Linguistics is a discipline of studying language phenomena，Main research language is used in human society、Development、The laws and characteristics of changes and evolution。In Linguistics，Investigation research methods through surveys and research on specific language objects，To obtain language usage、Real and reliable data of laws and characteristics，Has a very important status and role。Active in -depth practice through investigation and research，Grasp the history and cultural background，and optimize and innovate research methods during the research process，can continuously improve the research quality of linguistics，So as a language policy、Language Planning、Language Teaching、Language Teaching、Language Service、Language protection provides more support，Make a greater contribution。

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Investigation and research method is an important support for the formation and development of linguistics。Investigation and research through field surveys and the actual use of language，Can provide empirical corpus and data for linguistics research，Use this to verify some theoretical assumptions，and provide a scientific basis for further relevant practical work。Looking back at the history of Chinese and foreign linguistics development，can be found，The formation and development of multi -linguistics genre，and the formulation of major language policies，Based on a lot of empirical research。

At the end of the 18th century，Wilhelm Von Humboldt) uses empirical evidence as the basis for linguistic research，Visit all parts of field surveys，Search and confirm the historical contact between language。early 20th century，Franz Boas (Franz Boas) in -depth research on Indians，Empirical research through field surveys，Analysis of Indian phonetic characteristics，Created a human linguistic。Subsequent，Edward Sapir、Benjamin Lee Whorf and Leonard Bloomfield also bet365 Play online games joined the ranks of field surveys。

early 20th century，European and American linguistics field survey methods are introduced to China。1922，Zhao Yuanren pointed out in the "Research Law of China Word -Word Dumping Experiment"，It should be studied in the experimental method。Subsequent，Liu Fu、Wang Li、Gaohua Nian、Yuan Jiayu and other linguists，Combining the field survey method with experimental voice research，Describe the micro characteristics of ethnic minority language。1956-1958，China launched the first language survey since modern times，More than 700 language workers rushed to 17 provinces (cities、Autonomous Region) Carrying out field surveys，Determined the relationship between the language system，Master the language of the language。2015-2020，China conducted a second national language survey，A survey team composed of more than 4,500 experts and scholars visited 1712 survey points，A comprehensive system rescue survey record was conducted。This allows a large number of endangered Chinese dialects and ethnic minority languages ​​to be investigated and protected by scientific systems，The level of protection and utilization of language resources is fully improved。

The importance of survey research methods，Not only reflected in the history of the development history of Chinese and foreign linguistics，It is also reflected in the extensive application of various branches of linguistics。From the perspective of the research perspective of micro language or macro linguistics，Investigation and research all have widely used applications。Micro -linguistics involves voice、grammar、Semantic、Multiple aspects of language and other languages。As far as voice is concerned，Through investigation research，We can understand different regions、The voice characteristics and voice variants of different social groups。For example，You can analyze the degree and reason of some endangered language，Contributions to the protection of language resources。Research on Macro Linguistics，can be expanded to applied linguistics、Social Linguistics、bet365 live casino games Psychological Linguistics、Comparison linguistics and other fields。For example，In the field of application linguistics，You can investigate and study，Understand the needs of learners、level、error situation and other factors，Provides more accurate guidance and help for language teaching，Improve education, teaching and language service。In the field of Chinese language education research，You can survey by questionnaire、Telephone survey、Visit investigation and other methods，Teaching of language elements、teaching methods and theories、Teaching Strategy, etc.，To better promote the teaching and promoting Chinese culture for Chinese language。In short，Investigation and research methods accompanied by all aspects of the development of linguistics，Promoting the prosperity and progress of linguistics。

Grasp the history and cultural background 

Carry out Linguistics Survey Research，Not only should we actively practice in -depth practice，The relationship between the various factors inside the language system and the various external influencing factors in the society are described in a common description，Also grasp the history and cultural background of language use，Performed durable analysis。

Investigation and research of linguistics requires in -depth practice scene，Understand the situation and characteristics of language use。Data obtained through a practical survey，can we truly understand the actual situation of the situation and characteristics of language use。With the continuous development of social practice activities，The language is also changing。Through investigation research，You can learn more about the complex language phenomenon that appears in today's society，This can understand the social factors behind language phenomena from a more dialectical perspective。So，In language survey research，Pay attention to the authenticity and objectivity of the data，Also actively explore new problems in practice，and continuously explore new research directions and methods with the principles of theoretical connection。For example，In a cross -border language field survey，To investigate bet365 live casino games the horizontal influencing factors of national language in different countries，Need to go out of the country for survey of foreign surveys to investigate the linguistics of the household，Through the development of home interviews and language testing, in -depth understanding of the society of the countries on both sides、Population、Geographical condition，Peripheral language、Language identity、Language relationship status，Language identity、Language identity、National identity status, etc.，Language variation caused by these factors。At the same time，Also consider language barriers in advance、Survey time、Local customs、multinational cooperation and other factors。This，can you observe the status of the language research on the study of the language smoothly，Social mutation of the language and analyze the law of evolution。Related research results can build a harmonious and peaceful border environment，and the promotion of national language planning and standardization of language to provide a certain basis and reference。

Linguistics survey is not only observing and analyzing the status quo of language，It should also grasp the history and cultural background of language use。The influence of language and social history、Interaction，Only in -depth understanding of the history of the research object、Status and future development trends，can be proposed more practical and feasible theory and method。For example，In the construction of Gusi Language Magazine Database, China，Researchers not only need to use the literature method and field survey method，Voice of the Language of the Gushawus in China、Vocabulary、grammar、Description of Erotic Obility，It also needs to be from the perspective of historical comparative linguistics，Destintecting the language of the Mumagosa，In -depth understanding of the personality differences and homologous commonality of various languages。This，It can highlight the long -term interaction between Manchong Gustera and Central Plains culture and its different phase communication，The pattern that reflects the diversity of the Chinese nation。

Optimization and innovation survey method 

Current，Human language practice activities are facing the impact and impact of emerging technology represented by digital technologies such as artificial intelligence。Researchers need to optimize and innovate linguistic survey methodology，Explore the essence of language，Grasp the law of language development。

Exploring new linguistic survey research methods，It is an important way to promote the construction of a strong language for language。Facing the new situation、New situation、New question，Investigation of Linguistics requires practical innovation、Seize the opportunity，Further expand the research channel、Rich research methods、Innovative research method，In -depth grasping the nature and laws of the language，Find the method and path to solve the problem。For example，Network research method has become a new method of linguistic research。This method is surveyed by questionnaires on the network platform、Online interview、Data mining and other methods to conduct investigations and research。Compared with traditional survey research methods，Online research method has a wide range、High accuracy、Quick response、low cost and other advantages。The application of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence and other digital technologies in linguistic research is becoming more and more deeper，Researchers can use new technologies to survey data (such as text、Audio、Picture、Video, etc.) For auxiliary quantitative analysis。other，You can also use digital technology for the voice recognition of interview materials、Decomposition、Label、Filter、Refine、Solid and remove the essence，For auxiliary qualitative analysis。Linguistics researchers can boldly innovate survey research methods，To better support linguistic research。

Can I choose the right method in the survey of linguistics，It has become an important factor affecting the quality of investigation and research。Researchers need to combine the characteristics of the research objects and actual situations to select the research method。For example，In application linguistics Bet365 app download research，Investigation and research methods are divided into quantification method、Qualityization method and mixed method。Quantitative method includes questionnaires、Structural interview and structural observation method, etc.; Quality methods include case research、Action Research、Participating observation and interviews, etc.; The mixed method refers to the use of quantification methods and qualitative methods in a certain study，If the questionnaire survey and interview are combined for research。One of the current problems is，Pay attention to the quantitative method in linguistics research、Phenomenon of light visualization method。Facing this problem，Linguistics research should take into account different research objects、The advantages and disadvantages of the purpose and method of purpose and method，Use a suitable survey and research method。For example，Study on the Language of Manchong Gushu，Comprehensive field survey method or more suitable。During the investigation,，A combination of collective interviews and personal interviews。Captured interviews，and the same nation、Education、United Front、Publicity、Discussion on relevant departments at all levels such as language and text，can discover typical cases and valuable investigation clues。According to the survey and research goals，You can choose a representative language inheritor for targeted personal interviews。According to the outline of the interview，Carrying a specific study in combination with literature，Including non -structural interviews、Half -structure interview、Spectrum survey、Language testing, etc.。After that，You can also use digital protection methods to collect audio and video data，Make various survey research methods complement and optimize with each other。

In short，We must always take investigation and research as an important way and means to promote linguistic research。The new situation gives investigations and research new meaning，We must continue to strengthen learning and application，Improve the scientific Bet365 app download nature of the investigation and research、effectiveness and reliability，In -depth study of major theories and practical problems of linguistics，Make a greater contribution to promoting the study of linguistics。

(this article is the major project of the National Social Science Foundation "China Manchong Gusi Language Critical Database Construction and Research" (18ZDA300) phase -oriented results) 

(The author is a doctoral student in the Manchu Research Institute of Heilongjiang University、Lecturer at the School of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University; Assistant Researcher at the International Education College of Qiqihar Medical College、Doctoral Students of the Manchuria Research Institute of Heilongjiang University)