Carl Schorlemmer，1834-1892) is a German chemist、Chemical historian、One of the founders of modern organic chemistry。He is not only a scientist who consciously uses materialist dialectics for scientific research，It is also an excellent communist、Dialectical materialist。As a close comrade in Marx and Engels，Shawlema often discuss the philosophical problem of natural science with them，I made important contributions to the development of Marxist chemical philosophy。

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Xiaolema uses materialist dialectics to engage in organic chemistry research，firmly believes that Bryant (CNH2N+2) is the key to unveiling the various secrets in the field of organic chemistry，As a result, breakthrough progress has been made in the field of organic chemistry。

First，Shawlema proposed scientific theoretical foresee。He firmly believes that there is no insurmountable gap between organic matter and inorganic objects，The mystery of "the mystery of life can only be solved by the synthesis of protein compounds"，and learn from Marx's method used in capitalist society in "Capital"，Considering fat hydrocarbons as "cells" that derives all organic compounds，firmly believes that other organic compounds are derivatives of fat hydrocarbons，It is believed that the chemistry of fatty hydrocarbons is the basis of organic chemistry。Engels expressed affirmation of Schola's research method，I believe that Sharma has selected the simplest substance in organic matter as research objects，and firmly believe that it can lay the foundation for this new science。Shawlima regards fat hydrocarbons as cells or elements of all organic matter，and start studying organic chemistry from studying。From this，Shawlema has Bet365 lotto review created many important classic experiments and theoretical research in the field of organic chemistry。

Next，Xiaolema revealed the dialectical process of organic matter。When he first started organizing organic chemistry research，Fatty hydrocarbon chemistry is still in the 襁褓 stage。He uses fat hydrocarbons in coal tar as a research object，Not only analyzes and tests that this light oil component is saturated hydrocarbons，​​I also measured the boiling point of these hydrocarbons、Steam density、Elemental composition and molecular quantity，and conduct a systematic study of these hydrocarbons composition。Shawlema synthesized for the first time to make chlorohide、chlorotane、acetic acid Gengzhi、acetate、A series of corresponding derivatives such as Zheng Gengol，Found more complicated organic compounds，It marks the new development of modern organic chemistry。He pointed out when summing up the status and significance of fatty hydrocarbons，Bydrocarmark compounds (hydrocarbons) are not just the simplest carbon compounds，From the theoretical point of view，They are the most important carbonized compounds，Because all other carbon compounds are derived from hydrocarbon instead of hydrogen by hydrocarbon。So，This part of organic chemistry is usually called chemistry of hydrocarbons and their derivatives。Xiaolema revealed that the substances constitute inorganic objects and organic substances to complex life substances (protein, etc.) and organic life from low to advanced、From simple to complex、Dialectic process from inorganic to organic life，and pointed out the interrelated correlation of disciplines such as "inorganic chemistry → organic chemistry → biochemistry → biology"。

other，Shawlema also studied the so -called theoretical chemistry，The basic laws of chemistry science and contact with neighboring science (physiology and bet365 live casino games physiology)。He thinks，A new science is not created at once，Chemistry as science as an atom，It is a product based on physics or scientific basis for molecules，Physics is based on mechanics or scientific basis for quality。So，The development of chemistry is inseparable from the development of the two disciplines of physics and mechanics。Xiao Lima pointed out the mutual transition between chemistry and physics and mechanics、Contact and Bet365 lotto review historical development order，This idea is consistent with the views of the transformation of the material movement of the material。

As a chemist's Shrima，Not only does the material dialectics of materialism be effective in your own professional field，Also combined with chemical cases and chemical historical materials, the principle of dialectical materialism on production practice and scientific theory。He proved to natural science with his actual actions、The study of the history of natural science and the philosophy of natural science must master the correct worldview and theoretical thinking，This can achieve major breakthroughs。

　　Study on the History of Chemistry

Shawlema was influenced by Hermann Franz Moritz Kopp，There are deep research on the history of chemistry。His chemistry teaching、Chemistry research and history of chemistry are organically combined together，Studying the history of chemistry on the standpoint of historical materialism，It is believed that chemists must master chemical history knowledge，can there be higher standing、Wider vision。

Shawlema is skilled in using Marx's dialectical materialism and historical materialism methods，Organic chemistry knowledge as of the 1970s will be，systematically explained in a chemical structure theory，Make it a scientific system，It has a significant historical significance。The "Carbon Correspondence Tutorial or Organic Chemistry Tutorial" written by Xiaolima (Bet365 app download 1871) is the first textbook written in accordance with the principle of chemical structure，The German version was released，Soon the standard textbook for popularity in various countries，and being translated into a variety of text publishing。This book is clear、Simplified，There is still important academic reference value to this day。After becoming a professor at Organic Chemistry in Owins College，A series of courses on the history of organic chemistry have been set up for senior students，A large number of chemical historical materials were collected during the meter，Writing with the history of organic chemistry。The "Organic Chemistry Genesis and Development" he wrote (1879) is the world's first monograph on the history of organic chemistry。

In the era of Shawama，Writing a history of organic chemistry is extremely difficult。At that time, there was no ready -made similar works available for reference，and this science is in rapid development，Professional strong，There are many information，Need to watch the overall situation、Familiar with the chemical documents of various countries and have strong theoretical thinking to be competent for this job。Shawlema can complete the writing of this history of organic chemistry，It is inseparable from his years of knowledge accumulation and the use of scientific research methods。He attaches importance to theoretical thinking，The principle of consciously using the material dialectics，When analyzing the general historical law of the development of organic chemistry theory，He explicitly pointed out，The existing theory is not a dogma，Instead, it is constantly changing in accordance with the laws of dialectics。It is precisely because Shawarima can observe the overall situation in the research of chemical history，Good at using dialectical thinking，and draw wisdom from it，So he not only knows the Bet365 lotto review historical development process of people's thinking，And familiar with the views of the general connection of the outer world in various eras，This is a hard -pioneering work in the study of the history of organic chemistry。"The emergence and development of organic chemistry" was officially published，Welcome and highly evaluated by widely welcomed and highly evaluated，And was identified as the only classic book for organic chemistry history for citing for a long time。

　　Scientist spirit

Shawlema Born poor，I want to keep knowledge about knowledge，From apprentices to world -renowned scientists、Member of the Royal Society of the UK、Professor of Organic Chemistry，He has no pride，Even the more the knowledge grows, the more you discover your own deficiencies。Xiaolema optimistic and open -minded、Passionate and cheerful、Life frugal，Even after the improvement of living conditions, there is still a simple and simple life。From Engels,，All the living situation of Shawlima，Only "providing laboratory and the means of theoretical work"，but not seeking comfort for yourself。Shawlema Life frugal，It is very generous to treat friends and comrades，Always enthusiastically help friends who have difficulties around you、Student。As a chemist with communist beliefs，Xiao Laima humble、Uknames excellent quality，Establish a model of the spirit of scientists。

As an outstanding chemist and great communist，Shawlema has noble scientific morality and ideological quality。He does not care about fame and fortune、Don't ask for gains and losses、The scientist spirit and conscious use of natural dialectics of natural dialectics are worthy of praise。Shawlema's Marxist chemical philosophy research and outstanding achievements，is the inevitable result of adhering to the guidance of scientific theory，It provides an important bet365 Play online games revelation for the relationship between scientific research and theoretical thinking in depth of scientific research and theoretical thinking。

First，Natural science research should pay attention to theoretical thinking methods。Shawlema In Chemistry Research，Consciously adhere to the guidance of dialectical materialism and historical materialism theoretical thinking methods，Make remarkable scientific achievements in the field of organic chemistry and chemistry，Provides a role model for contemporary scientific workers to attach importance to Marxist theoretical thinking methods。Scientific workers should take the initiative to learn and master Marxist science theoretical thinking methods，and used to guide scientific research practice。

Next，Marxist era needs to support natural science。Shawlema is with Marx、In the interaction of Engels，Frequently discuss issues related to natural science。Marx when writing "Capital"，To study the problem of land rent，Related knowledge in agricultural chemistry。He was in the letter to Engels on January 3, 1868，Specializing in Totorgus Consultation related issues and research progress with Sharma。Visible，Marx attaches great importance to learning and absorbing natural science theoretical results when creating dialectical materialism and historical materialism theory。Current，In the process of promoting the era of Marxism，Still need to pay attention to the new development in the field of natural science、New results。On the one hand，We must consciously absorb the innovative results in the field of natural sciences，Continuously、Perfect、Develop Marxist science theoretical system，to better reflect the requirements of the times and lead the development of the times。On the other hand，Marx's science and technology theory is an important content in the Marxist ideological system，Research on strengthening bet365 live casino games Marxist science and technology theory，It is important for Marxism to continue to maintain vitality and vitality。

　　(This article is the key project of the National Social Science Foundation "Emerging Science and Technology Ethics Consensus and Risk Governance -Taking Science and Political Science as the Context (20AZX007) phased results)

(Author is a doctoral student at the School of Marxism School of Hebei Normal University; Associate Professor of Marxist College of Hebei Normal University)