Enter the new era，Some new characteristics have appeared in the development of our language life。This requires us to keep pace with the times，multiplier for，Actively do a good job in the popularization of the country's common language and text，It is also necessary to make the formulation and implementation of language policy more detailed，More targeted，More humanistic care。Respect the law of language，To make it，To make it、Publicity、Implementation and enlightenment synchronization，Special attention to guidance and enlightenment work，Slowing language tension，Resolve language contradictions。

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The development of language living in the new era presents a series of new basic characteristics。These new features can be generally summarized as follows: Mandarin popularization has logically extended to rural areas、Ethnic areas and western regions; language policy radiation power bet365 Play online games and other social elements are stronger; society is getting more and more open，The market is becoming more and more unified，Higher requirements for the country and personal language ability，In particular, the consciousness of building the Chinese nation community objectively requires further promotion of the country's common language and text;，further requests for the return of traditional culture; the disappearance of national language and dialects shows geographical breaks、Intergeneration Fracture，People feel more and more perception of language disappearance。

First，Mandarin popularization has logically extended to the countryside、Ethnic area and the western region。According to official data，As of 2020，The penetration rate of Putonghua in my country has reached 80.72%，The penetration rate of some cities, especially the Putonghua in large cities, has reached 95%or more，Except some infants and children、In addition bet365 best casino games to the elderly and deaf，The popularity of Mandarin in China and Datong City has been basically completed。At the same time，A large number of young people with Mandarin as the first language in the city，Mandarin has gradually become a natural acquisition behavior of some people from language learning。The general language development of a country is closely related to urbanization，City, especially in large cities, has always been the survival of universal languages ​​and large languages，Urbanization ’s popularity with universal languages。But the popularity of Mandarin is not balanced，Rural areas、Only 60%。The popularity of Mandarin so has logically extended to rural areas、Western Region。If you say，For the past few decades，Rural areas、Ethnic areas and the western region are still the driving area of ​​the popularity and promotion of urban Mandarin、In the edge area，Enter the new era，Rural areas、The national and western regions will logically become the core area and focus of the popularization of Putonghua。

2，National General Language Policy Radiation and the gathering force of other social elements is stronger。After decades of development，Especially for more than 40 years，National General Language Policy has been systematically improved，In laws and regulations、Language test、Mandarin Publicity、Breakthrough in the field (four major fields)、Regional breakthroughs (urban language assessment) and other policies such as policies and other policies，The radiation force of the National General Language Policy is getting greater and greater。At the same time，Urbanization development、Public flow and information development have also formed a strong peripheral driving force。Common effect on the two，complement each other，Promoting the function of the country's universal language and text is becoming stronger。

third，Social development puts forward higher requirements for the country and personal language ability。Current，my country has become the world's second largest economy and a comprehensive Bet365 app download open -range big country，higher requirements for national language ability and personal language ability。For the country，We want to absorb the world's advanced technology culture，You need to continue to carry out British、Russia、West、A、De、Method、Day、Portuguese and other foreign language education，At the same time，With the Chinese and Chinese companies going out，Need to deal with more countries，You also need to understand more talents who understand these official languages。The greater the social openness，Not only the type of foreign language，At the same time, we also put forward rich requirements for foreign languages，such as foreign language、Foreign Language of Business and Trade、Travel foreign language, etc.。Formation of the domestic unified market，Objectively requires a more consistent general language in China，to reduce the cost of communication and communication barriers，Promoting social elements and population flow，Promoting exchanges and interaction。From a certain angle，The awareness of the Chinese nation community is the social structure and social elements in the economic system、Social value、Natural development of cultural heritage and psychological identity。For individuals，Social development requires people to become more common、More diverse bilingual or multi -language。Some people have mastered the country's common language and foreign languages，and abandoned mother tongue or mother dialects; some people master the general language of the country、Mother tongue or mother dialect; some people have mastered these three。From the advantages of employment and development，Grasp the opportunity to master foreign languages ​​and national language.，And the opportunity of the three will be more。

Fourth，Increased education years and increased cultural level，further requirements for the return of traditional culture。Inner，We want to increase our efforts to popularize traditional culture，Increase the weight of traditional culture Bet365 app download in education and cultural life，Be better to meet people's needs for traditional culture protection and inheritance。External，We want to increase their efforts to spread Chinese excellent traditional culture，Do a good job in the spread of Chinese translation and the spread of Chinese ideological and cultural terms。This first requires us to have comprehensive traditional culture、In -depth understanding and correct interpretation。

Fifth，National language and dialect presents regional compression and intergenerational breaks。Language or dialect Endangered、Disappearing is a common phenomenon worldwide，Often makes people sigh "helplessly,"。At present, there is a problem of rapid compression compression in my country's national language and dialects，has gradually retreated from big cities to small cities，Retreat to towns or rural areas。Space is a material basis that the language depends on，The compression of space has a greater impact on national language and dialects (Language can currently cross time and space，But it is still limited by space); at the same time, population migration，Especially the young people in the countryside move to the city，Reduced the communication function of national language and dialects，National Language (dialect) exchange appeared for intergenerational breaks。

　Give potential language contradictions more attention

Language policy theory is generally considered，When the penetration rate of general language or "official language" reaches about 85%，It is a period of language contradictions and prone period and high incidence period。When we vigorously popularize the country's common language,，Also pay attention to the endangered disappearance of national language and dialects，Following potential language contradictions，Relieve language tension。The reasons are as follows:

First，my country has basically formed the pattern of the national general language as the main body，Objectively, it is easy to impact on domestic language (dialect) in the country; foreign language learning is becoming more and more diverse and learning bet365 Play online games tasks is heavier，It is required to spend more time learning foreign languages; at the same time, the communication function of national language (dialect) is getting weaker and weaker。At this time，Mainstream society is easier to start from language practical functions，Promote the learning and use of big languages，So it is easy to ignore the cultural and emotional effects of national language (dialect)，Downsifying language tension，and form a gathering of potential language contradictions。

2，People who have not mastered the common language and words，Their language concept is often relatively conservative，Language learning ability is relatively weak，Language learning methods and time are more insufficient，Actively studying the attitude of the country's universal language is not very positive，At the same time, the mother tongue (mother dialect) I learned from a young age is stronger。The popularity of the country's common language is easy to form a positive contradiction。

third，Rural、The country's universal language and foreign language environment of the minority areas and the border areas are relatively incomplete，Opportunity to use the country's common language and foreign language、The environment is far less than the city，Some people have mastered the national language and foreign languages,，But due to language and environmental impact，There are relatively few opportunities to use and practice，Language degeneration is relatively easy to appear，They are more inclined to use mother tongue (mother dialect)。Therefore, we are required to pay more attention to the construction of the language environment in rural and ethnic areas，Changing language learning and habit of learning through more adaptation。

Fourth，National General Language Policy Radiation effect bet365 Play online games and other social element agglomeration effects are geometric enhancement，The role of policy effects in language life in the future will become greater and larger，Further improving the role and status of the country's universal language in language life。Social mainstream people will more actively adapt to policy radiation effects and other social element agglomeration effects，But some language disadvantaged groups or language learning vulnerable groups have poor adaptability，It is easy to form more resistant psychology and more conservative language attitude。

Fifth，Mother tongue (mother dialect) disappear speed，Bring great pressure on the maintenance and inheritance of national culture and local culture，Promote the psychological anxiety of mother tongue (mother dialect) users and intellectuals、Election of unfairness and sense of crisis。In the past century，The speed of endangered and disappearing language、The frequency is higher than other times in history，Endangered and disappearing language is more common，The endangered and disappearance of the language has become a topic that humans care about。

Sixth，National Language or dialect communication function compression，Util the use of useless theory。Language communication function is the first function of language，A reduction or decrease in this function is often the core factor of endangered or disappearing language。In this case，People have a deeper and deeper sense of crisis and anxiety about national language and dialects。So the cultural function of the national language (dialect) is prominent，People are easily attributed to the atrophy of the communication function of mother tongue (mother dialect) on the factor of explicit language policy。

The above phenomenon not only appears in my country，Many developed countries in the world are also common problems。Endangered language first appears in developed countries.。Endangered language and language contradictions concentrated in Western countries in the 1960s and 1970s，It is often associated with other social issues。

Take Taiwan as an example，Taiwan has promoted "Mandarin" in the 1940s，But until the 1970s，The effect of promotion and popularity is not obvious，Instead, it is the late 1970s to the 1990s，With Taiwan's economy,，When the urbanization rate reaches 80%，"Mandarin" has been fully popularized，But it also caused a large bet365 live casino games language contradiction，Learn a major steering in the language policy in the late 1990s。

We want to learn from the relevant lessons，More considering the actual situation when implementing a language policy。This requires the formulation and implementation of language policy in the new era.，Respect the laws of language，In particular, think about how to effectively enhance the humanistic care factors，Make due contribution to the construction of a harmonious society。

　　(Author Unit: China University of Nationalities University China Ethnic Minority Language Research Institute)