Research Ethics is an important issue in scientific research，Relative to all aspects of scientific research from value orientation to practical operations; it is closely related to academic research，It is also the object of academic research。With the development of social science，Social science research ethics should keep pace with the times，Showing a new role。In recent years，Participating research and "North and South Cooperation" and other topics have received widespread attention from scholars，For these hot issues，Our reporter interviewed relevant foreign scholars。

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Associate Professor Nicole Brown, Associate Professor of the College of Education and Social Sciences of the University of London, England recently said in the article "Research Ethics in the Continuous Social Sciences"，Research ethical issues should be viewed in the background of the dual development of academic and academic research methods。Over the past few decades，The social science community has witnessed a series of important changes，These changes are related to the natural evolution of research，Also related to innovative needs，This has an impact on a wider range of social sciences。Under the pursuit of creativity，Researchers constantly adjust the existing method path，Rebound the existing border and the consideration of ethics while pioneering and innovating。Social Science Research Ethics has experienced language and narrative steering、Participate in steering、Reflective steering、Creative steering、Sensory and body turn。

At the same time，Social reflection on the issue of equality and diversity also affects the field of social science research。For example，In the field of medicine，Pay more and more attention to let bet365 live casino games patients join related research and planning for treatment and care。More participation、The research method of equalism highlights the dispersion of characters and responsibilities，With this change，There are more groups、Institutions and even local communities began to actively organize、Initiative or commissioned research，Develop your own research agenda，Especially in evaluation and exploration research, "What is effective for us"。Social science researchers are not only pure researchers，It is still the advocate in its research background、Activityr and practitioner; research itself is not only a process of collecting knowledge，Still cooperation between researchers and research participants to build knowledge together。Social science research developed in this context，It has stronger liquidity and uncertainty in dealing with ethical issues，Static、Snapshot ethical review application form and dynamic dialogue negotiation process is difficult to maintain the same，The result is often a compromise。

Ethical review approval procedures for participating research are difficult to complete at one time，Brown suggestion，First，Approval procedures can increase the "principle approval" link，When the details of the research project are not completely clear，Researchers can apply for "Approval in principle"，Get the required protection，So China Unicom with participants and stakeholders，Explore the background of the research venue、Environment and Features，Formulate a complete research plan。This adjustment allows the applicant to better abide by the process，Make ethical behavior。Second，Establish a special ethical review position，Responsible for reviewing and passing ethical application。Take Britain as an example，Brown called，Academic institutions do not allocate specific working hours or remuneration for ethical censorship，Instead, the staff of academic institutions voluntarily choose to bet365 live casino games participate，As a result of the examiner, it may not be an expert in the professional direction of the project，The ethical application of the participating research project may be overturned by these "non -professional"。So，Need to establish an ethical committee composed of review experts，It is expected to allocate the review items for it according to the expert's own expertise。Correspondingly，Academic institutions can strengthen the exchange and cooperation of professional knowledge and skills in each other，Staff is not limited to participating in ethical review in their own work units，You can also play a role in other institutions as an external expert。

Professor Lesley Wood, a professor at the School of Education of Northwestern University of South Africa, also noticed the question of the knowledge and skills reserves of the reviewer's knowledge and skills，but but，They are not concerned about the deficiencies of professionalism，Instead, I don’t understand the emerging research paradigm。Wood and others discovered，It is difficult to understand ethical behavior in community -based research，Part of the reason is that it is different from the traditional mainstream paradigm in terms of concepts and methods，Not within the content of the research ethical training that is not required。This makes it easier for researchers to encounter frustration，In the return and re -application，Ethical review process is often stretched。As a solution，They advocate adding community -based research ethics to the voluntary ethics training of colleges and universities。

　The ethical challenges brought by "North and South Cooperation"

In recent years，Increased multinational cooperation research project，Following it is a wider and profound ethical challenge。Some researchers are committed to identifying the omissions and blind spots of existing ethical guidelines in transnational cooperation，Where，The "North -South Cooperation" of developed bet365 Play online games countries and developing countries in the academic field is a hot issue。

Ethical Guide to be more cut questions、More targeted，Perhaps better effects。Scholars such as Kate Chatfield, editor -in -chief of the "Research Ethics" journal of the United States，Although the new crown epidemic makes the necessity and potential interests of international research cooperation, the focus of attention，But people have long recognized the necessity of responding to global challenges with cooperation，This demand is particularly obvious in special fields。For example，In the field of health research，Cooperation is regarded as narrowing the global health gap、Key to promote the development of national research capabilities for low -income and middle -income countries。Due to the background of research cooperation between high -income countries and low -income countries, there is inequality，may cause power imbalance between partners。

Chartfield and others pointed out，International research projects should help reduce instead of exacerbating inequality，and summarized the action to promote local community participation research、Respect local custom habits、A series of experiences such as dual ethical review in the consent of the informed consent。One aspect，What factors do you need to find to help establish a fair research partnership，Including the existing collaboration bonds between the institutions of the research project and the community、Increase personnel construction intensity、Showing a clear willingness to cooperate with local community interests and cooperative efforts、Establish a formal complaint and feedback mechanism, etc.; On the other hand，What factors to identify will constitute an obstacle，Pay attention to labor employment in different countries、Differences and moral norms in the fields of data protection、Cultural differences，Formulate a strategy to deal with potential dilemma in this regard，When encountering an unpredictable problem, bet365 best casino games start the risk management procedure formulated by the relevant parties。

Lennart Kaplan, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Gosteen University of Gosteen, told reporters，Although the important problem in the attempt to solve the international development is a praised business，But it may also lead to a large number of researchers who have not been fully prepared to come to a strange environment to engage in high -challenging work。Considering that research objects often belong to vulnerable groups，And some research is plagued by poverty and political instability，Both research objects and researchers are facing risks。In this case，Identification of blind spot issues、Raise the level of recognition、Get full training and guidance criteria that meet the specific circumstances, it is very important。Capland and other scholars recently published a research results entitled "Protecting the" Blind Points in Ethics Guide "。This research pointed out，The principle of "avoid damage" is not limited to research participants，It should also include the researcher itself。Capland told reporters，Lucky is，The academic community is becoming more and more interested in such problems，He is glad to see more researchers participating in the discussion of this topic。

Future -oriented ethical agenda needs to work together

Social science research ethical issues are closely related to social science researchers，But to formulate and implement future research ethical agenda requires the joint efforts of all parties。From Brown's view，The concept of changing is very important，Especially for the management of higher education institutions。Many social science researchers have regarded research ethics as an opportunity，Critical、Reflection explore their ideas and assumptions in research decision -making，Responsible for society's demands on fairness and justice。Managers also need to respect these basic principles，and embed them into the work of the research ethical review procedure and research committee，Encourage the bet365 Play online games research ethical committee members to be more supportive、Development and vibrant direction move，Maintain synchronization of the ethical review process and the continuous development social science research pattern。

Brown also mentioned some more delicate、Questions that are not easy to find，For example，Due to the rise in marketization of higher education and economic downturn in some countries in some periods，Researchers can no longer get long -term job opportunities in universities and scientific research institutions as in the past，What provides them today may be short -term contracts or temporary positions with lower stability。Some people have chosen alternative and supplementary work，Leave the traditional academic world，or as a consultant，Or becoming an independent researcher，or engage in research work in non -academic institutions such as public welfare institutions，They may also need to ask the ethical review of the research project。Facing the diversification of the affiliation relationship of personnel，University、Publishing companies and research funders must strive to reduce the gap between them and traditional researchers，Support such researchers and its organizations to complete the ethical process。This is because the role of the ethics committee is not to maintain a certain institution，Instead, it is ensured that the research is completed in an ethical manner and all relevant personnel are not harmed。Brown believes，This is the current construction more fair、Natural steps needed to go through the tolerance higher education culture。

Capland also emphasized the importance of joint efforts。He said to reporters，Although researchers can improve their understanding，and make certain contributions to the formulation of ethical guidance standards，But they urgently need the overall support of the academic research environment。Journal editors can supervise ethical considerations more carefully，bet365 best casino games Universities and research institutions can be more actively responsible for the research ethical project review of human subjects in various disciplines，Public funding agencies need to carefully consider ethical issues when making funding decisions，It also needs to reflect the relevant considerations in the budget，Because the working conditions of the researchers and the compensation obtained by the research participants depends to a large extent on the funds provided by the research project。