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May 22, 2020 02:11 Source: "Chinese bet365 new user promo" Issue 1931, May 22, 2020 Author: Zhang Chi

　　Singing dysprosium is a kind of sounding arrow often mentioned in ancient Chinese literature，The title comes from "Historical Records: Biography bet365 new user promo Huns"。In Sima Qian’s writing，Maodun "Mingdi Patricide" ascended to the position of Chanyu，The era of Huns dominating the grasslands began。Historian Jian Bozan said: "How good is a pipa song，Fifty years of silence”，Praising "Zhaojun's great achievements"。From "Border Town Bitter Dysprosium" in Zuo Si's "Ode to History"，Yu Xi flies to Kyoto”，To the "Xuan Mo Yun Ping Chu Formation" in Li Ang's "Army March"，When the moon rises in the West Mountain, we hear the sound of dysprosium"，all outline Mingdi’s feelings about the frontier。

　　1925，The Soviet expedition team conducted archaeological excavations at the Noyan-Ula Cemetery on the banks bet365 new user promo Selenga River。In a tomb of a Hun nobleman，Members bet365 new user promo expedition discovered several strange bone arrowheads，Hollow，There are 4-6 holes on the surface。Soviet archaeologist Lu Jinke believes after research，This kind of arrowhead is exactly the "Ming Dy" recorded in "Historical Records"。

　　After the founding of New China，Chinese archaeologists in Inner Mongolia、Liaoning、Beijing、Jilin、Heilongjiang、Shaanxi、Xinjiang、Shandong、Shanxi and other places，Many types of sounding arrowheads have been discovered。Among them，Skeleton ring dysprosium bet365 new user promo mid-Spring and Autumn Period was unearthed bet365 new user promo Jade Emperor Temple Cemetery in Jundushan, Beijing，Bronze chiming dysprosium bet365 new user promo late Spring and Autumn Period unearthed from M1 of Zhoujiazhuang Eastern Zhou Cemetery in Xintai, Shandong，The two are the earliest known physical objects of Mingdy。

　　Mingdi can be divided into two categories according to the shape bet365 new user promo device: the first type is integrated Mingdy，啞、Whistle combined into one，Material is bone、Mainly bronze，Found in the Warring States Tomb in Qicun, Xinzhou, Shanxi、Arsenal Site of Han Chang'an City in Xi'an, Shaanxi、Ruins of Jiaohe Ancient City, Turpan, Xinjiang、Liao Tomb in Guanshan, Liaoning、Jilin Fuyu Ming Tomb, etc.；The second type is split-type hammer，Metal arrowhead and bone horn whistle，Found in Taled Cemetery in Habahe East, Xinjiang and Baiyanghe Cemetery in Fukang、Complete Cemetery and Qika Cemetery in Chenbalhu Banner, Inner Mongolia、The tomb of Feng Sufu in Beiyan, Liaoning and the tomb of Geng Yanyi in Guyingzi, etc.。

　　After Wei and Jin，The shape bet365 new user promo ring is gradually fixed，Split-type hammerheads become popular，The dysprosium whistle is bone horny，cylindrical or drum-shaped，2-6 holes all over the body，Use with iron arrowhead。To Liao Dynasty，The wooden chime appears again，For example, in the tomb of Princess Liaochen in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia，A wooden hammer was unearthed，Its shape is exactly the same as the bone horn ringing dysprosium，It’s just that the shape bet365 new user promo vessel is slightly larger。The latest prototype of Mingdy found in archaeology dates back to the Ming and Qing Dynasties，For example, Fuyu Ming Tomb in Jilin、Combination of tombs in Tengke Township, Molidawa Banner, Inner Mongolia，The shape is in line with the former。

　　In the pre-Qin period，“嚆肖” is often used to refer to a loud bet365 new user promo。"Zhuangzi Zaiyou": "How do you know that Zeng Shizhi was not a Jie Zhi Zong Ya?。" Xiang Xiu thinks，“嚆ya，Yazhi Zhizhi"。Cheng Xuanying also agrees with Xiang Xiu's view，Think "嚆，The bet365 new user promo has a roaring sound"。

　　In the Han Dynasty，The title "Mingdi" officially appeared。"Anthology of Historical Records" and "Hanshu Sound and Meaning" contain: "dysprosium，Arrow，Now the arrows are ringing。" Wei Zhao's explanation is: "When the arrow flies, it sings。”That is, the arrow will make a sound during flight。According to the principle of acoustics，Wei Zhao’s explanation seems reasonable，But there is a process of change in sound。After the ordinary arrow leaves the string，The sound will gradually become smaller，After reaching a certain distance，The voice is very weak，Cannot transmit signals。Therefore，Ying Shao proposed in "Suoyin": "Ming Dy，髐剑也。”髐，originally refers to the state of bones being withered and broken。鐐arrow，That is, a hollow bone-horned arrowhead。This is completely consistent with the shape bet365 new user promo Ming Dynasty discovered by archeology。This type of arrowhead will continuously make a sound while flying，Clear sound，Easy to identify signals。

　　Dropped since Wei and Jin，There are many records about bet365 new user promo，Such as "Liang Shu·Yuan Di Ji", "Northern History·Turk Biography", "Sui Shu·Changsun Lan Biography with Chidi Sheng Biography", etc.，There are records of bet365 new user promo。To the Tang and Song Dynasties，bet365 new user promo is also known as "Mingying", "采ya", "骹", etc.。

　　About the use of Mingdy，bet365 new user promo still controversy in academia。The author is based on previous research，Combined with historical data、Archaeological findings and ethnographic materials，Summarize them into the following five categories。

　　One，Guide target，Giving orders。Except "Historical Records: Biography bet365 new user promo Huns"，"Taiping Yulan" quoted from "Ye Zhong Ji" records: "(Stone) Tiger is on the stage to shoot squirrels，An arrow shot，Five thousand riders running at once，From the south of Zhang River, we gathered together at the foot bet365 new user promo stage。”For the ancient nomadic people，There is no strict boundary between war and hunting。The battlefield is the hunting ground，The hunting ground is also a battlefield。Therefore，The most prominent role of Mingdi is to transmit signals。Cao Wei Period，The popularity of singing and hunting in the Central Plains is not unrelated to this。For example, in Cao Zhi's "Famous Capitals", "Lan Gong Jie Ming Dy"，Long drive up Nanshan”，It describes the scene of riding horses and hunting in the fields，The same scene is also preserved in the murals in the Wuyun Tomb in Jilin Jilin and the Liao Tomb in Yemaotai, Liaoning。

　　Part 2，Has certain lethality。"Northern History: Records of Emperor Gaozu Shenwu"，Gao Huan while hunting，“See a red rabbit，Every stroke is easy，Going to Huize。There is a hut in the middle bet365 new user promo lake，will rush in，A dog came out bet365 new user promo house，Bite，Eagle and rabbit both die。Shenwuwu，Shoot it with a blast，狗死”。And "Northern History·Xianzuwenxuandiji" contains，Gao Yang "shot (Yuan Ang) more than a hundred times with the sound of a laser"，The coagulated blood will drop with one stone，To the point of death"。This all shows that Mingdi has a certain lethal effect。

　　Part 3，The symbol of etiquette。“Shooting” is one bet365 new user promo Six Arts of Pre-Qin Dynasty，Due to differences in levels, salute activities of different classes are derived。According to "Zhou Rites" and "Rituals": When shooting rituals，Emperor、Princes、Bow used by scholar-bureaucrats、Arrow、Etiquette procedures are all regulated，To show the order of elders and younger ones、Be respectful and polite。Mingdi symbolizes order，Don’t overstep easily。14 dynasties were unearthed from the burial pit No. 1 bet365 new user promo Liaozu Mausoleum in Balinzuo Banner, Inner Mongolia，Prove that Mingdi represents the highest level，It is a manifestation of etiquette。

　　Fourth，Intimidation and relief，For psychological shock。"Southern History·Biography bet365 new user promo Founding King Xi" contains: "Although the sound of dysprosium is cool，Weijiusi，It will not perish，It’s also a blessing。" "Liang Shu·Chen Bo's Biography" contains: "How to become a captive once you die，Wen Ming Dy and the stock war，Bend your knees to the dome，What’s wrong？”Explanation bet365 new user promo above historical data，Mingdi once left a deep and terrifying impression on the ancients。Psychological research shows，Human fear originates from the irritating response to specific sounds。The healing effect of Ming Dy，It is due to the fear of sharp sounds。Therefore，In Liu Guan's "Moon-Watching the Candle on the Sixteenth Night, the Candle Is Not Seen in the Rain", there is a Yuan people's custom of "controlling gold and ringing dysprosium" to cope with the lunar eclipse。

　　Fifth，The role of oath。In ancient times，Oath to win the trust of gods and ghosts，Tell the world，And Mingdi has the function of communicating between heaven and earth。According to "The Secret History of Mongolia"，Jamukha gave Temujin a ring made of two-year-old horns，Temujin reciprocated by giving a ringing bet365 new user promo made of cypress，Both parties became "An Da"。When Mongolia formed an alliance with King Louis IX of France，Also used silver hammer as a gift。“Mongolian Khan gave two arrows to King Louis IX of France，The arrowhead is silver，Holes all over the body。When it shoots out，Will make a pleasant sound。”

　　Singing Dysprosium is a special type of sounding arrowhead，From pre-Qin to present day，has been circulated and used in our country。History，The Uighurs once used a kind of sound called "Sokam"，The production method is exactly the same as the "Xiang bet365 new user promo" in Song Yingxing's "Tiangong Kaiwu" in the Ming Dynasty。A kind of practice bet365 new user promo is popular in Qapqal Xibo Autonomous County, Xinjiang，Arrowheads are made of horns or animal bones，There are 4 holes in it，There is a "whooshing" sound after leaving the string，It is consistent with the Qing Dynasty literature that "Mingdi is mostly used for teaching"。A kind of sounding bet365 new user promo called "Gongbu" is used in Linzhi, Tibet，bet365 new user promo arrowhead wooden flat head，There are 4 holes all over the body，Similar to the "Mingdi" found in archeology。Based on ethnographic material，“Gongbu” sounding arrows were used in war、Hunting and Archery，It is still an important local sports and entertainment event。

　　(Author’s affiliation: School of bet365 new user promo and Culture, South China Normal University)

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