Aesthetic scholars reflect on the capitalist system
January 17, 2020 08:04 Source: "China Social Sciences" January 17, 2020, No. 1860 Author: Reporter Wang Youran

In recent years,With the rise of political instability in Western countries、Social contradictions excitement,The reflection of the capitalist system in the academic community is also increasing。January 5,The Honorary Retirement Professor of the University of Dongmi Xiegen's Honor Honor Walter G. Moss published an article on the Historical News online hosted by the University of George Washington, "Capitalism or Socialism: Capitalism Really" Is it victory?,Capitalism does not win,American capitalism that is not restricted is subverting American democracy、Damage the quality of life of the people。

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Moss Speaking,The industrial revolution that originated in Western countries in the 18th century that the industrial revolution originated in Western countries has strongly drove world economic development and scientific and technological progress,Usually regarded as the progress of human society,But many capitalists who lead the industrial revolution hosted the hostile attitude towards the people,Do not care about the common interests of the whole society。Capitalism in the 19th century failed bet365 best casino games to eliminate unsafe labor conditions、Unfair business behavior、Environmental pollution、Public hygiene backward、A large existence of slums、hire children's workers、Unfair income,I did not answer the question "Whether it should be allowed to coexist with giant wealth and the poverty"。At that time,Especially Marxism becomes the main challenger of capitalism。

Moss thinks,Marxism also affects the social trends of social thoughts that challenge the 19th century capitalism,One of them is the progressist of prevailing in the United States in the late 19th century and early 20th century,Historians call this period from 1890-1920 as the "progressive era" of the United States (specific starting year,The opinions of the academic circles are different)。​​but but,Progressism does not try to overthrow or replace capitalism,Instead, I hope to limit and supplement capitalism。After the end of World War I and more than ten years after the Republican rule,,With the Democratic Party candidate Roosevelt was elected president in 1932 and implemented the "Roosevelt New Deal",Progressism returns to the United States。Since then,The US economy has always been a "mixed type"。The US State Department once said in an introduction article on the US economy,"The US economy is often described as a capitalist Bet365 app download economy,But the more suitable description may be the 'hybrid' economy,Government and private enterprises both play an important role in the economy "。After World War II,Many Western European countries have established a welfare country system,The economy has also become "mixed"。Overall,Compared to the United States,More support provided by the Western European government to the disadvantaged group,Control of the national economy is also stronger。

Also mentioned in the article,Today's capitalism is very different from the capitalism before the "progressive era",Democratic socialism in Europe's prevailing situation is also different from when the German Social Democratic Party was successful in 1912。Now,Main countries in Europe are mixed with capitalism and democratic socialist elements,For example, the country of the Navia region is not a complete socialist country,It is not a complete capitalist country; the United States and Canada can be regarded as democratic capitalist countries。It can be seen by reviewing history,"Victory of Capitalism" is an overly simple judgment,The political and economic system of Western countries has already become more complicated and "mixed"。

 Capitalism erosion public interest

From Mos,,Some people make a mistake of "Capitalism Winning",The concept of bet365 live casino games capitalism and socialism is excessively simplified、narrow understanding and publicity related。For a long time,American conservatives use "socialism" and "socialist" as attacking political opponents、Words that stimulate the panic of the people。In the 1960s, the US Congress discussed in Federal Medical Insurance,American Medical Association hires Reagan that will become President in the future,Recording a recording entitled "Ronald Reagan publicly opposed to social medical care"。Reagan said that federal medical insurance is a means to impose socialism to the American people,If you do not stop it,Other government projects will be invaded into various fields of citizens' freedom,Until Americans find that they have a socialist system。February 2019,US President Trump's 2020 election campaign team ironically competitor Bonie Sanders "has won the Democratic Primary Election debate,Because each candidate supports ‘Sanders Socialism’ ”。

Mos said in an interview with this reporter,German sociologist Max Weber and American conservative economist Milton Friedman have pointed out,The primary goal of capitalism is profitability,Friedman even believes that profit is the main social responsibility of the enterprise。but,Any economic system requires the government to put common interests in the bet365 Play online games first place,and capitalism as American sociologist Daniel Bell said,"Principles without morality or transcendence,It has created amazing contradictions inside the American social structure "。Driven by the profitability of profit,Large -scale capitalist enterprises often disregard public interest and security,Even collusion with government officials。

December 2019,US Pacific Gas and Power Company announced bankruptcy,And agreed to compensate US $ 13.5 billion for the victims of fire victims in northern California in the past two years。2017-2018,The company has repeatedly aging due to power supply facilities、Inamination of maintenance and management causes fire,Among them, two worst fires in the modern history of California,Cause nearly 20,000 residential damage、More than 100 people die、100,000 Houses No Institute。October 2019,The company has also stopped powering 800,000 users to prevent the outbreak of wild fires,As a result, California's economic loss exceeds $ 2 billion。According to American media reports,Pacific Gas and Electric Power Company admitted that they have only completed 31%of the Trees pruning targets specified in the hidden dangers of the California to eliminate fire hazards.。According to the company's former employee broke the news,This company has started to reduce trees pruning Bet365 app download operations in the middle of the 1980s。

Government、Judicial organs and external supervision agencies should have prevented and punished corporate behaviors that violate laws and regulations,But under the legal and political system of American capitalist,Enterprises and financial institutions are able to squeeze huge profits and enjoy the de facto "exemption power" after the accident.。Every state in the United States has a public business committee,However, the US non -profit news institution Public Integrity Center investigation found,Most of the heads of the Public Business Committee in the United States have a direct economic interest relationship with the industry that should be supervised。

Moss said,Unbroken enterprises like Pacific Gas and Electric Power Company are not uncommon in all walks of life,The phenomenon that they endanger the safety of the people's lives and property for profit,Repeatedly proved the high price of unrestrained capitalism。Capitalism is far from victory,For the United States,The fair and moral economic system that integrates socialist elements will better serve the common interests of society。

Editor in charge: Changchang
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