In the field of archeology，People pay more attention to the excavation of underground cultural relics，Like a tomb、Building、Excavations of city wall ruins and other types。At the same time，The archaeological community’s focus on above-ground cultural relics does not focus on road ruins。Under identification of related cultural relics，Stone tools、Ceramics、Metalware、The typology of calligraphy and painting is also relatively mature，The ontology typology of bet365 sign up offer roads is almost a blank。From this，Working procedures of bet365 sign up offer road archeology、The technical means are not perfect。

Currently，China’s bet365 sign up offer roads are divided into bare earth bet365 sign up offer roads and stone bet365 sign up offer roads，Generally speaking, bare earth bet365 sign up offer roads are easy to be covered with cultural layers。The formation of the cultural layer of the bet365 sign up offer stone roads is more complicated，Because many bet365 sign up offer stone roads in southern China are exposed and continue to be used today，There is no complete laminated cultural layer under the roadbed。Some bet365 sign up offer stone roads have been covered due to human factors such as urban abandonment and reconstruction，It will also form overlapping cultural layers，For example, the bet365 sign up offer Beijing Road ruins in Guangzhou have 11 layers of pavement laminated together。But some roads are quickly covered due to human activities，Therefore, there is no cultural layer formed above。For being exposed all the time、Qilu in use today，Archaeologists once excavated beside the cobblestone road in Pingle Town, Qionglai City，Cultural layer discovered。But this cultural layer has only reference value for judging Qilu’s identity，It is not possible to directly determine the identity of Qilu。

Currently，There is still a lack of comprehensive investigation and in-depth research on the bet365 sign up offer Chinese road system，For the Qi Road type in bet365 sign up offer Chinese roads、Plank road type、Bridge Type、There is also a lack of comprehensive and systematic understanding of the types of auxiliary facilities，As for the blocking wall on your road、Threshold Stone、Drinking from a manger、Stone Nose、There are even fewer specialized studies on guideposts and so on。So，There are some misconceptions in the academic circles that naturally formed potholes are horse hoof prints，Even simply add some natural grooves、Natural gravel is recognized as artificial gravel road。Currently，The morphology of many bet365 sign up offer artifacts in Chinese archaeology、Chronology is relatively mature，But the stone stack hole、Bridge Hole、Roadbed、The chronology of Keseishi has not been established，Isotope dating is also difficult to solve the problem of dating stone materials on bet365 sign up offer roads。So，The current academic community is concerned about the stack holes on the bet365 sign up offer road、Bridge Hole、Roadbed、The age speculation of Qishi is only an empirical conjecture，If the investigation of bet365 sign up offer road ruins is not systematic and comprehensive，There is not much information that can be accepted，Speculations tend to have low scientific credibility，And there is a trend that the earlier the better。In actual work，It is very difficult to determine the age of the bet365 sign up offer road in the absence of any direct historical data and relevant cultural relics，Due to the history, the route of the bet365 sign up offer road has been changed many times，The current roadbed may be far from the Qin and Han roadbed。Even the roadbed of Qin and Han Dynasties，The stone covering it may have been easily replaced many times during the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Far from the Qin and Han Dynasties。

From this，The author believes that the academic community has four difficult tasks that have yet to be completed in the field of bet365 sign up offer road archeology。

First，Advocate under modern science and technology，Establishing an archaeological typology of bet365 sign up offer Chinese roads。Archaeological typology is the determination of the age of historical artifacts、Refining the appearance characteristics of cultural relics、The basis for summarizing regional characteristics，But the typology of bet365 sign up offer roads is basically blank，How come some bet365 sign up offer roads are covered with rocks，Some don’t have stones，But what is the material of the stone?、The appearance is different。How to determine the appearance classification standard of Qi stone，How to identify the age of Kezhi stone，This is all worth studying。In addition，In the absence of specific records in historical documents and chronological support of related cultural relics，How to pass the material difference of the stone、Appearance characteristics、The degree of wear defines the bet365 sign up offer road bed、The age of the stone，It is an important issue that the academic community urgently needs to solve。

It is precisely the lack of archaeological typology and the lack of technical intervention，Some scholars simply identify stone pillar holes on the roadside as stack holes regardless of environmental conditions、Hitch hole and watering trough。Some people identify the existing bet365 sign up offer road ruins as the Qin and Han Five Feet Road、Litchi Road in Tang Dynasty、The roadbed and stones of Micang Road in Song Dynasty。The author discovered based on years of field work and research，The specific route of any bet365 sign up offer road in the long river of history、Subgrade selection、Pavement paving has changed dramatically。The customary path of the Ming and Qing Dynasties may be far different from that of the Han, Jin, Tang and Song Dynasties，The site is more likely to be related to the Han and Jin Dynasties、The roads related to Tang and Song Dynasties are completely irrelevant。For example, the grooved road in Chaotian Santan in Guangyuan was originally a towpath during the Republic of China，But it is speculated by some scholars to be Qi Road in the Tang Dynasty。Another example is that the holes on the Xishan bet365 sign up offer Road in Beijing were originally natural pot holes，But it was mistaken for a horse hoof print。Another example is the age of the bet365 sign up offer cypress trees guarding Jinniu Road, which has been controversial，Mainly the growth pile method that lacks modern technical means、Needle tester method、System identification of CT scans。

Second，Strengthening research on historical transportation geography，Strengthen the awareness of spatial guidance in archeology。Strictly speaking，The basic issue in bet365 sign up offer road research is the issue of historical transportation geography，So，Understanding the spatial direction of bet365 sign up offer traffic corridors is the most basic task in bet365 sign up offer road research。In Chinese history，Some bet365 sign up offer roads have historical heritage，From Han and Tang Dynasties to Ming and Qing Dynasties，Habitual passages formed due to geographical environment constraints are relatively stable，The records in the documents are also more consistent，The direction of the bet365 sign up offer road has not changed much，But the Han and Tang routes of most bet365 sign up offer roads are different from the customary routes of the Ming and Qing Dynasties。In this case，Investigation、Which bet365 sign up offer roads to discover is a big problem。

The first-level problem is how to conduct investigation and excavation in the context of being unable to determine the specific route of the Han and Tang Dynasties？The second level of the problem is to determine the relationship between the Han and Tang routes and the Ming and Qing routes，Select how much space on both sides of the channel body to investigate and excavate。For example, the research on Lizhi Road，Currently it is not possible to completely determine the specific route of the Lychee Road in the Tang Dynasty，In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, this area had many customary passages and the routes were chaotic。From this，Now the survey of Lizhi Road has almost become a large-scale survey of all bet365 sign up offer roads in the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Northeast Sichuan，The investigation status of Mi Cang Road is also similar。

If you look at it from the perspective of Shu Road’s application for World Heritage，We can transform the research space from linear heritage to zonal heritage，But from a research perspective，The space should be strictly concentrated on the main channel body。Even if the ribbon heritage is used as a research space，There must also be a space limit，For example, limit the space to within 10 kilometers on both sides of the main line。Obviously，The study of historical transportation geography should become a prerequisite for the archaeological excavation and research of bet365 sign up offer roads，The archeology of bet365 sign up offer roads will in turn provide strong support for the study of historical transportation geography。

　Third，Strongly promote "donkey walking" field trips，Basing archaeological excavations on more comprehensive road information。Long time，Both the historical geography community and the archeology community are accustomed to point-based surveys and excavations，Accustomed to directly inspecting individual points under the guidance of local cultural departments and local cultural experts。But，The bet365 sign up offer road itself is a linear heritage，Highly famous or other bet365 sign up offer roads that have been developed by cultural tourism，There are often better passability conditions，But many bet365 sign up offer road ruins are in uninhabited mountains and dense forests，This makes it even more necessary for us to constantly cross bet365 sign up offer roads to discover more historical relics like modern outdoor "alley friends"，Feel the overall environment of the bet365 sign up offer road。

More than ten years，The author personally led the team to conduct more than a hundred "donkey walking" style bet365 sign up offer road inspections in the Sichuan Basin，Only discovered relics that were not discovered before and problems that were not paid attention to。For example, after we observed a large number of caves，Only discovered the stack hole、Natural pothole、Various bridge pillar holes、Various gates、Differences between pillar holes of shrines。After observing various stones on the road，Only the first classification of the types of kieshi in bet365 sign up offer China。It is we who have gone through a large number of outdoor "donkey walking" inspections，Really immersed in the wild and folk，Rescue collection of a large number of small site names on bet365 sign up offer roads，At the same time, many conjectures in bet365 sign up offer road research were discovered、Fake content，This provides a more scientific basis for our archaeological investigation and excavation to restore the bet365 sign up offer road。

　Fourth，Strengthening the sorting out of historical documents of bet365 sign up offer roads from the perspective of historiography，Provide more comprehensive and scientific historical materials for bet365 sign up offer road archeology。Although the academic community has done a lot of work in collecting and summarizing documents on Shu Road，But not enough attention is paid to sorting out the historical documents of bet365 sign up offer roads，And some scholars are not aware enough of the differences in scientific credibility of bet365 sign up offer historical texts。

From a historical perspective，Different eras、The scientific credibility of different types of texts is different。A large number of historical memories of the Han and Tang Dynasties during the Ming and Qing Dynasties in the study of bet365 sign up offer roads，Respectively presented as oral legends、Text description、Forms of Landscape Manufacturing，But many of them are the result of the reconstruction of local history，But many people firmly believe this。For example, Zhuge Liang’s so-called Chobi Station existed as an actual station or a cultural reconstruction site during the Tang and Song Dynasties，A problem in itself。As for the chaotic spatial understanding of the location of Choubiyi during the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Reveals the general rule that it is easy to inherit place names in traditional Chinese geographical cognition, but it is difficult to inherit the spatial location of place names。In this case，It is very important to carefully sort out historical philology from the perspective of historical sources to deepen the archaeological research on bet365 sign up offer roads。It can be said，High-precision restoration of bet365 sign up offer roads in historical geography must be based on the combing of a large number of basic documents，Scientific bet365 sign up offer road archeology must be based on high-precision restoration of historical geography。So，An bet365 sign up offer road archaeologist should first be a researcher of historical documents。

　(The author is a professor at the School of History and Culture, Hubei University)