In recent years，The characteristics of European political parties are mainly manifested as: the impact of populism on the traditional mainstream value system，Especially the political influence of right -wing populist parties has expanded significantly; the control of mainstream political parties has decreased; the fragmentation situation continues，The turbulence of the political parties has intensified; the joint and differentiation of the left and right parties present a new trend，Especially the traditional mainstream political parties have been broken in the "epidemic prevention" of the "extreme right -wing" party。Here，We try to make basic judgments on the overall situation of European political parties，Focus on several major issues that affect the political trend of European political parties。

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The situation of European political parties politics，Our judgment a few years ago was a callback of left -wing politics，Social Democratic Party basically stabilizes the situation。From this，A new left and right relative balance appeared in Europe。In view of the overall defeat of the left wing in the past two years, especially in the 2023 European national elections，Someone emphasizes that the left -wing recovery stops，A new conservative trend has appeared in European politics。But what needs to be pointed out is，Left -wing recovery mainly refers to the Social Democratic Party, which is a traditional left -wing political force, stopped the continuous decline in the past ten Bet365 lotto review years，This leads to a new relative balance between the left and right wings as a whole。This is different from the left -wing rejuvenation of Europe in the 1990s，It has not fundamentally changed the conservative trend of European politics。Today，Even the left -wing of Europe has basically failed in the European elections in 2023，But as far as the performance of the social Democratic Party of various countries，They did not continue to deteriorate，Most of them still improve。From this，We have maintained the decline in the Social Democratic Party of European countries、Basic judgment in the process of political building。The question is，Other left -wing forces in Europe，Especially the radical left wing that has been active in the past 10 years has appeared obvious adjustments。In contrast to it，The influence of the right -wing populist party is further expanding。This is the key to the current political imbalance。

You need to pay attention，Although European and even European and American politics have a tendency to conservativeism，But the European right -wing conservative camp also differentiated。The most prominent manifestation is the traditional right -wing party differentiation，Right -wing populist party strong rise，Especially some right -wing populist parties have a mainstream tendency。They will influence the political foundation and political trend of European conservatives in a far -reaching sense。

　Several major issues that affect trendy changes

First，Pursuing new political positioning and balance in the fragmented structure，This is a new normal of European politics，It is also the deepest factor that affects the most changing changes in European political trends。The fragmentation Bet365 lotto review of political parties is mainly manifested as the increase in the role of political parties entering the national council，and the big party caused by it、The small party is not small structural state。Typical like the Netherlands，In the country's 2023 election，26 political parties (7 of which are new parties) compete for 150 parliamentary seats，15 of them got seats。Even the relatively stable German in European politics，6 political parties who entered the Federal Parliament in the 2021 election，5 votes exceeded 10%，The largest party German Social Democratic Party has only 25.7%。But the fragmentation of European politics is not just a structural state of a political party，It means a change of political ecology。

Fultil balance on the basis of fragmentedization is the current reality，It is also the pursuit of self -goals for all kinds of political parties、Prerequisites for strategic positioning and policy selection。It brings at least two new changes in European political parties。The first is the change of party behavior。Traditionally，Discuss the European and American political parties will distinguish between mainstream political parties、Balanced political parties and marginal parties，Different parties mean different strategic positioning and different behavioral selection。For mainstream political parties with political control，Based on the intermediate force of the social subject，Therefore, we must also stand on the middle political position。But under the above increasingly severe fragmented structure，The mainstream parties may not choose an intermediate position。This is also a deep -seated motorization of some mainstream political parties.。Second, the phenomenon bet365 Play online games of the new party has affected politics from various countries to a greater extent。In addition to the significance of adding new characters at the National Council level，The new party phenomenon is also reflected in the frequent replacement of the new political party group。Under the fragmented structure，Election of political parties suffers from accidental factors，Especially the influence of the personal factors of political party leaders increase。New Party formed by some influential politicians often becomes a new uncertain factors affecting the results of the election and direction。In fact，In the Dutch election in 2023，Two New Party，That is, the rising and influence changes of the New Society Contract Party (NSC) and its influence directly affects the final election results。In short，In the background of fragmented，Political parties' behavior、Positioning and policy methods have appeared uncertain changes，Uncertainty of European politics increases thus。

Next，"Epidemic Prevention" for the Right -wing Political Party was broken。In a period，Faced with the political rise of some extremely right -wing political parties，European mainstream parties have jointly resisted it，Including cooperation to resist in election politics，and do not cooperate with its government organization，to prevent it from entering the government。It is also known as the "Cordon Sanitaire" (Cordon Sanitaire)。But with the successive rise of right -wing populist parties、Fragmentation of political parties，and the exfoliating tendency they show，This "epidemic prevention" in some countries (including Italy、Sweden、Finland) has been broken one after another，Traditional middle right party chose Bet365 lotto review to cooperate with the right -wing populist party。Spain and the Netherlands currently in the process of government organizations，The mainstream parties in the right and right -wing populist parties in the middle of the right have actually accepted cooperation with each other。Even in Germany and France，Although traditional right -wing mainstream parties still choose positions that do not cooperate with right -wing populist parties at the national level，But loosening at the local level。The direct result of the "prevention of epidemic" appearing in the right camp is the enhancement of European right -wing forces，2022-2023 Elections in some European countries highlight this。It brings the problem of right -wing populism and right -wing political integration in Europe，It while strengthening the conservative tendency of European politics，It also means that European politics may return to a polarized left and right political model。This is a question that we need to pay attention to when we grasp the trend change of European politics。

again，Intergenerational differentiation around a series of major social issues has greatly affected the changes in European political party politics。The intergenerational differentiation of major social affairs has greatly affected the intergenerational differentiation of European political parties' politics。In the past, political polarization was mainly about the opposition between mainstream political parties and the right -wing party of polarization，Ignoring the influence of the intergenerational differentiation of political parties。Intergenerational differentiation of political parties mainly refers to the increasingly conservative of traditional social subjects，The power of the new generation is becoming increasingly bet365 live casino games aggressive、Liberalization，The differentiation of the two becomes a deep -seated cause of the new political polarization around identity politics。For example，In European countries，The support team of traditional mainstream political parties is becoming increasingly aging，Green Party has greater support in the younger generation。New -generation European politicians relying on green politics often show the differences from traditional mainstream political people and politicians。Because the younger generation has not experienced World War II，No experienced cold war，No historical burden，Their views on many major issues lack the so -called "rational"。

Last，It is worth emphasizing is，The strategic transformation of Europe has also affected European political parties to a greater extent。Differential differences around the European Union is a major issue that affects European political parties politics。and in recent years，Cognitive differences around European strategic transformation also affect political changes in political parties from various countries。In this sense，Ukrainian crisis and Palestinian conflict (will) have a profound impact on European political parties politics。On these issues，Traditional mainstream parties basically reached a consensus。The right -wing populist party that adheres to the principle of pragmatism is while adapting to the new changes brought by them，It also effectively uses the crisis of ground political politics on the persistence of European，Continuously expand your political influence。From this,，Ukraine crisis and the new Palestinian conflict have exacerbated the existing differentiation situation of European political parties。

(The author is a professor at the School of Political and Public Management of China University of Political Science and Law)