in the "Ancient Paper Paper Entry" of "Articles of Association".。

Tracing this period of history，Except for the original Qingyuan，How does the tradition of literary theory become "traditional literary theory"，How to deal with the current status of literature and foreign culture to develop itself，What kind of inner contact should be in literary theory and creation，These related issues are worth further discussion。

(Author Unit: Chinese Department of Peking University)