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Awe nature harmonious coexistence

-The expression of natural life image in traditional Chinese art

June 19, 2020 00:03 Source: "China Social Sciences" June 19, 2020, No. 1951, author: Li Xiangwen

　　Birds, beasts, insects, fish and grass and flowers are one of the important subjects and contents of traditional Chinese art。Back to retrospective and sort out the natural life image in Chinese art，Let us better understand the attitude of Chinese traditional culture towards natural life。

　　Natural life is the object of early Chinese worship and awe。Animal image in Chinese art in the Neolithic period reflects the Chinese people's survival and reproductive worship。A large -scale colorful pottery tank painted with "Matsus Stone Ax" unearthed in Linru County, Henan Province，Its main pattern is a 鹳 and a stone ax。In the pattern，A fish is holding a fish。In the Yangshao Cultural period more than 6000 years ago，Ancient ancestors mainly lived fishing for fish，The process of fishing is full of difficulties。鹳 is a kind of water bird with fish as food，The fishing capacity of its natural evolution is far better than humans that lack advanced fishing tools at that time。This painting shows that people at the time worshiped this kind of water bird。Many frog pattern patterns can also be seen among the colorful pottery of Yangshao Culture。The reason why the primitive people worship frogs，On the one hand, it is because frogs are not afraid of floods as amphibians，can survive on land，There is a prominent survivability of neighboring water; on the other hand, because the frog has a strong ability to reproduce。There is another saying that，"Frog" and "Guan" homophonic，And the son -in -law is the ancestor of human beings in the original myth of China，She reproduced humans，Therefore，Frog symbolizes son -in -law，It also becomes the object of worship。The concept of reproductive worship has been passed to the late period，For bet365 best casino games example，Folk New Year's paintings often use the image of pomegranate to contain the expectations of "multi -child"。Mouse is usually an image that the people hate，But its strong fertility and reproduction ability won the worship of the people。Ming Xuanzong Zhu Zhanji 29 years old，The eldest son Zhu Qizhen was born。Zhu Zhanji Yu Bi Painted "Bitter Gourd Mouse Picture" to express the joy and expectation of Zizi。

　　In the pre -Qin art，The image of beasts such as tiger and leopard shows the Chinese people's awe of nature。For example，The typical patterns of bronze wares in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties are from the facial image of the beasts such as a tiger。In the early puppet pattern，Tiger's Eyes、Nose、mouth、Facial structures such as beard and forehead are clearly visible，and later simplified into a pair of horrible eyes。Therefore，饕 pattern is also called animal face pattern。The Bronze of the Shang Dynasty "Tiger Food" is based on the image of the tiger head，Ending a head in the blood basin，Very horrible shock。Chinese ancients also tiger、Deer、Snake and eagle's body structure splicing combination，The image of the incarnation of the heaven is the image of the heaven。About the hearts of the ancients，The crystallization of the mixed beast is the symbol of nature and God's will。The image of the dragon appears in the Han Dynasty portrait stone "Surabaya Lao Ding"，Expressed the concept of the monarchy at the time。Although the dragon does not really exist in nature，But it focuses on the respect of the ancient Chinese for nature。

　　The natural life image in traditional Chinese art shows the Chinese people's pursuit and praise for freedom and vitality。Sea Kuo with fish leap，Tian Gao Ren Bird Fei。The image of fish and birds as free appears in Chinese literature and art。Zhuangzi proposes the famous music of fish in "Autumn Water"，The image of fishing fish also appears in traditional Chinese painting。Guqin bet365 Play online games song often expresses the birth of the sky with the image of flying birds、Emotional Love，Such as "Double Crane Listening to the Spring", "Ping Sha Luoyan" and "Qiuhong"。Song Huizong depicts 20 fairy cranes with different attitudes in "Ruhe Crane Map"。The Southern Song Dynasty Painting Theory "Painting" commented on Song Huizong's "Map of the Zongzhuang Zonghe": "Or the drama forest，or Drinking Pacific fluid。The shape of Xiangfeng Yuelong，The state of Qinglu dance style ... Each is extremely wonderful，and Mo the same person 焉焉焉。"" Flying bird image with thousands of attitude is a portrayal of the artist's inner spiritual movement。The grass and trees in Chinese landscape paintings are always full of vitality。The ancients used "the mountains and rivers，Plants Huazi "Title Evaluation of Huang Gongwang's" Fuchun Mountain Residence Map "。Huang Binhong even admires "strong Huazi" as a national character。Various plants in Chinese flower and bird paintings、Flower、insects and beasts are also full of vitality。The shrimp painted by Qi Baishi is lifelike，It seems to be moving in the water，Detainer in predatory floating creatures。"Zhouyi · Department Ci" said: "。"This endless spirit is where the most important expression value of Chinese traditional art is。

　　Chinese traditional art shows the spirit of natural life。Everything in nature has its own feelings。To some extent，People appreciate the natural beauty because of the scenery and human emotions in nature、Personal phase fit。The Northern Song Dynasty Cheng Xun's "Autumn Occasion" cloud: "Everything is self -view，Four o'clock Jiaxing is the same as people。"The scenery of all things and people in different seasons can form some kind of homogeneous。In the Northern Song Dynasty, Guo Xi said in "Lin Quan Gao Zhi · Landscape Training": "Spring Mountain smoke clouds are connected with Xinxin，Xiashan Jiamu Fan Yin Tan，Akiyama Mingjing Bet365 lotto review shakes people Su Su，Winter Mountain Storlon Silent。"The same mountain，Different landscapes and personality shows different landscapes and personalities due to changes in vegetation。"Different four o'clock，Spring Mountain light smelly and laugh，Xia Shan is lush and like a drop，Akiyama Mingjing and makeup，Dongshan is bleak and sleep like。"In this sentence，Guo Xi used the personalized vocabulary such as "laugh", "drip", "makeup" and "sleeping"。This personalized concept is more appropriate to apply it on animals。The Tang Dynasty Han Qian's "Shi Ye White" draws the horses' cool and heroic posture and unruly，Han Yan's "Five Cow Maps" draws the loyalty and honesty of the cattle。Song Huizong's "鸜鹆鸜鹆" painted three 鸜鹆，Among them, fighting under the plum tree，They play very much，entanglement，Feather Flying，and the other one stands on the branch，Wing wings，Scream to them，I don’t know if it’s shouting cheering，Still condemn them，Because their fighting disturbs its lunch break。Three 鸜鹆 are all open，Full of God。We feel the strong personality and interest from these animal images。

　　The natural life image in traditional Chinese art is often the spiritual projection of the artist himself。Tobbing Bidd is the artistic method used by Chinese literati。According to legend, the Guqin song "猗猗" made by Confucius，Express Confucius's high -cleaning product with the image of orchid。Qu Yuan expressed his patriotic feelings of "Su Shi independence" and "deep solid" through praise to Orange Tree in "Orange Song"。Since the Yuan Dynasty，plum、orchid、Bamboo、The image of the four gentlemen of the chrysanthemum becomes the favorite theme of the literati and the guest。The poem of Wang Mian in the Yuan Dynasty in "Meimeu": "Don't praise the color，Only leave Qingqi Qiankun。"This is the manifestation of his own positive bone。The orchid paintings painted by Zheng Sixiao in the Yuan Dynasty "No Earth"bet365 Play online games ，Expressing his feelings of missing the country and the Qi Festival that does not call him an aliens。Zheng Banqiao in the Qing Dynasty is the most happy to draw bamboo，He praised: "Determine the green mountains without relaxation，Ligen was in the broken rock。Thousands of mills and tens of thousands of strikes are still strong，Ren Er East and Southwest Wind! "This is he is upright、Life portrait that does not coincide with the world。Fish and Birds painted by people painted by Ba Dashan in the Qing Dynasty，Multi -preparation of "White Eyes to People"，Expressing the helplessness of lost its country、Cynile。Introduction to Western aesthetics thinks，The essence of aesthetics comes from the process of projection of the subject emotion to objective objects。The creation of Chinese literati painters provides the best annotation for empathy.。

　　Traditional Chinese art reflects the blending of affinity of human and natural life。Ming Dynasty Lu Shaozhen recorded a couplet in "Small Window Young": "Slim with Mei，Tongqing with bamboo，and Liu Tong sleep，Laughing with Tao Li，Actually Flower Fairy。Sheng Ying，Same as Yan，Tongxuan with the crane，Same as the parrot，Such a confidant。"This couplet expresses the exchanges and resonance of the Chinese and natural life with beautiful strokes。We from traditional Chinese landscape paintings (such as Fan Kuan's "Mountain Travel Map"、In the Yuan Dynasty Wang Meng's "Reading of Chunshan", etc.，You can often see the house and character image of the trees，Also accompanied by poultry、The figure of livestock。Pu Songling in the Qing Dynasty described various ghost fox flower demon in "Liao Zhai Zhi Yi"，They are from the fox、Tiger、Rat、Bee、Fish、Ancient Tree、Dynamic and plants such as peony and chrysanthemums come from。These ghost foxes and humans interpret the love story that can be sang and cry，Many of the chapters have been adapted into Bet365 lotto review various film and television works such as "Ghost Girl Ghost" and "Painting Skin"。In "Liao Zhaizhi · Huang Ying"，Pu Songling's beautiful romantic story profoundly explains the real valuable place of Tao Yuanming's spirit，Expressing the realm of the perfect integration of man and nature。

　　Chinese traditional art reflects the Chinese respect and tolerance of the Chinese people。Wang Xizhi's love goose，Make a pen from the geese's body posture。"Huiji has a lonely residence，Raise a goose good，Ask for the market to not get，Then take the life of relatives and friends to watch。姥，Cooking for it，Sighing Sighs Mi Ri。"Wang Xizhi was sad for many days because of the goose was cooked。"New Words of the World" records: "。Living 剡峁。Someone left its double cranes，Young wings are long and want to fly。Zhiyi Xi Zhi，Nai Qi Qi。Hexuan 翥 can not fly again，Nai Anti -winging head，I see if there is any death。Lin Yue: ‘There is both Ling Xiao’ s，He Ken is eye -catching! ‘Nourish Ling，Set off to fly。"Zhidao Lin Aihe，Cut his wing feathers short because of worrying the crane flying away; but seeing the frustration of the crane，I gave up the idea of imprisoned cranes，Let it fly away。These two stories reflect the respect of the Jin people for animal life and freedom。Zheng Banqiao said in "The Second Book of the Sending Brother Mo in the Weixian Department": "The most unwilling to raise birds in the cage，My Tuyu Yue，He is prison，He loves，and the nature of bending is suitable for me! As for the Dragonfly，Line binding crab，For children's toys，But for a moment, I folded and died。Fu Tian Di Biological，Huayu 劬，One ant and one worm，All the Qi of Yin and Yang Five Elements，氤氲。God also loves thoughts。"Qi Baishi is good at painting insects，Even cockroaches、Moth、Darrings and flies, which are disgusted by people, often become exquisite works in his pen。He inscribed in a "Fly": "There is this fly in the guest room，bet365 Play online games Do not go for three days，Turn want to turn。Lao Ping cannot be ruthless，To save its true ...，Feeling that it does not harass people。”

　　Chinese culture has emphasized the concept of "unity of heaven and man" since ancient times，Natural life is an important part of "heaven"。Chinese traditional art expresses the concept of the harmony of the Chinese and natural life，In the influence of the beauty, it shares and affects the Chinese people's thinking and behavior habits。Promote and strengthen traditional Chinese art education，Can better improve our ecological environment，Promote the harmonious development of man and nature。

　　(Author Unit: School of Art Design, Hubei Institute of Economics)

Editor in charge: Changchang