German historical law scholars think，Only the living law in life is reasonable，This living method is rooted in habits or customs，It is a manifestation of the national spirit。This view echo the following important insights in Vico's "New Science": "Law originated from human customs，The customs come from the common nature of various nations，Maintaining human society。No more natural than following natural customs ... The tribal natural law and the customs of various ethnic groups are the same thing，Since they are from humans 'common sense'。"" In this critical exposition，"Common Sense" is placed in the position of the foundation of the "Natural Law of the People" or the "Tribe Natural Law"。But，One point that often ignores us is，The concept of "common sense"，Not eternal，Terminal as one。Before the significance given by Victoria，It plays an important role in the epistemology of the classical natural laws。In its modern conversion，16、The scientific revolution in the 17th century，Especially anatomical achievements play a decisive role。

1543 Copernicus's "Sky Operation Theory" and Visiuz's "The Structure of the Human" were born at the same time，Opening the curtain of the scientific revolution。This trend of thought that lasts for a century has completely innovated the way of human natural understanding，Not only does it change people's cognition of the order of heaven and earth，And deeply affects Bet365 lotto review people's understanding of the human body's own structure。The new knowledge map scene was eliminated on the basis of natural rationality，Classical natural law theory represented by Aquina。One aspect，The attitude of new science empirical attitude dilutes the concept of God's eternal law。On the other hand，Vesarius's anatomy of the brain，The revision of the interpretation of Aristotle's "On the Soul" by promoting the scholar of the 17th century scholars，From the foundation of the knowledge building，Basis of the theory of the theory of the Middle Ages。The conceptual meaning of the concept of "common feeling" and "common concept" is gradually disappeared，A historic、Social Constructive "common sense" gradually becomes the mainstream of ideology，And this is the logic starting point of the theory of "Natural Law of Nature" in Vico's "New Science"。

Starting from the medium century，The Comment Tradition of the Soul of the Soul of the Academy，The point of Aristotle — "What does not exist in reason，First of all, do not exist in the feeling "gradually being regarded as a Gui。Scholars emphasized，Soul's understanding of the outside world originated from sensory，Must be obtained from the feeling。The entire understanding process is the form of things gradually separated from the material，Conversion from a sensible form to a knowing form。This process is called "abstract"。Commonly feels a vital role in the process of abstraction。As an internal perception ability，Common feeling is a unified "feeling" formed by integrating five kinds of external feelings.。Taking Galen brain anatomy as the basics of physiology，Aquina will Bet365 app download understand the four -heavy structure (common feeling、Evaluation、Imagination、Memory) is closely unified with the structure of the four -cavity of the brain，Complete the conceptual constructive constructive theory of natural theology。But in the comment tradition，The different opinions of Augustineists who have more knowledge in the province's knowledge have always existed and recorded。The latter emphasizes that there is only one internal perception，That is common feeling，Used to accept a certain habit and tendency。

Detailed diagram of brain anatomy in the "structure of the human body"，From the perspective of empirical evidence, the point of view of the opponent。In the second half of the 16th century，To oppose religious reforms、Jesus who promoted Catholic education as their own responsibility gathered at the time of the best late Economic Classics scholars to complete the eight volumes of the "Commented Textbook for the Blavado's Works"。Where，In 1596, the "Kobera" Review of the Soul of the Soul ", which was completed by the Jesus Roman Academy scholar Manuel de GOís, is an important representative of the internal self -renewal of the late Economic Institute。Corresponding to the re -definition of the cognitive status of the common feeling，Comment on the traditional common、congenital、The mainstream interpretation of the Aquina -style "common concept" of the self -explanatory "common concept" also quietly changed。The scope of common concepts starts to expand to some empirical、Aspiration、Content of psychological experience。Some scholars even try to use "empirical authority" and "the meaning bet365 best casino games between scholars"，Go to redefine the self -confidence in human knowledge、Congenital general principles。These small attempts and innovations，Finally accompanied by the torrent of the scientific revolution，Make Suarez will eventually feel and use the two terms with common concepts.，Objects that have been referred to with the common concept with common sense。Brief words，A more flexible、Experience、Historical constructive knowledge acquisition method was born。

The work of the priest is a key part of the change of ancient and modern，Composition 17、European philosophy in the 18th century、Law、Common starting point for political thought。First，Contents in the comments，A kind of Aristotle's abstract cognitive theoretical structure from the outside, began to disintegrate。This is a cognitive order that leads to Cartesian from the inside out，Replacement is the important part of the order of nature itself。Next，The internal perception ability of common feeling as a soul and weakening treatment of common concepts of common concepts，guided a historical dimension、Understanding the new perspective of "common feeling" in the sense of social construction，This is also one of the conditions for the meaning of "common sense"。The new understanding of "common sense" is exactly the starting point of Vico's "new science"。

Facing the establishment of the modern mathematical scientific knowledge system，Vico keenly discovered the modern scientific solution identified by "natural mathematics" and its metaphysical foundation，A eternal gap is defined between the theoretical cognition of nature and the moral practice of Bet365 app download human beings。In his opinion，When the natural purpose and deity are expelled from the infinite universe composed of an accidental collision of lonely atoms，Any effort to seek a natural foundation for the order of human order becomes difficult and heavy。How to get in Hobbes、Locke's agreement on human social order is beyond commentary，Research the possibility of a practical philosophy，and defending the legitimacy of the law becomes the focus of Victor's work。"New Science" is his solution。Vico realizes that the scientific revolution has destroyed the traditional Chinese philosophy of the philosophy of eternal law and universal natural rationality，Broken a natural foundation and rational basis of the constant natural law from the foundation。So，The practical expansion of the customs of the living practice of various nations (the Natural Law of the People) in history，Unify historical changes with eternal deity，Proposal truth is practical、Creative and historic。History process，It is gradually rising from the "common sense" in practice to the understanding of God's will，Because "consistent concepts between the people that do not know each other，There must be a basis for common truths "。"Thinking about the ideal eternal law that should be complied with all city -state in accordance with the will of God or God。All times since then、All politics of all nations are created by this ideal。"here，"God" emphasized by Vico，It is not the God of God who appeared in the image of the creator of the natural world "eternal law，and more for the establishment of the laws of all ethnic groups and deepen it gradually、The highest condition bet365 live casino games and ultimate legitimacy of the unified。Brief words，Vico aims to build a new historical theology，Used to replace the natural theology that has been uprooted by the scientific revolution。

So，"Common Sense" has become the basic concept of understanding Vico's new science。He pointed out，"Common sense is a whole class、Group、National，and even the unsatisfactory judgment shared by all human beings "。"In terms of nature，Human judgment is uncertain，It obtains a certainty from our necessary and useful 'common sense' for humans。At the same time，Need and useful is two sources of the Natural Law of Nature。""，Vico believes that common sense is the source of all the laws of the people，It is a common creed for a group to reset the system and order。These creeds have different expressions at different historical stages，The main source of the law。For Vico，The history of the law is the nature of the law。Correspondingly，The history of common sense constitutes the history of the law。What needs to be paid attention to at this moment is the specific use of common sense concepts in Vico。Bo Pa thinks，"Corresponding to the irrational origin of the human nature，Common sense is not mainly due to rational reflection，It's just a set of inner feelings commonly shared by everyone "。From the perspective of the history of thought，This is out of universal rationality and natural world，Society、The "common feeling" of historical influence is not directly inherited by Vico in ancient tradition。I am rather，This concept is a modern expression formed by a series of conceptual innovation precipitation。During its definition process，One bet365 best casino games of the flags of the scientific revolution -The anatomical achievement of Visacus，It undoubtedly played an important promotion role。

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