Since Freud has created psychological biography，This field has experienced buds、Formed、Development three stages。Although there are more than a hundred years of history，But published by "Psychological Biography Manual" written by a dozen internationally renowned psychological biographies，Only established the basic theory and method of the branch discipline，Psychological biography can be formally established as a branch of psychology。

　　Bet365 lotto review

Most of the early engaged in psychological biopology research is psychoanalyst，Psychological biography is regarded as the application of psychoanalysis，This concept is still accepted by most people in today's psychological biography research。Professor Shu Yueyu of Northwest Normal University believes，Psychological biography inherited Freud's thoughts in two aspects: first，By analyzing the impact of subconsciously on the individual by analyzing the incident in the early years，Analyze the motivation behind the major life choice of individual life; second，Following the most mysterious human beings、The most secretive inner psychological activity that you do not even know。Visible，Psychoanalysis is in a very important position in psychological biography research。But，The scientific nature of psychoanalysis is often questioned by mainstream psychology，So，Is psychological biography based on psychoanalysis science?

Is psychological biography science，Depending on the bet365 live casino games definition of science。Logic empiricalism believes，Science must be confirmed or proved for pseudo，Everything is not scientific。Scientific view based on logical empiricalism，Psychological biography is not science。But，Logic empiricalism is just a understanding of science at a historical stage，It cannot monopolize all the scientific views of human beings。Human life contains myths、Religious、Art、Ethics、Multi -dimensional world, including science and philosophy，Therefore, the inquiry of science must be a multi -disciplinary，The object of scientific research must also be rich，​​It is not limited to the material world，It should also involve human spiritual world。So，For different objects，Science should have multiple forms，The understanding of science should also have a more open vision。From the perspective of postmodernism，Science is human historical activity，It and art、Philosophy、There is no essential difference between religion。Before postmodern，Humanistic psychology maintains different understanding of this discipline at the beginning of psychology。In the book "Introduction to Psychiatric Science" in Dilai，Science is divided into two categories: natural science and psychiatric science。As a psychological biography that belongs to psychiatric science，The purpose is to study the spiritual level and meaning of people，These are fundamental to people，Although it cannot be verified，It is also not fake，But it is the closest life world，The most useful to people。If the value of these spiritual and Bet365 app download meaning is ignored，It will bring the unwell from the modern mind，Even morbid development。Therefore, it can be said，Psychological biography is a broad sense of science，Its philosophical basis is to distinguish the interpretation of logical empirical。

　Methodism of Psychological Biography

Interpretation as a humanistic orientation、Philosophy that tends to pay attention to the value and meaning of people，Bleeding with psychoanalysis theory，It constitutes the philosophical methodology of psychological biography research。The earliest object of interpretation is the interpretation of the Bible and the interpretation of classical literature。Dilai defines the general method of interpretation as a common method for humanities。One of the representatives of contemporary interpretations Paul Lico tried to set up a bridge between methodology interpretation and ontology interpretation，This bridge is the theory of text。This theory thinks，Any words fixed by writing can be seen as text。This coincides with Gadamer's spirit of "text transmission"，Both emphasize the core meaning of "text" for "text"，Emphasized "text" not only includes "text circulation"，It also includes "non -text circulation"，Such as a movie、Painting、Art works, etc.。

Later，Like explained Freud's psychoanalytic theory as an interpretation，and expand the concept of "text" to the theory of psychoanalysis，If it is included in the symbol of psychoanalysis、Dream, etc.。He thinks，These non -text forms also express meaning，Therefore, it can also become the object of interpretation。This further expands the category bet365 live casino games of "text"，also replaced "meaning" as the core concept of Like interpretation。Danolo does not have infinite expansion of interpretation field，This is reflected in his distinction of "symbol" and "symbol"。He believes that the "symbol" has only the first layer of meaning function，It is the meaning of the emotional carrier in the "symbol"。and "symbol" except the meaning of the emotional carrier，There is also the second layer of meaning structure。The two layers of the symbol of the symbol refers to the premise of symbols，This symbol has the initial、Literal、Obvious significance (that is, the surface layer means)，Through this significance, it involves another significance (that is, deep meaning)。"Symbol" in psychoanalysis is the core of psychological biopsy analysis，Psychological biography through the surface of the surface to prove deep meaning。For example, when analyzing Zhuge Liang's "Teacher"，The general public can only understand that the surface layer means the relationship between the monarch and minister。But the analysis of psychological biography can find the deep meaning of the symbol of symbolic，That is, Zhuge Liang as the emperor's words，Change the relationship between him and the emperor，and turn the relationship between the monarch and minister into a psychological father -son relationship。

　　Technical practice of psychological biopsy

Current，Psychological biography analysis has different modes，Among them, a psychological biographies with "suspense problems" have certain representativeness。The steps of this analysis mode are as follows。

First，Determination of Bet365 lotto review the Lord and Suspense。The research target of psychological biopsy is those extraordinary figures that affect the historical process，Known as the Lord。When choosing to pass the Lord，You need to consider whether there are sufficient text materials and non -text information，At the same time, it is necessary to consider whether the social evaluation of the Lord is neutral。After the Lord is determined，It is necessary to determine the suspense problem。Suspense problems can be something that ordinary people have experienced in the life of the host life; it can be the aspect of self -conflicting in the life of the Lord;，Achievements that are difficult to achieve or show amazing and shocking aspects of life。Suspense problems can expand the boundary of human nature，Pind the research of psychology to the depths of human nature。

Second，Data selection and analysis。After confirming the suspense problem，Screening the biographies of many texts and non -text，Analysis of some important indicators in psychoanalysis，For example, "Highlighting sexual indicators", "prototype scene" and Zheng Jianhong's "growth key factor"。In Song Xiaomin's comparative psychological biography research on Liu Bang and Xiang Yu，Selected and analyzed all Liu Bang's biographies of Liu Bang using the "Evanic Index"，Discovered a lot of information that conforms to the "frequency" indicator，If various miracles events that occur repeatedly in the biographical information，These miracles have occurred from his unique life to the emperor。These events that repeatedly appear in the biographical information bet365 Play online games can be judged as the most important in the life of the host life、Key events that have a strong explanation for the personality of the host，Therefore, it is necessary。

third，The choice and development of theory。Theoretically speaking，As long as you can explain the psychological theory of the suspense problem of the host，can be used as analysis of the main information of the main information。Due to the deep psychological power structure involved in the biographical information，Therefore, more use of psychoanalysis theory to explain。But when using existing theoretical interpretation of the Lord，Often found that existing theoretical limitations and deficiencies。Extraordinary people for psychological biography，It is to discover the "highest level" of humans in some aspects，This will continue to expand the boundary of human nature，Discover more psychological blind spots of humans。So，When there is already the theory that the theory cannot be explained，Need to produce and develop new psychological theories on this basis。This is part of the most vitality of psychological biography research。

Scientific research basis is methodology，Methodism of Psychological Biography is the foundation and prerequisite of psychological biography development。Psychological biopology research based on explanation as a philosophical foundation has important practical significance，Not only can promote the development of scientific psychology research，It can also expand the application scope of existing research results to the public，value of psychological research。

　(Author is an associate professor at the School of Education of Tongren College)