New crown pneumonia epidemic caused by impact on human health and social operations，A large amount of resources are invested in various countries for epidemic prevention and control、Carry out related medical research，to reduce economic and people's livelihood losses。Some scholars think，The prevention and control of the epidemic provides a new perspective for the development of human society，Take human society as a complex system，It is possible to lead humans to a better future。The concept of complex system、Features and its scientific development，The reporter interviewed relevant experts and scholars。

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Introduction to scholars from the Society of Complex Systems of the International Research Institutions，The definition of complex systems can be borrowed from the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle's "overall more than the sum of the sum"，The collective behavior of the component part of the component promotes the emergence of system attributes。

Director of Collective Calculation Group of Santafei Research Institute、Professor Jessica FLACK said，Human living in a complex system with multiple interactions and unpredictable collective behavior，Understand the key features of complex systems，helps understand and cope with global challenges。Melanie Mitchell, a professor of complexity research at the Santa Fei Research Institute in the United States, said，The component bet365 best casino games of the complex system constitutes a large network，Then a complex collective behavior was generated、Precision information processing mode，and adaptive formed by learning or evolution。ant nest、Brain、immune system、Economy、Modern energy and remote communication infrastructure，All belong to the complex system。

The development of theoretical research of different disciplines and the progress of computer science，Promoting theoretical research of complex systems。The science of complex system originated from the control theory and system theory developed in the 1950s，At the same time, it is deeply affected by the research of the theory of power system and cell automatic machine。other，The increasing scientific research institutions committed to complex system research。1983，American physicist J. Doyne Farmer (J. Doyne Farmer) and others held the first discussion of cell automatic machine、Power System Theory、Physics、Biology、Meeting of the relationship between chemical rooms。1984，A number of scientists including American physics chemist George Cowan founded the Santa Fei Institute。This research has promoted cross -disciplinary research as the original intention，Become the first scientific research institution that focuses on complex systems。2004 complex system Society was established in Europe，and became an international research institution in 2006。

Associate Professor Karoline Wiesner, associate professor of complex science of the University of Bristol, British University, told this reporter，Complex system science is an emerging bet365 live casino games scientific field，But it occupies an important position in the development of human society。Life system and intelligent system belong to complex systems，The universe itself also shows some features of complex systems。At this stage，In engineering、Medicine、Public policy formulation and other fields，People will learn from the concepts and methods of system science to solve important problems; in the business field，It also begun to use terms such as "stability" and "modular" in complex system sciences。

Westina said，The science of complex systems has multiple characteristics: more means different; non -life systems can also produce order; complexity comes from simple; coordinated behavior does not require a total controller; complex systems are often used as networks or information as information Processing systems to model; there are various uncharacteristic and universal behavior forms in complex systems; complex system science is computing、Probability; complex system science involves multiple disciplines; the order generated by complex systems is different from the order bet365 best casino games of the complex system itself。

　There is uncertainty

Fleke said，Human society as a complex system，Has collective and coupling。Collective refers to the combination of people's behavior，It will cause the scale effect of society; coupling refers to people's views and behaviors depends on the views and behaviors of others，Social and economic structures established by everyone。For example，Some investors see the downward trend of the stock market，Selling your own stock immediately，Other investors also sell bet365 Play online games them from public psychology，Finally caused the stock market to plummet。The results of individual actions have the overall effect on the system，It may strengthen or change the initial mode in the system。

The difficulty of the study of complex system lies in the non -positive distribution of the event。People are more familiar with incidents of normal distribution，The results are mostly within the expected range，3484_3525，But the influence is great and often exceeds expectations。The occurrence of tail events will increase the probability of the occurrence of subsequent similar events，If the stock market falls sharply、aftershocks after the Great Earthquake。The initial probability of the initial occurrence of secondary tail events is very low，But the occurrence of the first -level tail event changed the rules，Leading the probability of the occurrence of secondary tail incidents increase。

The complex system also has non -smooth (Nonstationarity) features。On the one hand，The complex system itself and the information flow of the system changes。For example，Collaborative evolution of parasites and hosts，It reflects the non -smooth characteristics bet365 best casino games of the complex system。On the other hand，The study and use of people's existing information will change individual behavior，Then change the system behavior。Guide Hart's Law proposal，Under the pressure of control，Any statistical regularity observed tend to dissipate; when a indicator becomes a goal，It will no longer be a good indicator。People may achieve a goal through improper manipulation，Lost this indicator as bet365 best casino games a function of an objective evaluation standard。

　　Wide application prospects

Michelle said，The complex system is unpredictable，You need to plan a variety of possibilities。People should accept and use the uncertainty bet365 best casino games of the complex system。As American mathematician John Allen Paulo said，Uncertainty is the only certainty，Knowing how to coexist with insecurity is a way to get a sense of security。Interesting to make limited predictions、Control system behavior，and take the priority task to achieve specific results，People should focus on those who can cope with various possible prospects、Strong design、On the system with adaptability。This method that provides uncertainty as a fact that has a constructive potential facts，Known as new engineering。New engineering requires people to learn more about the production process of collective wisdom，Divided into two stages: during the cumulative stage，Collect information about how the world runs; in the aggregation stage，Convergence the information collected by the individual。Individuals may be due to factors such as prejudice or risk disgust，Error interpretation data，The aggregation mechanism will make up for this。

Westina thinks，Complex system science has theoretical value and application value。At the theoretical level，Calculate neuroscience、Genetics、Popular disease and other scientific research areas benefit from the development of science of complex systems，Research tools that absorb complex system science，Especially network theory。At the application level，Research Bet365 app download on complex systems provides ideas and tools for solving real problems，If epidemic prevention and control。Overall，The important value of the research of complex systems is that it provides a unique way of thinking — across discipline boundaries、Different systems for different differences，and abstract the phenomenon in the real world into a network that can analyze mathematics and computer tools。From the view of Westina，Complex system science and traditional social sciences supplement。Social Science brings extremely rich knowledge and open issues worth exploring，Complex system science provides research tools and abstracting new problems，The combination of the two has huge development potential。

Director of the Research Group of the University of Sydney University of Sydney、Professor Mikhail Prokopenko told this reporter，Epidemiology is an important aspect of the current complex system scientifically assisting in social challenges。For example，A study published in March this year，Research and developing an agent base model with a complex system，Successfully applied to model modeling for Australian new crown pneumonia。This model compares several epidemic conditions to slow and curb strategies，and provide real -time policy recommendations on the minimum level of maintaining social distance。This research also accurately predicts the first epidemic peak and restricted epidemic rebound time in Australia。Proco Pengko thinks，As people continue to explore this interconnected world，The scale of the research of complex systems will continue to expand。