After the announcement of Tsinghua Jane's "Hou Father" in 2015，Among them, it involves important contents such as "Mencius" quoted "Shang Shu"，Views of the academic circles。Mr. Li Xueqin once pointed out，"Tsinghua Jane's" Hou Father "related sentence，It may be the source of Mencius quoted "Book" ("Tsinghua Jane" Father "and" Mencius "quoted" Book ")。Mr. Ye Xiaowen also thinks，"Mencius Yin" Shang Shu "，I compiled a paragraph in Tsinghua Jane's "Hou Father"。I just don’t know that the editor is wrong，Still Mencius's citation is wrong，Write the word 'chaos' as the word 'pet' "(" Speaking from the "Bringing" of Mencius from "Tsinghua Jane")。November 20, 2020，"Tsinghua University Tibetan Warring States Bamboo Slip (picking)" achievement conference was held in Beijing，Director of the Literature Research and Protection Center of Tsinghua University, Huang Dekuan: The release of Tsinghua Jane can bring new content to the academic community、New Questions，For example, "Mencius" in "Hou Father" quotes the certificate of "Shang Shu"，It is an important achievement of Tsinghua's simple research。Current，Academic circles are generally considered，"Book of Mencius Liang Hui" quoted "Book" from "Hou Father"。Some scholars think，"Mencius" quoted "Shang Shu" and "Hou Father" has nothing to do with。We carefully analyzed the two texts of Tsinghua Jane's "Hou Father" and "Mencius" quoted "Book"，The relationship between the two is more complicated，Actually there are multiple possibilities，Need to make specific analysis。

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Tsinghua Jane's "Hou Father" records the conversation of the dialogue between King Zhou (should be King Wu) and the descendants of Xiaren's descendants。After the Zhou people get destiny，Compatible politically、Open attitude，Actively summarize the bet365 Play online games summer people、Yin people’s ruling strategy and political experience。Wu Wang is eager to understand the achievements of Xiaren Jianbang，to learn from the first king Yu、The way of governing the country，So ask the Hou Father，What is the reason why Xia lost his destiny? Is it because Xia Yan is eager to enjoy it、Do not repair morality、Shuttle to sacrifice? Facing the question of King Wu，Hou Father answered:

"Dulu (Note: Sigh)，Tianzi! Gu Tian drops people，Let Wanbang，The King of the Mou，Master of the Writer，Only said that it helps God to chaos the people。(Note: to) 慝 (Note: Speak、Evil) Wang Nai curved his life，Ephesian Penalties of King Kings and Kunjia，Undverted Juede，Shen Yan Yu Fei Yi，Tian Naiforuo (Note: forgive)，Nai Dian Jue，Undead State。”

Hou Father thinks，Born people and stand up to the monarch、Division，The purpose is to "help God to chaos the people"。"Chaos"，Ji also，This is a common resignation example of "Shang Shu"。From the discussion of the text，The means of Jun helping Tianzhimin，is punishment。Dist of Xia Bang，Also because of Xia Xun, a monarch of the evil，Violation of God's command，Abandoned the "Penalties of the King" Kong Jia，Shen Yan in "Non -Yi"，That is, the incident of ritual law，As a result, God will not be forgiven，Sui Zhongzhong，Destroy its state。So，Hou Father pointed out the root cause of Xia Lost Kingdom，Not losing morality，and lies in the disability。Some scholars speculate，Hou Father may be the monarch of Qi Guo when Yin Zhou。Yin Gexia Life，After obtaining the power，Zeng Fengxia descendant Yu Qi，The descendants of Feng Yin people in Song。Hou Father is the Salesman of the Xia Dynasty，But because it has lived under the rule of the businessman for a long time，Its concept also contains the thought of the businessman，Affected by the latter，Actual integration of Xia people、Yin people's thoughts。As can be seen from above，Hou Father thinks the cause of the Xia Dynasty's demise，It bet365 live casino games is the tradition of giving up the "governing the people by punishment" in Xian Wang Jia，This is with Zhou Ren for Xia、Yin Zhian's understanding is obviously different。

　"Mencius" reflects the thought of Zhou people's "honor and protecting the people"

Some scholars have noticed，In Tsinghua Jane's "Hou Father"，Kong Jia is called "King of the Pioneer"，As the King of Outstanding as a "virtue"，The rule of "governing the people" by him，It must be resolved by the post -king。In the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period and the Han Dynasty historical narrative，Kong Jia is a "obscenity of virtue and decline"。Such as "Mandarin · Zhou Yu Xia": "Confucius in chaos in summer，IV 殒。"Historical Records · Xia Benji": "Emperor Kong Jiali，Good Fang Ghost God，Prostitution，Xiahou's Defense，The vassal bank。"The reason why this happens，It should be with Xia、The changes in the political concept of Shang and Zhou people。Xiaren、Yin people pay attention to establishing the authority of the king、Strengthen the rule of the people，So the role of punishment。Yin Wang Pan Geng announced many times, "I am the destruction，No Breeding "(" Shang Shu · Pan Geng ")，Penalties for small people who do not listen to，Destroy all the violations。Dan Xia、Lost of the Starter Kingdom，Let Zhou people deeply realize "destiny"，Destiny's gain and 葆 有，All depend on the "virtue" of the king。So Zhou people emphasize "Jingde and protect the people"。"Zuo Zhuan · Gong Gong Five Years" quoted "Zhou Shu" and said: "‘ Huang Tian has no relatives，Dade is supplement。‘‘ 黍 非 馨，Mingde Weixin。'"Heaven is fair and selfless，Tongren in all ethnic groups，and choose "democracy" according to their "virtue"，Fu Tian govern the people。What God likes is not 黍 but virtue of the aroma。As far as the rule of rule，Zhou people advocate "Mingde Shen Pun"，Careful punishment is "Penalty Killing" ("Shang Shu · Kangji")。Due to changes in political concepts，bet365 live casino games The evaluation of the monarch also changed naturally。In the eyes of Xiaren，Kong Jia is the "King of the Philosophy" of the Governance of the State。Affected by the concept of Zhou people，Kong Jia is gradually regarded as the tyrannical faint king and "chaos of the summer"。

Like Confucius，Mencius as the heirs of Zhou culture，and the Xiaren、There is a certain distance from the thoughts of Yin people。Mencius advocates "benevolence" and "people"，It is the further development of the thoughts of Zhou people's "respect for the people"，and "Hou Father" advocate "unpredictable people's hearts"，It is emphasized that the stance of "punishment" in the emphasis on governing the country is different。Mencius advocates "doing one wrong，Kill a good live，and get the world，Nothing "(" Mencius Gongsun Ugly ")，It is the inheritance of the thoughts of Zhou people's "punishment and righteousness"，and Xia、Yin's "Governing the People with the Citizen" has a fundamental difference。Mencius believes that "people have no constant production，without perseverance，Gou Wuheng，Putting Evil Luxury，All are all。and sin，Then torture，Is also the people "(" Mencius · Liang Hui Shang ")。If people do not solve the basic survival needs of the people first，enable them to "be enough for parents，It's enough to be a livestock wife "，As a result, it can only be forced to embark on the road of crime，At this time, punishment is punished for punishment，Actually it is "the people"，Crful people。"焉，Can the people do it? "(Same as above)" The people "not only violated Mencius Renyi Thought，Not in line with his civilian proposition。Like the Zhou people，Mencius does not oppose the use of punishment，But emphasizes raising the people、The importance of teaching the people。The king is mainly virtue、based，Supplemented by punishment、is the last，Jingde and protect the people，Stable people's heart，can you enjoy the long -term destiny。

　　"Pet" is not the error of "chaos"

Clarified the difference bet365 best casino games between Tsinghua Jane's "Father Hou" and Zhou people, especially Mencius,，Let's look at the relationship between "Mencius" quoting "Book" and "Hou Father"，It is easy to understand。"Mencius Liang Hui" records that King Qi Xuan said "Widow is so brave"，Mencius discussed Wang Wang、Wu Wang's Yong:

"Book" said: ‘Skyfall to the people，The King of the Mou，Master of the Writer，Only said that it helps God's pet。Sifang guilty、Non -guilty but I am here，The world dares to have Yue Juezhi? ‘One person is weighing in the world，Wu Wang shame，This Wu Wang Yong also。And the King of Wu is also angry and the people of the world。”

It is not difficult to find，"Father Hou" "helps God to chaos the people"，"Mencius" quoted "Book" "help God's pet"，The difference between the two is mainly because the word "chaos" is written as "pet"，The difference of the word，Its reason is worthy of deepening。Mr. Li Xueqin thinks，"Father Hou" "The Master of the Master to help God to control the people"，The meaning is very smooth，So the "pet" in "Mencius" is just a mistake ("Tsinghua Jane" Father "and" Mencius "quoted" Book ")。Ye Xiaowen also believes that "chaos" as "pet" may be the writing error in the process of copying ("Speaking of" Bringing "from" Tsinghua Jane "School of Mencius")。This view is actually questionable。

We think，"Petting" is the "Mo Mencius" copied，Analysis based on the text。In the quotation text actually includes two parts: from "falling from the sky" to "the world dares to have Yue Juezhi"，The content of "Book" quoted by Mencius; the following is Mencius's performance of "Book"，These two characters are important basis for us to determine whether the word "pet" is "chaos"。According to "Book"，Heaven down the people，Establish a king for them、Division，Help Shangtian "Pet" (chaos) these people。The following two sentences are very critical，The people of the Quartet are guilty、Non -guilty，I am responsible for。How to be responsible? It is to go through the way of "Mingde Benevolence"，Laipin、Raising the people。bet365 best casino games The image of a martial arts who loves the people is on the paper，with the past torture abuse、The tyrant of the people of the people has formed a sharp contrast。Who dares to be over the world? So "pet" can only be this word，refers to pet love，instead of "chaos" errors。This is more clear in Mencius's next discussion: if anyone attempts to run rampant，Use violence to suppress、Wu Wang Yong，Wu Wang will feel ashamed。Wu Wang Yong、Angry，It is manifested in the recruitment tyrant Shang Wang Wang Wang，Because the king of being ordered is "helping God pet people"，Must bear the protection of the people、Responsibility of Anmin。If you can't protect the people、Anmin，Destiny will inevitably move。So whether it is from the text or text，"Pet" can only be loved，Can't understand it as "chaos"。Lee、Mr. Ye's view，In fact, it cannot be established。

To sum up，"Book of Father" and "Mencius", "Books quoted" in text expression in text expressions，That is, they all advocate the award of the monarchy，Think "falling down the people，The King of the Mou，The Master of the Work "。But the ideological tendency of the two has obvious differences，"Hou Father" believes that Xia's lost country，lies in the disability，Therefore, the importance of emphasis on punishment。"Book" quoted in "Mencius"，It emphasizes that "pet people"，and Mencius Renzheng、The consistency of the people's thinking is consistent。"Mencius" quotes "Book" and "Hou Father", the fundamental difference is，Whether the way of governing the people is "the main moral" or "main punishment"。"Hou Father" inherited the tradition of Xia Yin's "governing the people by punishment"，and "Book of Mencius", "Book" is a reflection of the thought of Zhou people's "respect for the people"。So，"Mencius" is the relationship between "Book" and "Hou Father"? We think there are two possibilities in the actual existence。First, "Mencius" did quote "Hou Father"，But it is not copied "chaos" into the word "pet"，Instead, I deliberately Bet365 lotto review modified，Give the new meaning of "Hou Father"，Will Xiaren、Yin people's punishment said to be transformed into Dezhi theory。Second, the "Book" quoted in "Mencius" has nothing to do with "Hou Father"，In the popular "Book" literature at the time，There is "Born people，The King of the Mou，Master of the Writer ... "，But what it emphasizes is not to rule the people，but love the people with virtue; not the Xiaren、Yin people's punishment thought，Instead of Zhou people's German thought。Mencius quotes it in the text，To explain your thoughts，This is completely possible，and the tradition of the Confucian Mencius "Charter Culture and Martial Arts" is also the same。

　(Author Unit: National College of Renmin University of China)