One of the signs of traditional Chinese female literature to modern women's literature，It is the author's life experience and writing horizon gradually shifting from narrow boudoir to broad social life。and rural、Workers in the local subject matter、Industrial theme，This becomes an important expression object of modern female literature。Since Lu Yin in 1921, published "Is the Soul for Sell" in the 12th issue of "Novel Monthly", Vol.，Jing Ding Ling、Cao Ming、Zhang Jie、Shu Ting、Bi Shumin、Zheng Xiaoqiong and other generations of female writers continue to write，Workers of female literature have completed a century of accumulation and contained some new changes。"Workers" written by Guan Yancao and his father、Bi Shumin's "Female Workers"、Lu Min's "Six People Dinner" and Zheng Xiaoqiong、Siren、Ding Yan、Tongzi and other workers' theme works，All presents the "problem novels" that are both different from Lu Yin, which is also different from Cao Ming's "hero narrative" and Zhang Jie's "reform literature".。Examine and sort out the path and direction of these new writing trends，or can provide meaningful reference for the creation of female literature and workers at present。

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The most characteristic phenomenon of the current female literature workers writing is non -fictional writing，This is basically consistent with the outstanding achievements in the field of non -fiction writing with female writers。Since the opening of the "Non -Fiction" column in the "People's Literature" magazine in 2010, it has caused non -fictional writing fever，Liang Hong's "China in Liangzhuang" and "Exit Liangzhuang Ji"、Li Juan's "Sheep Road" series、Yellow Lantern's "My Two Students" and "A loved on the Earth"、Sun Huifen's "Ten Days of Life and Death"、Qiao Ye's "Gai Lou Ji" and "Demolition of the Building" and other non -fictional works have stood out，Become another "phenomenal" female literature landscape since the "private novel" creation trend in the 1990s。The disadvantaged position in the overall territory of the contemporary literature in contemporary literature is different.，In the trend of women's non -fiction writing，The theme of the workers occupies a considerable proportion。Zheng Xiaoqiong's "Female Workers" (2012)，Ding Yan's "Factory Girl" (2013)、"Factory Boy" (2016)，Tongzi's "Living in High Place: Female Women's Works" (2019)，Siren's "Yan Shangzhu in Mirror" (2021)、"Dustless Bet365 lotto review Workshop" (2023) and Lu Tu's writing as a social science survey report, which is also used as the "Chinese New Workers: Female Workers' Biography" (2017) and other works，All focus on ordinary workers in factories and industrial fields，With its documentary、Writing posture and rich sensual charm，Build a close relationship between female literature and industrial reality。

Non -fictional narratives of female literature abandon the grand narrative of "masterpiece" with a "main style".，But in specific works，The distance between the author and the object of writing is not the same，The text used in the text also has its own differences。Lu Tu's "Chinese New Workers" series adopts the investigation report body，The workers group appeared in an interview object，The author has formed a clear review and even check -out relationship with the rational attitude of intellectuals; Siren's "Dustless Workshop" and Ding Yan's "Factory Girl" and "Factory Boys" are similar to the news "unannounced visits"，The author went deep into the factory company of Zhangmutou Town，"Stealth" in a migrant worker，Live and live with workers，The text presents a aesthetic effect that integrates "empathy" and "onlookers"。The difference is，Siren focuses on self -experience，Ding Yan more focused on describing others。The most revolutionary breakthrough occurs on Zheng Xiaoqiong，As a "female worker who writes poetry" instead of "poet who writes female workers"，Zheng Xiaoqiong and the object of writing are the real "zero distance" relationship，This relationship makes her workers' writing achieve a leap from "endorsement" to "self -reporting"。Her poems are based on a real work experience，Naturally has a cold and hard work texture。Just like Zheng Xiaoqiong said frankly in "Writing Poetry and Workers": "As a witness, it will be more real than as an onlooker，The machine smashed in your own hands. It feels different in the hands of others，It is different from the writers at the grassroots level of the coal mine and the writers.，The former will be more painful，It feels much deep。"Zheng Xiaoqiong arrived in the" vast crowd "with poetry" from individual life "，Both the pain of the physical and spiritual of the female workers，It also expresses the times、Critical thinking of the social and industrial system。

In a sense,，Zheng Xiaoqiong's factory writing as a witness has some similarity with the trend of "workers writing" in the 1950s and 1960s，But there are differences in its essence。Zheng Xiaoqiong's poetry is the spontaneous expression of individual life experience，This is very different from the traditional "bet365 best casino games Writer Writing" in accordance with the main theme of the times; the lyrical inside of Zheng Xiaoqiong's poetry is critical realism，and the lyrical inside of the traditional "worker poetry" is revolutionary romanticism。Now，This lyrical method of Zheng Xiaoqiong has formed a new tradition，In Fan Yusu's "My Poetry: Contemporary Workers' Poetry" and "I am Fan Yusu"、Hu An's "I Send Express in Beijing"、Wang Jibing's "Instead of Time" and other works，We can all see Zheng Xiaoqiong -style workers writing，Just more diverse -no longer just express pain and difficulties，At the same time, there are also labor joy and poetry of life。

Of course，The current female literature workers write non -fiction as the mainstream，does not mean that traditional fictional literature style micro。"Workers" (first part)、Bi Shumin's "Female Workers" and Lu Min’s "Six -person Dinner"，corresponding to the traditional writing of the 20th century。"Workers" (first part) Describes the rural youth Wujiagen in northern Jiangsu rural Wujiagen to find a father to come to Shanghai，He has become a dock worker and a shipping factory worker，and the call of the leader of the industrial transportation to generate class consciousness、On the road of revolution。The Book of China is established in the book、Gu Zhenghong's death and other real historical events，History of the Communist Party of China、The history of workers' movement is integrated with Shanghai city history，Become a typical revolutionary historical narrative。Different from the traditional revolutionary history narrative is，The plot of the novel is more tortuous legend，The character image is also more vulgar and is no longer a hero of the "high school"。Bi Shumin's "Female Workers" and Lu Min's "Six -Man Dinner" involved the fate and emotion of workers in the 1990s，It can be regarded as the development of the "realist shock wave" at the time under the new historical conditions。"Female Workers" because the image of the heroine Pu Xing is too idealized, and there is a lack of the strength and sharpness of life，It is even regarded as "abandonment of realism" (Liu Shuwen、Zhao Peilin's "On the Views of Bi Shumin's Novels" Female Workers ")。Lu Min's "Six People Dinner" is just the opposite，Novel Focus on the emotion and fate of the two families in the cross street factory area in the torrent of the times，Show strong critical awareness and history in compassion、The depth of human reflection。

　　The presentation of industrial landscape and labor dialectics

Early in the founding of New China，Mao Dun has summarized the shortcomings of workers 'theme literary works in "Summary Working Workers' Art Movement。In his opinion，"Among bet365 best casino games the new literary works in 30 years，Write the life of workers，Not many ... Writing workers write like workers，That's less。The reason is that the writer is not familiar with the life of the workers -he has no experience in factory life，Even what he saw，Just workers who are walking on the road instead of workers working in the factory "。After more than 70 years，This phenomenon still exists。Writers often focus on workers' love、Family、Marriage and other daily life，But less positively express industrial production landscape and workers' labor scene。Workers' writing of female literature does not reach the degree of consciousness and general extent in these two aspects，But there is a great change in the overall。

In Lu Min、Siren and other writers，Factory area、Factory is not only the real field of workers' activities，At the same time, it also becomes a metaphor and meaningful space image of the fate of the character。"Six -person Dinner" opening is a thousand -word factory environment description，Mixed with the desire "at the alkyl phenyl plant、Thermal power plant、Plastic Factory、The intermediate zone of the electronic pipe factory "" Cross Street，The intermediate zone of the electronic pipe factory "" Cross Street。In the eyes of the old -generation workers such as Ding Bogang，It is "docile，Vast "" The cutest place in the world "; for the younger generation of Xiaolan and other children，"Throwing the factory and its falling forever behind you" is the largest life ambition。"Yan Shangzhu in the mirror" with the night steel material factory "silent ... strong iron fishy gas pour in the lung leaf，Mild dizziness。Black dust particles cover all "，Metaphor for the deserted mood and stagnant life of the protagonist。"Dust -free workshop" is described in an all -round description of the workshop environment，Create omnipresent depression atmosphere。"A bunch of strange devices，Rough bending tube，Large hood like a range hood，They are all wrapped into silver white，It looks like a kind of space effect "，Lenovo that caused the author to produce "these monsters look down at us above our heads"，It indicates that the production labor in this space will be destined to be nervous、Closed and isolated。

As a friend who focuses on the Guangdong Flowing Line, a friend，Zheng Xiaoqiong and Siren's emotional attitude have clear differences。Zheng Xiaoqiong's poetry clearly reveals the criticism of the labor line labor: "Life" in "Life" is lit with memories，But extinguish it between the seven -day streamline between a week "、"Electronic Factory" "Youth Wrapped in White Workers" like "tailored grass and trees"，Name，Beauty "and" Actions cut by flowing water，Views，Eyes、"Product narrative" Bet365 app download "String and Filmline，A throbbing hissing，Pain is next door "and other verses，All express the youth of the assembly line to people、Emotional、Health、Happy deprivation and destruction。Compared with it，It is Siren's positive affirmation of the assembly line in "Dustless Workshop" and "Nikko work"。Her text does not avoid the imprisonment and materialization of the flow line，But it also expresses the appreciation of the assembly line: "It has humble sweetness and peace of mind。Salary of clearly marked price，No deception、No fraud，Accurate to every working hour。Always open your arms to you，You can eat full meals or sleep well，You will never go without any way。It is a bowl of clean rice，and，Right qi。"In an interview with reporters，Siren even explicitly proposed that "the assembly line does not need sympathy"，"Everyone is rewarded with the value of labor，Equality，Public，It is worthy of respected "(" Siren: "Dust -free workshop" is written "I" ")。

Indeed，In Siren's vision，"Labor" has been given an independent connotation and received special attention。There are a large number of labor scene narratives in her work，"Labor" in her pen, except for tension、tired and fatigue，There is no shortage of joy and beauty。For example，She wrote a large assembly line on the spot "Happy Highly Labor"，Writing an electronic tobacco factory "The workshop is full of a strong candy flavor"，Write a worker "There is an eye -catching logo on the chest of the worker"，Orange，like a flame "; and the workers of the jewelry factory" turn up and down the fingers，I also like to stir up my little thumb，It's very pleasing to see if he work alone "。Also because of this，Some reporters use "work literature not only with suffering" to describe her work。Although Siren also writes the pain often in migrant literature、tired、Angry、humiliation emotion，But at the end，These emotions are eliminated by some unexpected warmth and affirmation of labor value，Forms a Yangshuo -style "song end elegance" mode。Although we cannot conclude that this drama -style warmth end is the true life，But it cannot deny，Siren's work provides us with another expression paradigm of "assembly line labor"，The Labor Dialectic Law contained in it，Open the new dimension written by workers。

　　Gender position, individual experienceThe meaning and limit of writing

Writers of female literature presents the perspective of women -centered industrial life observation angle and discourse method。Female writer or female survival situation describing the front line of industrial production，or focusing on the fate of women in industrial reform，Or set bet365 live casino games the role of "female leader" in the description of workers' growth，A conscious or unconscious form shows the experience and subjectivity of being a woman。Zheng Xiaoqiong is committed to "female workers", "find out", "out", "one by one"，Restore it as "daughter、Mother、Wife's "independent individual identity"。Ding Yan found in the comparison of "factory girl" and "factory boy"，"Women's patience and tenacity" make it "suitable for a long time to sit next to the assembly line"，Then there is a reversal of gender weakness in treatment and recruitment opportunities。Lu Min's loyalty to physical desire through Su Qin、The moral resistance to the "Cross Street" and the Escape from Xiao Lan，In the context of the absence of men (or death or amnesia or stay in the state of children), the spirit of independence of women。Guan Yancao set up the "leader" of the night school teacher Xia Qiulian for the growth of Wujiagen，But the identity of the latter as an emotional partner who is working hard has disappeared the subjectivity of this female image。It is this expression that is not only from female experience nor a feminine position，The contact of female literature and vast industrial production and depth of social history。Discovery of the independent spirit of women with modern significance，Still disclosure of women still trapped in the traditional "second sex" barrier，Or is the presence of the paradox survival situation of "alienation" and "achievement" in industrial production，All shows the efforts of women actively expressing and constructing themselves in industrial themes。As a field that is more modern than family and natives，Industrial production also provides a broad space for the improvement of women's situation and the growth of the subjectiveness。

In the writing of female literature，Direct writing based on personal micro experience occupies a considerable proportion。Of course, this way of writing has its positive significance。First，Due to the authors' personal experience and witness observation on the spot as the foundation，These texts generally have rich details and full emotion，It is easy to stimulate the reader's "empathy" and glowing strong artistic appeal。Next，The positive affirmation of the work value of the work and the strong survival power displayed by the work，Not only has the contact of women and industrial production，It also touched some fundamental problems in human survival。Last，The hard life of the work is conceptualized for the usual narrative.、"Private Novel "'s excessive rendering of inner desire and the" suspended "phenomenon of certain commercial Bet365 app download writing，All played a similar effect of "strong heart needle"。，Many writers often reveal the survival situation of a class of people in groups，Follow objects that are easy to gather as public issues，Breakout from the edge to the center。It is also in this sense，The micro -experience writing of these female writers also has the value of sociology and anthropology。

true，Based on personal experience、Writing workers by participants and witnesses is the director of the current female literature，But I only persist in writing of personal direct experience，In the depth of reflection of the breadth of life and historical reflection, there is no shortage of lack。Coincidental is，Writer writing of female literature presents distinctive regionality，Its writing vision is basically limited to Shanghai、Shenzhen、Dongguan and other southern cities，and lack of observation for the Northeast/Northern Cities。Workers of female literature should go further，I still need to be able to have a consciously jump out of personal experience、Back to historical tradition、Establish works with a broad connection with the society of the times and have transcendence and reflection。or，Workers of female literature are well -written、sharp and full，but in depth、Starts still need to work hard。Looking forward to the future female literary workers' writing can achieve bright results in this perspective。

　(Author is an associate professor at the School of Culture Communication of the School of Labor Relations)