Chinese characters are historic text words，There is a close connection between its glyph structure and meaning。A Chinese character，In ancient times, it was often a word，In modern times, it is often a word or a word construct。So，Glyphs plays an important role in the meaning of Chinese words，This is already a common sense of learning ancient Chinese。It is generally considered，The role of glyphs in the study of meaning is，The glyph with table -oriented ingredients can help us determine the original meaning of the word，The original meaning of the word is often the original meaning of the word。So，The glyph of a word also plays a key role in determining the original meaning of the words recorded。In fact, not only that，Chinese characters have an important role in the research on the evolution of word meaning，combing of the versatile word meaning system、Analysis of synonyms、Evolution of the meaning of meaning of words，can be explained by glyph analysis。

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"PolySemy" refers to a language form with two or more different but related meaning or functions，This is a common feature of human language existence。Carry multiple meanings or functions in the same form，This is in line with the principle of language economy。The polysexies are gradually formed in the history of the development of vocabulary，Some words of the meaning or functions of some words are often not easy to observe because of history for a long time。The glyph structure of Chinese characters can help us discover the clue of the evolution of the word meaning，to grasp the meaning system of poly word words。

Take "Class" as an example，"Class" is a poly word，Bet365 app download There are three most common meanings in modern Chinese: First, "Organization made for work or learning, etc.，such as "class"; the second is "referring to the work or duty time stipulated within one day"，Such as "work" and "evening shift"; third is "transportation tools used for timing operations"，It is a quantitative word，such as "Last Airplane"。These meanings，Especially the meaning between the meaning of the two nouns is not clear，At this time, the shape of the word "class"，can be traced back to the source，Clarifying the meaning of the meaning of the meaning of the "class"。

"Class" is a meaningful word, Jinwen writing，A knife in the middle of two jade，means that the jade is divided into two pieces with a knife。"Said the Word": "Class，Division Ruiyu。"Ruiyu is used as the jade of the token，Divide the jade into two pieces，Both parties take one as a token，When you meet again, you can use two pieces of jade together as a certificate。The original meaning of "class" is the "division jade" expressed by its glyphs。"Shangshu · Shun Dian": "Ban Rui Yu Qunwen。"" The meaning of "sending (as a voucher) to the princes"。Cited by "Divide Jade" refers to "separation"。For example，Li Bai's poems "Send Friends": "Watch your hand，Xiao Xiao Ban Ma Ming。"" Banma "here refers to the" lover horse "，That is the horse riding by Li Bai's friend。

From the cultural background of ancient China，Jade is not only a token，is still a symbol of identity，So "class" is not a simple jade，At the same time as the jade (to the minister)。There are "class sequences" in Chinese，refers to "the order arranged according to the official jue"。Ancient Bai Guan Shang Dynasty，Which position of different official stations is fixed，This is the "class sequence"。"Working" and the Structure of the Structure，Originally expressed "to the order bet365 live casino games for you", "Go to the position you should get"，That is, "Everyone,"。For example，Tang Shunzhi "The Matter of Eating Food in the Township of the Town of the Town": "In the spare time, the former guard was stationed，Fang Qiu work in the town "，"Work" here refers to "duty"。Later，"Work" expanded from the army to other jobs，It is developed into the meaning of "go at the prescribed time every day"。"Class" of "Class" is also extended from the meaning of "arrangement"，Separate a group of people，Arrange in a certain order，The class was formed。

　　Analysis of the meaning of the word

Always，Expressive word discerning analysis is hot spots of vocabulary research。According to the principle of language economy，Language associations will not create two words without the slightest difference，That is to say，No rational meaning、Color meaning and other meaning exactly the same meaning。but，During the use of vocabulary，Some synonyms will occur in semantics (neutralization)，That is, their original differences are grinded to varying degrees，It is difficult to distinguish。Language researchers want to find "different" between synonymous words，Often go back to the analysis of the glyph。

Take "fall" and "fall" as an example，Two words have "falling down" and "drop" meaning，Most of the use in use。For example，"Pour accidentally" and "accidentally fall";。"Fall" "fall" and "fall"，The dictionary of each dictionary uses "fall" to release "fall"，Some use "fall" to release "fall"，Some "falls", "fall" with training。The interpretation of the dictionary reflects the semantic neutralization of "fall" and "fall" from one side，But the two also cannot be swapped。For example，It can only say "fall into the ice", "waterfall falls into the deep pool", "snow falling"，Can't replace it with "fall" here。

You can see，The meaning of "fall" and "fall" is in the process of being converging，But at this bet365 best casino games stage their differences have not been completely abrasion，This can be seen from the glyph structure of the two。"Fall" from "Foot"，It is a movement under the feet，Refers to "Lost Fat Fall"，Emphasize suddenly。and "Fall" from "Hand"，Is the hand movement。"Fall" was originally an autonomous verb，It has strong passability，This refers to "throw it down"，Emphasize strong strength，Although it later evolved into non -autonomous verbs，But the characteristics of "hard" have been retained。During the evolution of the word meaning of the second word，"Sudden" and "Power" become the retention elements in their respective conceptual structures。The meaning of "fall" implies "suddenly"，The meaning of "falling" is implicitly implied "strong strength"，This is the difference between the two words。Examples of "fall" without "falling" in front，It is because of the suddenness of the action of action，Small strength or not highlighting strength。

　Explore the interoperability relationship between different semi -meaning domains

The evolution between Chinese psychological verbs and words of words is two -way。Examine the evolution of the meaning of these two types of verbs in the history of Chinese language will be discovered，Psychological verbs often develop words，If the "thought" that originally expressed her thoughts and the meaning of "recitation"，"嗔" that means "anger" and the meaning of "blame"，The "evil" that means hates and the meaning of "slandering"; words can also be extended to indicate psychological movements，If "such as" explanation "is promoted to" understand "righteousness，"Word" is promoted by "Speaking" to the "ingredients" righteousness。Psychological verbs and words of verbs belong to the psychological semantic domain and words of words，The two -way evolution of these two types of verbs in Chinese，bet365 Play online games Reflects the interoperability relationship of these two semantic domains。Existing cross -language research indicates，Psychological verbs and speech behavior verbs are not only semantic but also structure、Word source and other aspects also show close relationships。This interoperability can be summarized with "internal words and exterior" and "words as the voice"。Specific performance as: on the one hand，People often need to be presented with the help of speech behavior，If you are grateful in your heart, you will use words to express thanks，Aversion in my heart will attack with words; correspondingly，People’s words often reflect his inner heart，If you apologize to people, you are guilty in your heart，The process of discussing with people will naturally accompany the inner plan。

The interesting thing is，In Chinese，The interoperability of the psychological domain and the domain is also reflected in the structure of the word "heart" and "words" as the symbol (including the meaning of the word meaning and the shape of the phonetic character)。For example，"憰" and "谲" "憰" and "谲" are all trained as "power fraud"。"憰" lower part of Yu Cai Note: "This is the same as the" 谲 "sound of the Ministry of Yan。Gaibi said in words，This heart。"" "，But the semantic domain of which belongs is different，"憰" belongs to psychological domain，"谲" is a saying domain。We can think so，If a person is dismissive in his heart，His words are full of fraud，vice versa。"憰" and "谲" are the best footsteps for "internal words and outside" and "words for the voice"。

"Heart" Department and "Word" and "Mouth" Department General，It can also be used as a proof of psychological domain and the interoperability of the domain interoperability。On the one hand，Psychological verbs can replace the meaning into "words"，Words Bet365 app download can also replace the meaning of the meaning to "Heart"，Establishing a foreign body。For example，"You"，The original meaning is miss，Golden Wen Cong Yan。"Chen"，Original meaning is integrity，Another word "訦" and "谌"，Qing Dynasty Wang Yan believes that it should be regarded as a foreign body。"Law"，The original meaning is to tell、Talk，"Said the Word" to follow the heart、Shuo Sheng or body。"Mo"，The meaning of the original meaning is "Discussion to determine its conspiracy"。On the other hand，Some psychological verbs are from "words" or "mouth"，such as "谙" (familiar，Know)、"諅" (avoid fear)、"詟" (scared)、"謓 (嗔)" (anger)、"Hi" (happy); some words say verbs from "Heart"，such as(Dream 呓)、"悝" (ridicule)。The general "heart" and "words" and "mouth" are common，It bet365 Play online games Reflects the interoperability between two different semantic domains，and the interoperability of the semantic domain is the psychological basis for semantic evolution。Here，The body structure of Chinese characters can be used to prove the semantic evolution in the history of Chinese。

Chinese characters are the carrier of the bright historical civilization of the Chinese nation，At the same time, it is also an important symbol of the precious cultural heritage of the Chinese nation。For thousands of years，Although the writing form and body structure of Chinese characters have changed a lot，But the fundamental characteristic of its "intention" is unchanged。This feature has a special significance for studying ancient Chinese，In the Chinese voice system、Vocabulary Words Systems and even the durable evolution of certain grammar played an important role。Research and analysis of the shape of Chinese characters，Grasp the evolution of the meaning of word and rule，The application of language and words such as contemporary dictionary can also play a guiding role。Linguistics workers bet365 best casino games should make full use of the characteristics of Chinese characters，Research in various fields of Chinese history with the help of rich Chinese character materials，The cultural meaning of Chinese characters is constantly digging。

　(This article is a Chinese verb in the type of vision under the National Social Science Fund "、Research on the Evolution of Summary Synthetic "(19byy169) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: Institute of Language in the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Research Center of Dictionary Compilation)