Throughout the history of ancient Chinese art，The largest number of horse art works created during the bet365 voucher、Wide variety、His achievements have always amazed future generations。These artistic images of horses are not only unique treasures in the ancient Chinese art world，It is also a typical symbol for later generations to understand the spiritual world of the bet365 voucher。The reason is that the bet365 voucher attached great importance to horses、The level of deification and worship is also extremely rare throughout ancient Chinese history，There are a large number of literature records about horses in official histories such as "Historical Records", "Hanshu", "Houhanshu" and "Zi Zhi Tongjian Han Ji"。"Book of the Later Han·Biography of Ma Yuan" says: "Ma Yuan，The foundation of armor and soldiers，The great use of the country”，Clearly pointed out the irreplaceable important position and role of horses in the bet365 voucher。Art is a special way for humans to grasp the spiritual world，This article selects some representative artistic images of horses that will be seen by future generations，In order to understand the spiritual world of different historical periods it symbolizes from another perspective。

Early Western bet365 voucher: Majesty and humility

In the early Western bet365 voucher, the artistic images of horses seen by later generations mainly included pottery horses、Trojan horse、Bronze horses and jade horses, etc.，Represented by the Western bet365 voucher painted pottery horse unearthed in 1965 near the Changling Tomb of Liu Bang in Yangjiawan, Shaanxi。The excavation report "A Large Number of Painted Pottery Figurines of the Western bet365 voucher Unearthed from Yangjiawan, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province" published in 1966 is speculated based on the literature materials of "Shui Jing Zhu·Wei River" and "Han Shu·Zhang Chen Wang Zhou Biography"，The pottery horse may be Zhou Bo in the early Western bet365 voucher、Burial objects in the tomb of Zhou Yafu and his son，Belongs to one of the earliest large-scale terracotta warriors and horses discovered in my country。These pottery horses and equestrian figurines together form a military formation and funeral scene，Tao Ma has a strong and powerful body，The ponytail is thick and raised，The overall expression is majestic。Small pottery horses and equestrian figurines are only 50 cm tall，The large pottery horse and equestrian figurines are only 68 cm tall，Much lower than the realistic Terracotta Warriors and Horses from Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum unearthed in Lintong, Shaanxi Province in 1974，The height of the latter’s horse figurines is 150-172 cm，Length 200-203 cm。"Historical Records·Book of Rites" records that the etiquette in the early Western bet365 voucher "mostly followed the Qin Dynasty"，In this case，Why did the image and momentum of the Yangjiawan painted pottery horse in the Western bet365 voucher become so humble？The twelfth year of Emperor Gaozu of the bet365 voucher (195 BC)，Liu Bang composed and sang "The Great Wind Song" in his hometown，One of the lines "Weijiahai is returning home" heartily sings the majesty of the Western bet365 voucher，However, the phrase "A strong warrior will guard all directions" reveals another side of his spiritual world，Mainly due to the weakness of the early Western bet365 voucher due to the intrusion of the Huns but difficulty in defeating them。"Historical Records·Biography of the Xiongnu" records: "However, at Maodun, the Xiongnu was the most powerful，Obey the Northern Yi，The South and China are enemies。”The beginning of the Western bet365 voucher，National power is declining，Everything is waiting to be done，Facing strong strength、The aggressive Xiongnu will inevitably show a humble attitude。This was true even during the "Wenjing Period"，"Hanshu Biography of the Xiongnu" records: "The sixth year before Xiaowen (174 BC)，Left to the Xiongnu letter: ‘The emperor wishes to ask the Xiongnu whether the Great Chan is okay。’”Therefore, the artistic image of the Yangjiawan painted pottery horse can be said to be a typical symbol of the spiritual world that combined majesty and humility in the early Western bet365 voucher。

　The Period of Emperor Wu of the bet365 voucher: Conquest and Confidence

After Emperor Jing of the bet365 voucher，The Western bet365 voucher entered the Hanwu period。The artistic images of horses created during this period mainly include stone horses、Taoma、Trojan horses and gilt bronze horses, etc.，Among them, the stone horse that trampled the Huns is the most representative。The stone carvings of Horses and Huns are made of slightly decorated granite，The stone horse is 168 cm tall，Length 190 cm，A realistic life-size statue of a horse from the period of Emperor Wu of the bet365 voucher，The expression and form of the stone horse are full of confidence and strength，Can be called the originator of Chinese freehand commemorative sculptures。The special significance lies in the fact that the spiritual world during the period of Emperor Wu of the bet365 voucher underwent a huge change compared to the early period of the Western bet365 voucher，The high degree of self-confidence after realizing the desire to conquer the Huns。

"Hanshu Biography of the Xiongnu" contains the edict issued by Emperor Wu of the bet365 voucher in the fourth year of Taichu (101 BC) to besiege the Xiongnu，It says: "The Emperor Gao left me with worries about Pingcheng，Chanyu Shujue was rebellious during his reign。The revenge of the former Qi Xianggong for the ninth generation，"Spring and Autumn" Da Zhi。"This is the emotional catharsis of Emperor Wu of the bet365 voucher after he conquered the Huns。The economic strength and number of war horses during Emperor Wu of the bet365 voucher have reached the level needed to counterattack the Huns，"Historical Records·Pingzhunshu" records: "The capital's money amounted to tens of thousands，Dead and uncorrectable。Taicang Zhichen Chenxiangyin，Overflowing and exposed，Unable to be eaten until corrupted。There are horses in the streets and alleys of the common people，Groups between streets。"In addition, Emperor Wu of the bet365 voucher had Wei Qing under his command、Huo Qubing and other outstanding talents，Emperor Wu of the bet365 voucher was finally able to conquer the Xiongnu，Showing unprecedented dignity and confidence。The horse stepping on the Xiongnu stone sculpture is different from other horse art works of the bet365 voucher seen in later generations，Bury it as a burial object in the obscure underground，But directly exposed on the surface，Full of strong sense of pride and declaration。The artistic image of the stone horse in Horse Trampling the Huns is a typical symbol of the conquest of the Huns and the self-confidence of the spiritual world during the Han Wu Dynasty。

　Eastern bet365 voucher: Luxurious and uninhibited

Since Emperor Yuan of bet365 voucher，The decline of the Western bet365 voucher is very obvious。"Book of Han·Biography of Yan Xing" records: "The bet365 voucher declined in the Yuan Dynasty、成，Worst than sad、平。Sorrow、Pingzhiji，The country is full of provocations。”After the establishment of the Eastern bet365 voucher，The art of horse portraits is on the rise again，The number of art works created is astonishing，Also very charming。Many artistic images of horses appear on the portrait stone、Portrait Brick、Mural、Silk painting、Lacquer painting、Among pottery paintings and other Eastern bet365 voucher images。In terms of the number of statistics for later generations，In the art world created during the Eastern bet365 voucher, horse images were the most common，Among them, the theme of carriage and horse travel is the most common and prominent。The Xingyuan Village mural tomb unearthed in 1984 in Yanshi County, Henan (now Yanshi City) is currently one of the most complete Eastern bet365 voucher mural tombs in China，The artistic image of the horse in the "Traveling Picture of Chariots and Horses" in the tomb is very contagious。According to the article "Eastern bet365 voucher Mural Tomb in Xingyuan Village, Yanshi, Henan" based on the archaeological excavation report published in 1985，The tomb was built in the late Eastern bet365 voucher，The name of the tomb owner cannot be verified，But he is definitely a powerful nobleman from the Eastern bet365 voucher，The entire mural is 12 meters long from front to back，Depicting the scene of the tomb owner traveling by carriage，A total of nine safe trains are planned，More than fifty horses，The whole scene is luxurious and grand，Especially the horse’s hooves held high and prancing, showing even more boldness and unruliness。The excavation report speculates that the chariots, riders, guides and ceremonial guards depicted，Not consistent with the official position of the tomb owner，Something that goes beyond the control。Some scholars believe，This work "reflects to a certain extent the higher level of painting art in the bet365 voucher and the national outlook and spiritual temperament of the bet365 voucher society"， It can also be said that the artistic image of the horse in the picture is a symbol of the spiritual world during the Eastern bet365 voucher。

Throughout the bet365 voucher, the spiritual world was popular through thick burials in order to continue to enjoy secular life in another world after death，Especially during the Eastern bet365 voucher, the powerful nobles pursued luxury。This is related to the economic development during the Eastern bet365 voucher、Social stability and the basic collapse of the Xiongnu military threat are not unrelated.。The trend of luxury has already appeared in the early Western bet365 voucher，"Han Shu·Wen Di Ji" records: "Today's World，Xianjia was born and died of evil，A rich burial to break the business，Heavy clothes to hurt health，I don’t want to take it。”The Western bet365 voucher still tolerated rich burials，In the Eastern bet365 voucher, the court began to explicitly prohibit grand burials，Promote thin burial，And Emperor Guangwu、A few emperors such as Emperor Ming of the bet365 voucher and Emperor Zhang of the bet365 voucher took the lead in practicing it，But powerful nobles are not restricted by imperial edicts，The trend of extravagance and arrogance is difficult to stop。"Book of the Later Han: Chronicles of Emperor Guangwu" records: "A generous burial is a virtue in this world，Bao is finally despicable，As for the rich’s extravagance，The poor have only one wealth，The law cannot prohibit it，Etiquette cannot be stopped，If you rush, you will know your fault。" "Book of the Later bet365 voucher: Records of Emperor Xianzong Xiaoming" contains: "Today's system of sending people to their deathbeds，Competing for luxury。......Car service system，The most powerful eyes and ears。"Wang Fu, a famous thinker of the Eastern bet365 voucher, pointed out in "Qianfu Lun: Fuxi Chapter": "Today's noble relatives in the capital，County wealthy family，Life is not very good，Death is mourning。Or even engraved with gold and jade，潽潓橩南，Good land for making tombs，Yellow soil Zhizang，Many buried treasures, puppets, chariots and horses，Building a large tomb，Wide planting of pines and cypresses，Lushe Ancestral Hall，Trespassing on extravagance。”The artistic image of galloping horses in “Traveling with Horses and Cars” can be said to embody the luxurious and uninhibited spiritual world of the powerful aristocrats of the Eastern bet365 voucher。

In short，The spiritual world during the bet365 voucher was complex and changeable，But at a specific historical stage, one or several more obvious spiritual traits will always be revealed。A large number of images of horses during the bet365 voucher appeared in historical records and in the field of artistic creation at that time，Not only can it confirm or supplement historical documents，It is also a typical symbol of perceiving the real spiritual world。

(Author’s unit: College of Liberal Arts, Lanzhou University of Technology)