Professor of the School of International Relations and Public Affairs of Fudan University。The main research direction is comparative politics、New Political Economics，Published "Political Science of Democracy", "Political Science General", "Logic of Democracy" and other monographs。

Since the rise of the British Industrial Revolution and the Western World，How to modernize other traditional society and backward areas worldwide、How to complete the modern transformation of a more advanced social model，It becomes an important issue。But，It is not easy to achieve a sufficient bet365 live casino games modern transformation。Especially for traditional powers，Due to historical tradition、Value concept、Geography、International competition and other reasons，The path and mode of modern transformation often presents considerable special characteristics，Even showing a larger twists and turns。For example，Russia、Egypt、India's traditional great powers，They are the main inheritors of some important civilization or the empire，It is also a country that has not yet been fully modernized。

The special characteristics of the transformation of the big country lies in，In the internal affairs，Traditional great powers as the subjective inheritors of some ancient civilization，Often faces more heavy historical burdens and more complicated constraints;，Traditional powers as Bet365 lotto review a regional or global country，Due to historical or practical reasons，It is more likely to have nervous or hostile relationships with the Western world。And these two factors and their interweaving make it more difficult for traditional powers to complete modern or modern transformations。Specifically，It can be expressed as five propositions。

Proposition I: As long as the traditional country does not encounter a major crisis or major frustration，It is inclined to maintain the status quo; traditional powers start a modern change or transformation，It is often a major crisis or triggering triggering for major frustrations，Especially the failure of the internal and external war。

Proposition 2: In the face of the internal and external impact and crisis caused by the rise of the West，Traditional powers Bet365 app download often face political tasks reconstructed by the state，This constitutes the constraints of modern transformation of traditional powers。

Proposition 3: Once the traditional country passes through modern changes，Get rid of the major crisis，Especially entering the development channel，It is easy to start the process of re -finding and discovering the traditional process，This may prevent them from continuing to complete the bet365 live casino games modern transformation。

Proposition 4: Facing the global politics of the West、Economic and military expansion，Traditional great powers often encounter failed to be colonized or war，It is easy to be in a oppressed position，Then generate strong confrontation with the Western world，Including your own frustration and negative views on the West。That's for this，Western worlds often create bet365 Play online games their own enemies during colonial expansion。

Proposition 5: After the traditional country has undergone modern changes or modern transformation，If the strength is greatly improved，Then major Western countries are more likely to regard it as a competitor in power globally or regional。This kind of power competition between major western countries and traditional powers will shape the latter's basic tendency in internal affairs and diplomacy。

It is the logic presented by these five propositions，From the perspective of domestic and international politics, it explains why traditional powers are more likely to encounter modern transformation problems。This conclusion can be against Russia、Türkiye、Iran、Egypt、India and other countries in case studies obtained experience proof。