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After the First World War，Austria faces economic recession、Social contradictions and sharp challenges，The Austrian Social Democratic Party (hereinafter referred to as the "Austrian Social Democratic Party"), which was governed at the time, believes，The key to dealing with these challenges is to solve poverty problems。For this，It covers housing in Vienna、Education、A series of social reforms in the fields of medical treatment，Due to relevant reform measures, socialist colors，People call Vienna at the time as "Red Vienna"。time to this day，The Austrian people are still a series of achievements of the Social Democratic Party during the "Red Vienna" period。

　Building a public house

At that time，The living environment of ordinary workers in Austria is extremely bad，Only about 50%of workers have their own housing，Only 18 % of these houses have independent water、electric、gas and other supporting facilities，Many workers have a small area of ​​houses、Light difference、Increased infrastructure equipment。At that time in Austria，Not only the gap between the rich and the poor，rich people have luxurious housing，Poor people either have no housing or poor housing conditions; and the living areas of rich people and poor people are not the same，The residence of the rich is usually closer to the city center，while the poor live in the suburbs more。Famous architect in Austria、Architect Adolf Loos once said，Vienna, as a large metropolis, will have the "Avenue of the noble atmosphere、Facial facilities、Buildings with various gypsum jewelry bet365 best casino games "，But these prosperous appearances cover the poverty of the workers。

Facing this situation，The Austrian Democratic Party thinks，Building centralized public houses in the city center can solve problems more effectively and effectively。1923，The Municipal Committee of the Vienna propose a plan，25,000 new houses will be built in five years。After completing the basic goals as scheduled,，In order to enable more people to enjoy this benefit，The Democratic Party of the Austrian Society has expanded housing construction targets to 30,000 units。According to statistics，between 1919 and 1934，63924 houses in Vienna，Nearly 200,000 people live in it。This not only relieves Vienna's housing pressure，It also solves the employment problem of some people，More improved local urban environment。In addition，Relevant housing construction projects also have cultural and educational functions。

Austrian Democratic Party thinks，The living environment can play a core organizational role in cultural communication and cultural education。In order to realize the cultural and educational function of newly built houses，They mainly build centralized houses，Related buildings are large and large amounts，As a whole extend from the center of the city to the surroundings。Divide in morphology，It mainly includes peripherals (surrounding closed) buildings、Ladder type (stepped flat house type) building and super district style (cross -regional) building。Most of these buildings have open courtyards and supporting public facilities，Including laundry rooms with modern household appliances、Swimming Pool、Kindergarten、Clinic、Library、Conference room、Cinema, etc.，Can meet the daily Bet365 app download life of residents、Entertainment and education needs，Provides people living here with a place and opportunity to communicate with each other。Live in such an environment，People’s lives are more convenient，communication with others is more frequent。Participate in collective life through more places，Its group awareness has also been further strengthened。other，Relevant agencies also hire artists to personalized design inside and outside the apartment，Through sculpture、murals、Metal craft、Brick and tiles and other decorations show the living conditions of the working class、Socialist thought and traditional Austrian traditional culture，Created a cultural atmosphere。Therefore, they were also known as the "working -class apartment" at the time，Can be able to conduct cultural education in a certain extent to a certain extent、Place of spreading socialist thoughts。

　Education reform

The Democratic Party of the Austrian Society at that time thought，Education level affects the awareness of socialism in Austrian ordinary workers，In order to enhance its sense of recognition of socialist thoughts and the country，Need to reform education。Reality problems for Austria，The Social Democratic Party focuses on education reform on adult education and children's education。

In order to improve the education level of ordinary workers，Make them can engage in complex work with higher salary，The Austrian Society and Democratic Party opened the adult education school。In these schools，Teachers are mainly the Austrian Marxists，This promotes the spread of Marxist thought。other，Education College，Connect teacher training with scientific research，Provide knowledge exchanges and interactive platforms bet365 live casino games for teachers and scholars，improved the quality of the teacher team，Promoting the development of science and culture。For the situation where Austrian workers were not highly literate at that time，Teachers and scholars have jointly developed a visual teaching method，That is image statistical method，Use images to spread knowledge with low education level，Reduced the threshold for popularization of knowledge。，It also opened a museum that borrowed image statistical methods to popularize science education，Further expanded the application scope of this method。

In terms of children's education，The Austrian Democratic Party actively promotes the entry entrusted by children's admission，The number of kindergartens in Vienna increased from 20 in 1913 to 113 in 1931，It also established the Nikko Center and the community children's conservation facilities，reduced family burden of professional women。In order to solve the problem of being forced to drop out of school due to economic reasons，Vienna with free lunch for elementary school students、Textbooks and various facilities required for learning，It also enriches the off -campus life of children and adolescents by carried out practical activities and set up holidays，Let the school become a place to promote the healthy development of poor children in poor children。other，Austria also passed relevant laws and regulations，Red and previous requirements for corporal punishment and previous requesting female teachers，Allow women to learn law、Engineering and Agricultural Sciences，Require schools to establish a student library and teacher teaching center library，Efforts to promote fair education。

Through education reform，Ordinary workers in Austria and their offspring have obtained the right to Bet365 app download educate，This improves their knowledge level，Improved their mental appearance，It is conducive to understanding its own situation and forming group consciousness。

　　Promote the construction of the public health system

In World War I，Public facilities in Vienna are severely damaged，Poverty and homeless number of residents increase sharply，Living information for a long -term shortage leads to the high population mortality rate.，Urban public health system is facing huge pressure。and the Austrian Communist Party believes that the right of health is the right that everyone should enjoy。Under its leadership，Austria conducted large -scale public health reforms，Improving public services and medical and health conditions。

Vienna has established many marriage consultation centers、Mother Consultation Center、Diagnosis of medical examination function is that the public health system that can provide universal medical services。The hospital will register the relevant information of the newborn，For regular return visit，Provide medical and health suggestions for newborn mothers，Popularized related knowledge，Help newborn mothers regularly go to the mother consultation center to further obtain baby care knowledge。until 1927，Vienna has established 34 mothers' consulting centers，Provide regular inspections to children and their mothers。It also started from 1927，Each mother in Vienna will receive the "production package" provided by the mother consultation center，This greatly reduces fertility costs and baby mortality。other，To reduce the probability of people's illness，Promote the formation of a healthy lifestyle，Vienna also set up a consulting service center，Provide family planning for ordinary families、Services and other services of mental bet365 best casino games illness。Vienna has established many public bathing facilities，At the same time, pay attention to maintaining the cleanliness of public places，Promote the importance and method of maintaining personal hygiene to the public，Actively organize various people for physical examination，Only 1932，There are 123,000 people conducted preventive medical examinations at the public clinic。Multiple measures，Vienna's population mortality and infant mortality rates have been significantly reduced，City Rong Ran is new，Public hygiene once ranked in the world's leading level。

Through social reform，The Austrian Democratic Party has built Vienna into a city with a certain socialist color in just ten years。Overall，Its social policy is positive。Housing、Education、Medical three complements each other、Support each other。Housing bears some educational functions，Clean and hygienic housing environment can reduce the occurrence of diseases; combine medical and health services with educational activities，helps improve people's knowledge level and physical quality。These social reforms have achieved a certain extent.。These reform measures at that time not only improved the living environment of the Austrian workers' class，Let it enjoy the right to survive、Health Right、Education right, etc.; Also emphasized the cultivation of workers' group consciousness。The Austrian and Democratic Party tried to build a complex three -dimensional、Educational content and symbolic political party cultural organizations and activity networks to promote the development of the working class in Vienna，and get more support，Finally achieve the goal of achieving socialism。But，This reform of the so -called "intermediate route" obviously has emptiness。With the 1934 Austrian Bet365 lotto review fascist regime came to power，Social Democratic Party and their supporters are persecuted，A large number of construction results are also destroyed in warfire。

　(This article is the "Study and Practical Research Research Research on the Austrian Social Democratic Party since the 20th century since the 20th century")

(Author Unit: College of Marxism School of Renmin University of China; Marxism Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)