Looking at it from the world，The modern transformation of the country has always existed to varying degrees of "national failure" phenomenon。Whether it is a "captured country" phenomenon，Still "predatory country" phenomenon，Severe degree will lead to the failure of the national modern transformation。China has experienced more than 40 years of reform and opening up，Successfully walked out of a national modern road，Get "rare economic rapid development miracles and long -term stable miracles in the world"，opened a new realm of national governance。This is largely due to the high degree of national autonomy from the country led by the Communist Party of China，It has been committed to the pursuit and maintenance of the overall interests of society (the interests of the people)。Under the new situation of comprehensive deepening reform，Study internal relationship between national governance and national autonomy，In -depth analysis of the party's governance and leadership from the level of institutional arrangement and institutional operation、National Power、Complex relationships between the pattern of national capabilities and social interests，Reveal the law of development and change，It can provide a regular reference for "better institutional advantages of our country into national governance"，Provide theoretical guidance to improve the systemic overall synergy of comprehensive deepening reforms。

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The theory of national autonomy originated from the "relative independence" theory of the country in Marx Engels。Marx Engels discussed the independence of the country from the entire society from the perspective of the "origin of the country"，From the perspective of "national essence", the independence bet365 best casino games of the country's individual members inside the ruling class，From the perspective of "exceptional situation" and "public power alienation", the state only pursues the interests of its organization and bureaucracy，Get rid of the control of the entire society including the ruling class。It should be pointed out，The "relative independence" theory of Marx Engels is just an empirical observation of capitalist reality，It is not a standardized national theory in the strict sense。

The New Marxist State School has discovered the "relative independence" theory of Marx Engels under the "Social Centerist" research paradigm，I believe that capitalist countries have the nature of class rule，but not a simple tool for the ruling class，Instead, it has a certain autonomy (Proven，1973）。At the same time, think，The country is essentially the country of the ruling class，But the connection between the class that is economically dominant and the country as a political entity is not as close as people think，The country actually has the "relative autonomy" of the ruling class and civil society (Mir Bonde，1977）。Whether it is the view of the structuralist country of Prankzhus，Or Marimer's Toolish State Observatory，Both believe that the state's restraint of economic and social relations that the state is dependent on，It is impossible to have absolute autonomy。

The "Return to the State School" affected by the view of the Weber national view is pioneered by the national autonomy theory under the "national centralism" research paradigm，I believe that the state has "potential autonomy"，That is, the state as an organization that claims its dominance for specific territories and the people，It may be established and pursued that it is not just a social group、Target or interests of class or community (Skocpo，1979); and from the perspective of public policy, the country's autonomy is defined as "the country's own preferences into authoritative behaviors and the degree of public policy obeying public officials' weighted preferences" bet365 Play online games (Nottingger，1981）。"Return to the State School" realized，The country is an independent action subject，With its own independent will、Interests and action capabilities，But ignore the "interconnection" relationship between the country and society，Ignoring the field of the country，That is, the state is also a stage for various social forces to compete to a certain extent。

"New Nationalist School" has created a research paradigm for "symbiotic interaction of the country and society"，Emphasize the "mutual change" and "mutual composition" relationship of the country and society，and the economic transformation of developing countries，It proposed "the country embedded in society，But still has autonomous ability "theory of" embedded state autonomy "(Vis、Rebuson，1995); It is advocated that only the "bureaucratic system" is inlaid in the market and society and can maintain its own autonomy，can effectively promote economic development (Evans，1995)。It can be said，Western scholars' understanding of the country has been deepening，But influenced by the experience templates and academic fields of its national governance，I did not realize the essence of the country's autonomy。

　　Research dynamics of the autonomy of the country in China

Chinese scholars are introducing、Digestion and absorbing Western Marxist spectrum national autonomy and Weber spectrum national autonomy theory，Combined with China's national nature and national governance practice，Use Marxism's position、Criticism and method、Reconstruction and reconstruction，Construction of "China Localized State Autonomy Theory"。Research on the autonomy of domestic state can be divided into four stages。

The introduction stage of the translation of national autonomy theory (1978-1993)。In the early stages of reform and opening up，Domestic public translation and publishing some Western Marxist works，For example, Prankzha's "Political Power and Social Class"、Miraibr Bournade's "Marxism and Political Science"bet365 Play online games ，Clearly on the issue of national autonomy，These achievements, together with the classic Marxist classics, constitute the theoretical source of domestic scholars to study national autonomy。

The preliminary development stage of national autonomy research (1994-2004)。First, study the concepts and attributes of the autonomy of the country in the Marxist Spectrum，Some scholars believe that the country's autonomy refers to the state under certain circumstances，It is possible to get rid of the control of the ruling class，Realize a certain independent goal (Chen Binghui，1994），and other scholars believe that the national autonomy refers to the state that can surpass the class、Class、Pursuing public interests above the interest group (Yu Jianxing，2002); Some scholars believe，2000），Other scholars believe that the country's autonomy is the inherent attribute of the country，Countries at various stages of development in history have this attribute (Lin Shangli，2004）。Second, a preliminary study of the national autonomy theory in the Weber spectrum system，If the theory of autonomy of the national autonomy returning to the state school (Yang Xuedong，1996），For state power、National Ability、Study of the relationship between the autonomy of the country (Shihe Xing，1996）。Third, transplant the theory of national autonomy from the western context，Combined with China's reform, opening up and political development, conduct experience research (Sun Liping，1996; Ren Yong，2004）。

Comprehensive development stage of national autonomy research (2005-2012)。First, systematically study the theory of autonomy in the national syndrome system，If it is for Marx Engels、Pronza、Comparison of the national autonomy theory of Mirimende。The second is the translation of the national autonomy theory of the country in the Weber genealogy，"The State and Social Revolution" of Ruchebobo、"National and Economic Development" of Wans and Hobson。Third, discuss the problem of independent construction of China'bet365 best casino games s national national from a comparative political and global perspective。Fourth is to analyze the problem of independent construction in China from the perspective of local government。Five is to analyze the basic composition of the autonomy of contemporary Chinese countries as a whole、Factors and construction paths。

The deepening stage of national autonomy research (2013 to the present)。Follow the national autonomy theory of the Marxist spectrum，Analysis of the autonomy of the country in the field of vision in Marx and Engels，Analyzing the autonomy of the country in the theory of Leading Gelanis; and also studied the theory of the national autonomy in the Weber spectrum，For example, evaluate the theory of autonomy of Nordlinge; also pay attention to the concept of national autonomy、In -depth system analysis of the theoretical source flow and the special nature of the Chinese country，and the relationship between the autonomy of the country and the national public、Discussion on the relationship between national autonomy and national ability。

　Study on the relationship between national governance and national autonomy

Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee，The rise of the upsurge of national governance research，Domestic scholars began to study the relationship between national governance and national autonomy during the comprehensive deepening reform。First, economic development，If you think that the Chinese national form shifts from absolute autonomy to limited autonomy，Realizing the country -social relations from homogeneous to separation，Reshape the central and local relations，effectively promoted China's economic development。The second is social governance，If the national autonomous force is discussed in the autonomy of the city's urban community、Development、The decisive role in the change and its reform direction。Third is to explore the relationship between the state governance modernization and the national autonomy of the country during comprehensive deepening reform，If you discuss which country'bet365 best casino games s autonomy path has achieved effective state governance; if you believe that the direction of national governance reform is to emphasize the autonomy of the country、Unity and authority construction。

can be seen，The theoretical research of national autonomy and the practice of practical construction of contemporary Chinese national autonomy is gradually deepening，presents obvious localization trends。But the lack of research results is mainly manifested in: methodology，In -depth research on how to use Marxist positions and ways to study this problem is still insufficient; theoretical aspects，The concept of national autonomy、Properties、Structural and other research results are not much; in terms of practical research，Practice for the establishment of autonomous construction of contemporary China，Especially the practice of the autonomy construction of countries in the current comprehensive deepening reform，Its systematic needs to be further strengthened。

In short,，Constructing the theory of autonomy of the country's native country，It can enrich the theory of Marxist state; explore the formation logic and changes of contemporary Chinese countries，It can provide experience reference and rules for the establishment of the country's autonomy construction in the comprehensive deepening reform; explore the leadership of the party、National Power、The complex linkage relationship and development and changes between the national capacity and social interest pattern，It can provide theoretical guidance to the systemic integrated synergy that can improve the comprehensive deepening reform; explore the deep logic relationship between the national independence construction and the modernization of national governance in comprehensive deepening reforms，helps to better promote the modernization of the national governance system and national governance capabilities，Improving the structure of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics，Make sure the people's bet365 best casino games nature of national power。

(This article is the 2017 Shaanxi Provincial Social Science Foundation General Project "Comprehensive Deepening Reform Study in State Governance and National Autonomy Construction" (2017E007) phased results)

(Author Unit: Teaching and Research Department of Yan'an Cadre College China)