General Secretary Xi Jinping issued important instructions on publicity of ideological and cultural work，Clearly put forward the important requirements of “seven efforts”，Including “focusing on strengthening international communication capacity building、Promoting exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations”。The bet365 is a beautiful garden，This garden is not a standout of a single civilization，But a hundred flowers blooming in a diverse civilization。Civilization exchanges and mutual learning means that different civilizations learn from each other、Learn from each other，Through “the beauty of beauty” to achieve “shared beauty”。Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations are important clues to bet365 history、Important issues in today’s bet365 and important tasks in contemporary China，Has very important bet365 historical significance。

　The bet365 is the product of exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations

The bet365 is the product of civilized exchanges，bet365 history is the result of exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations。This is one of the important views of Marxist historical materialism。Marx believes，“The scope of activities that interact with each other is increasingly expanding in this development process，The original seclusion of various ethnic groups is due to the increasingly perfect production methods、Communication and the division of labor among the various peoples that developed spontaneously as a result were more and more completely eliminated，History has become the history of the whole bet365 to an increasing extent”。In other words，bet365 history does not always exist in the past，It is the result of the development of the capitalist mode of production。The bourgeoisie created bet365 history for the first time，Because the bourgeoisie makes every civilized country and the satisfaction of the needs of everyone in these countries dependent on the entire bet365，Therefore, the bourgeoisie eliminated the secluded state that had naturally formed in various countries in the past。

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out，“Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations，Is an important driving force to promote the progress of human civilization and the peaceful development of the bet365”。Cross-regional connections and exchanges between civilizations are common phenomena throughout human history，It is also an important source of the formation of the contemporary bet365。The ancient Silk Road initially opened Asia、Europe、Exchanges and mutual learning between different civilizations in three African continents。around 1500，Columbus lands in the "New bet365"、Expeditions such as Vasco da Gama’s voyage to the East and Magellan’s voyage around the bet365 objectively promoted the four oceans to become a thoroughfare、Five continents escape isolation，Globalization starts。18th-19th century，Steam engines and electrification are symbols of the rise of industrial civilization，The rapid rise of Western civilization。The collision of industrial civilization and agricultural civilization、The encounter between Western civilization and non-Western civilization is the main manifestation of the interaction between civilizations in this period。African and American civilizations were severely damaged，Civilizations such as China and India had to open up domestic and foreign countries、The search between tradition and modernity。Two bet365 wars and the information technology revolution pushed the interaction of civilizations in the 20th century to unprecedented heights。In the last century，Western civilization continues to encounter crisis，The new exploration represented by the socialist Soviet Union has had a huge impact on the bet365，Chinese-style modernization road is gradually showing its charm。

Late 20th century，End of the Cold War，The bet365 economy is booming，The Internet connects the bet365 together。People once generally looked at the future with a positive and optimistic attitude，Concepts such as “the bet365 is flat” are in the ascendant。However，After the subprime mortgage crisis、Brexit、Sino-US trade war and other impacts，The “disintegration of globalization” and “clash of civilizations” theories are gaining traction again。People started asking questions，Where should the bet365 go？

　　Pursue a fair and just bet365 system

General Secretary Xi Jinping repeatedly emphasized，“I can’t be the only one who is the only one”、Devaluing other civilizations and nations”，“Believe that your own race and civilization are superior to others，Determined to transform or even replace other civilizations，Stupid in understanding，Disastrous in approach”。Reshape a fair and just bet365 system，Should be the necessary direction for the development of bet365 history。

Injustice and inequality are the fundamental ills of today’s bet365 system dominated by Western countries, that is, the capitalist bet365 system。These ills pervade politics、Economic and ideological and cultural fields。Political，Hegemonic politics is common，U.S. Secretary of State Blinken blatantly sold the “dinner table theory” at the 60th Munich Security Conference。Economically，The United States and Europe hold high the stick of tariffs，Continue to suppress developing countries。Culturally，Various types of "Western-centric" packaging products are popular。These problems have been exposed and criticized by many scholars。1960s，Latin American scholars proposed dependency theory，Point out that the development of some developing countries is subject to the shackles of the specific developed countries to which it is attached。Dependence causes developing countries to continue to suffer political oppression and economic exploitation from developed countries。American scholar Wallerstein proposed the "bet365 system" theory。He thinks，16th century，The capitalist bet365 system begins to take shape。The bet365 system is from the center、Half edge and edge composition，The center is a few developed countries，On the edge are the vast developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America，Half edge is between the two。The central state monopolizes political power，Grab economic benefits，Control civilized discourse。Civilization exchanges and mutual learning within this system，To a greater extent, it is Western countries that pour their own civilizational views into other countries，Trying to assimilate other countries’ perceptions，Thus establishing a universal cultural recognition of the Western discourse system。

Research and criticism of racism and Orientalism，further exposes injustice and inequality in global ideological and cultural exchanges。Racism is the ideological imprint of the modern West。European and American scholars in the 19th and 20th centuries proposed the "theory of civilizational hierarchy"，Professing to bear the so-called "white man's burden"。Western white people who advocate civilization and enlightenment believe that they not only have the right to rule the bet365，And we have the obligation to "civilize" the barbaric and backward people of Asia, Africa and Latin America，This gives Western powers the legitimacy to implement imperialist rule。Arab-American scholar Said profoundly exposed the contempt of Western academic circles for Eastern culture，Criticize them for assuming and constructing the "Orient" as a heterogeneous "other"，And arbitrarily fabricate biased ways of thinking and cognitive systems against "Oriental culture"。

Politics、Economic and cultural injustice and inequality，It is a continuation of the historical process of hegemony promoted by European and American powers in modern times。Looking back at history，It’s not difficult for us to find，Hegemonism is accompanied by the historical process of the rise of Western powers in modern times，Causing serious disasters to people around the bet365，Causing huge damage to diverse civilizations。19th century，UK、France、United States、Germany、Japan, Tsarist Russia and other powers rely on their powerful military power，Pushing colonialism around the bet365，Establish a colonial empire，Crutal political oppression of colonial people、Economic Exploitation、Cultural suppression or even genocide。20th century，The struggle between the two major imperialist groups for bet365 hegemony was the root cause of bet365 War I；Germany、The ambition of the fascist axis powers of Italy and Japan to conquer the bet365 was the origin of bet365 War II；The competition between the two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, in pursuit of global hegemony was the root of the Cold War。Wars and conflicts that have lasted for a century have caused great harm to countries around the bet365。

　China promotes bet365 and mutual learning among civilizationsbet365 force

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out，“To develop and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics based on the profound foundation of Chinese civilization for more than 5,000 years，Combining the basic principles of Marxism with China’s specific reality、Integrating with China’s excellent traditional culture is the only way”。“With cultural subjectivity，You will have a firm self in the cultural sense，Cultural confidence has a fundamental basis，The Communist Party of China has strong cultural power to lead the times，The Chinese nation and the Chinese people have a solid cultural foundation for national identity，Chinese civilization has distinct cultural characteristics of exchanges and mutual learning with other civilizations in the bet365。”

Political exchanges of peaceful coexistence represented by the Silk Road、Mutually beneficial economic exchanges and inclusive cultural exchanges，It is China’s major contribution to exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations。Zhang Qian’s passage to the Western Regions and Zheng He’s voyages to the Western Ocean are symbols of ancient China’s peaceful coexistence and international political exchanges。Zhang Qian made two missions to the Western Regions during the Han Dynasty，Involving Central Asia、South Asia and West Asia，By promoting diplomatic visits，Promote international trade，Contribute to the smooth flow bet365 Overland Silk Road。Zheng He made many voyages overseas during the Ming Dynasty，Visit Southeast Asia、South Asia、West Asia and East Africa，Contribute to the prosperity bet365 Maritime Silk Road。Silk、Porcelain and tea are representatives of ancient Chinese mutually beneficial overseas economic exchanges。The ancient Greeks and Romans called China "Serris"，Means Silk Country。In modern times, Britain, France and other European countries called China "China"，The etymology may be porcelain。Tea drinking and tea tasting originated from China，Spread eastward to Japan，Formation of Japanese Tea Ceremony，Introduced westward into Britain，Formating the lifestyle of afternoon tea。Xuan Zang’s journey to the west and Jianzhen’s journey to the east are famous cases of inclusive cultural exchange。The eminent monk Xuanzang went to India to study Buddhism，Not only translating Buddhist scriptures，And collect knowledge on the history and geography of Central and South Asia，Promote cultural exchanges between China and India；The eminent monk Jianzhen went to Japan to spread Buddhism，And then spread literature、Calligraphy、Painting、Medicine and construction knowledge，Promote Japanese social development。

Civilization exchanges and mutual learning are the pursuit of national independence and social development by the Communist Party of China and the Chinese government、Pursuing valuable experience gained from seeking bet365 peace and international cooperation。Since modern times，Lin Zexu, Wei Yuan and other people with lofty ideals and insight proposed "opening your eyes to see the bet365"，Learn from the development experience of countries around the bet365，Combined with the excellent traditional Chinese culture，Realize the salvation plan。Revolutionary War Period，The Communist Party of China studies Marxist theory，Learning from the experience of the October Revolution，Based on China’s actual situation，Make the right policy，Promote the Chinese revolution to victory。After the founding of New China，The party and the government are based on China’s basic national conditions，Extensive absorption of the Soviet Union、United States、Japan、Germany、Development experience of France, Singapore and other countries，Exploring the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics。In international exchanges，China always adheres to peace、Development、Cooperation、Win-win concept，Actively promote international exchanges and cooperation，Play an active role in establishing a more just and reasonable international political and economic order，Including: China first proposed and has long adhered to the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence，Firmly supports the independence of the third bet365，Appreciate the spirit of the Non-Aligned Movement，Actively support the United Nations，Oppose hegemony，Support multi-polar bet365, etc.。

The two concepts of "a community with a shared future for mankind" and "Chinese-style modernization" are symbols of China's constructive role in exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations in the new era。2012，The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to “advocate a sense of community with a shared future for mankind”。2015，President Xi Jinping pointed out in his speech at the United Nations Headquarters in New York，"Today's bet365，Countries are interdependent、Sharing weal and woe。We must inherit and carry forward the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter，Building a new type of international relations with win-win cooperation as the core，Building a community with a shared future for mankind”。In the development of bet365 history，The core issues regarding the survival of a community with a shared future for mankind are increasingly becoming the core concerns of the academic community，such as environmental protection，Especially energy saving and emission reduction，China not only actively promotes energy conservation and emission reduction and other environmental protection work domestically，And actively participate in international cooperation on climate change such as the Paris Agreement。Environmental protection is not only valued by our country’s natural science and engineering experts，And attract the attention of social science scholars，Environmental history has also become an academic hot spot in history circles。2022，General Secretary Xi Jinping systematically elaborated on the concept of "Chinese-style modernization" in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China。“Chinese-style modernization，It is the socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China，Having the common characteristics of modernization in all countries，More Chinese characteristics based on our own national conditions。”Chinese-style modernization is a systematic summary of the Communist Party of China’s construction practices in China，It also provides a “Chinese solution” for enriching and developing new forms of human civilization。It confirms that the development of bet365 history has many sources and is diverse，As Habermas said，Modernity remains “open and unfinished”。Every civilization must be based on its own historical experience and practical problems，Mutual learning through exchanges among civilizations，Find suitable development goals and path forward。

In short，Promote exchanges and mutual learning between different civilizations，Has very important bet365 historical significance。Different countries、Different civilizations must develop together while respecting each other、Win-win cooperation while seeking common ground while reserving differences。In collision and intersection，Different civilizations can achieve self-growth and innovation，This will help avoid conflicts and estrangements，Also helps to build harmony、Stable international order，Thus promoting the common progress and development of bet365 civilization。

　(The author is deputy secretary bet365 Party Committee of East China Normal University、Professor，Chief expert on the construction of Chinese historical discourse system and international communication base)