Respecting the elderly is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation，Development of silver -haired economy is a powerful measure to promote high -quality development。Silver hair economy provides products or services to the elderly，and the sum of a series of economic activities such as preparing for the aging stage。January 15，The General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on the Development of Silver Hair Economy and Promoting the Welfare of the Elderly" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions")，forward -looking for the development of silver -haired economy、Strategic layout，Emphasize the diversity of the needs of the elderly group and the complexity of the aging of the population，Carefully divide and sort out the key silver -haired industry、Industry、Products and services，and propose a series of constructive guidance。From the perspective of the world，Many developed economies took the lead in entering the aging society in the 1990s，Opportunities for the development of silver -haired economic development will emerge。initial，The consumer market for the elderly covers healthy medical care、Nursing service、Housing and other traditional industries，Now it has expanded to the aging electronic technology、Innate frontier fields such as information and communication and artificial intelligence。What are the development trends and regional differences in the global silver -haired economy? How China builds the silver -haired industry high -quality，Accelerate the scale of silver hair economic scale、Standardized、clusterization、Brand development? How can society and individual establish a scientific outlook on silver -haired economy and positive aging values?，The reporter of our newspaper interviewed the relevant scholars。

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José Luis Iparraguirre, a professor at the Egyptian International University Economic University Economic University Economic University, said in the book "Economic and Aging Volume 4: Political Economy"，The European Commission in 2015 officially proposed the "silver -haired economy" in the report，and define it as an economic opportunity related to the aging of the population and the consumer expenditure over 50 years old。The EU Commission will divide the elderly people who drive the silver -haired economic market into three groups。The first group is a worker who is aged 50 to the EU's retirement age.。They teach young people skills and provide guidance，The actual turnover of the enterprise、Profit and contribution of the national economy are getting greater and greater，The percentage of the contribution has gradually risen。The second group is active retirees between 65 and 75 or 80.。Their physical and mental health，Actively participate in various entertainment activities，long -term maintenance with society。The third group is an old man who is 80 years old and over。They want to be more comfortable to live in old age、Health，Consumers for long -term home care and institutional nursing services。Iprajre said，The elderly are not only consumers of silver -haired economy，Still the worker、Volunteers、Investors and entrepreneurs。Correspondingly，Silver hair economy is also regarded as workers of all ages、Volunteers、Social activities bet365 Play online games initiated by investors and entrepreneurs for elderly consumers。

Wolfgang Fengler, chief economist of the World Bank, pointed out，Among the global consumer classes that consume more than $ 11 per day，The proportion of the elderly is rising rapidly。It is expected to be 2030，Global consumer groups with a daily consumption of more than $ 11 will increase from 3.9 billion in 2020 to 5.6 billion。Although the contribution of each age group to consumption growth is almost uniform (average increase of 41%)，But the contribution of the elderly group has the most prominent growth rate，Its proportion in the consumer group will increase from 459 million to 760 million。If the purchasing power of 2011 is calculated，It is expected that the consumption expenditure of the elderly in 2030 will be slightly lower than $ 15 trillion，but higher than 8.7 trillion US dollars in 2020。Finage Notice，Silver Hair Economy is transferring from the Economic Organization Economy to Emerging Markets，Especially Asia。The annual total consumption capacity of the current silver -haired consumers is in Asia、A relatively average distribution in North America and Europe，all $ 2.3 trillion。But，The market share of the Asian silver -haired economy will increase significantly，It is estimated that by 2030, the annual expenditure of the elderly in Asia will exceed $ 5 trillion。

Helen McGuirk, Director of the Entrepreneurship Excellence Center of the Business School of the University of Science and Technology of Muntera, said，One aspect，Survival and development pressure forced European companies to actively respond to the challenge of population aging。On the other hand，The diversity and complexity of the silver -haired economy test the ability of the European government to promote economic development and social reform by implementing public policy。2018，McQick and others for small and medium -sized enterprises for 7 EU member states、Government agency、Development agency、Higher Education Institutions and Social Partners' silver -haired economic development potential launched a survey。Research Discovery，Most companies realize the changes in the European population structure and potential business opportunities，But SMEs have the economic value and social care value that confuse silver -haired economy。In addition，European enterprises are insufficient preparations for changes in external environment，In addition to insufficient innovation intensity，Unable to seize opportunities。For the above problems，McQick and others call on European governments to formulate the supply -side structural transformation and upgrade of the silver -haired economy by formulating appropriate public policies，For example, conveying the correct outlook on the development of silver -haired economic development to enterprises，Carry out specific training activities that actively respond to population aging in various places，Comprehensively stimulate the innovation and competitiveness of enterprise production and sales of aging product services，Improve the construction of silver -haired economic market system，Expand the market scale。

　　The theory of aging is the pioneer of silver -haired economy

Silver hair economy is an economic measure to actively respond to the aging of the population。One aspect，Aging has spawned the silver -haired economy; on the other hand,，The development of silver -haired economy must further analyze the structural problems of the deep -seated population aging。As the population ages become increasingly severe，Developed countries pay more attention bet365 best casino games to social uncertainty caused by population composition and quantitative changes。In this deep background，"Successful Aging" and other meaningful vocabulary and concepts，such as "health", "positive", "best", "independent", "active", "effective" or "effective" aging aging。American scholar John W. Rowe and Robert L. Kahn in 1997 proposed a successful aging model，It provides a scientific reference basis for the overall changes in the health status of people's life and the construction of intervention.。They define "successful aging" as "a variety of factors that can still operate effectively on the body and mental level when they are old"，Including avoiding illness or disability、Maintaining high levels of intelligence and physical fitness，and maintain a high investment in social activities and productive activities。Iparagi listed a number of macro standards that measured a person's "success aging"，For example, the productivity and participation of the elderly played in paid work and voluntary work、Cohesion between the intergenerational and the class、Balance between the risks of population changes and benefits、recovery ability and sustainable development。

The concept of "successful aging" spreads extensively worldwide，It also caused new thinking in the academic world。Carroll L. Estes, a professor of sociological honor professor at the University of California San Francisco, compared the concept framework of successful aging and output aging，Discovery of output is an active proof of "I can still work"，Successful aging is a passive proof of "I try not to become the burden on others"。Iprajile pointed out，Narrations such as "Successful Age" provides a convention element for the consumption of the elderly，Especially guiding consumers in fitness、Labor、Health、Happiness、Make "correct" choice for subjective initiative and self -shaping。This kind of discourse is also proposed by Paul Higgs, a professor of sociology at the University of London University, and Chris Gilleard, a "positive dynamic consumption consumer) proposed by Chris Gilleard. "Trimism" is related，It means the best choice for personal choices、Autonomous、A sense of joy and self -expression (especially the "age" self)。

From the view of Iparagi，Although the concepts of success and aging emphasize the individual's autonomy and energy，But even in a developed country，These concepts are only applicable to those who have sufficient autonomy and energy，and a few elderly people who can choose in various elderly lifestyles。Professor Marian Barnes at the School of Applied Social Sciences at the School of Applied Social Sciences at the University of Brighton University and others in "re -conceives old age: happiness、Care and Participation "written in the book，"When you feel weak、Smart is fragile and faces the decision that does not want to do，‘Selection’ is not a way of empowerment ”。John A. Vincent, a retired professor at the School of Social Sciences and International Research, the University of Exite University in the United Kingdom, also said in the paper "Unemployment and Aging"， "The really non -alienated choice is created by the appropriate pension and fair price"。Iprajile thinks，Successful aging framework presents a static ideal in old age，Ignoring history、Culture、The comprehensive impact of social relationships and structural power on life in old age。In the process of vigorously developing silver -haired economy，Be wary of the primary attention and responsibility of aging the problem of aging problems bet365 best casino games on the individual of the elderly，Especially when this narrative is continuously strengthened、Continuing and covering up the poverty and inequality of many people in their later years。

　　Build a silver -haired economic market

Professor Yang Yinan, a professor at the School of Public Management of Hunan University, introduced the advantages and characteristics of the Chinese silver hair economy，Point out that the number of elderly population in my country is huge，60 -year -old and above population exceeds 280 million people，Big Australia、Germany、Swiss、Japan and other countries have more population more。From the middle of the 21st century，The elderly population 60 and above will be close to the total population of the United States。Life requirements for the elderly population in our country present multiple levels、Diversity、High quality and other characteristics，The demand for old -age products and services is strong，Consumption potential huge。65 years old and below have more than 70 million，These young people are consumer concepts、Financial consciousness, follow the times，Actively pursue the "youthful" consumption method and quality of life，Its consumption model gradually turns to "self -enjoyment"。The above characteristics have laid a strong market foundation and population advantage for the development of silver hair economy in my country。China will become the world's largest silver -haired economy。Experience of countries such as Japan，The elderly are one of the most important consumer groups。When the consumption expenditure of the elderly rises，The country's consumer economic model will also change fundamental transformation。Currently need to focus on how to boost pension needs、Enhance the requirements level，Drive the consumption upgrade of the elderly、Activate and strengthen the elderly consumer market，Then expand the total domestic demand、Optimize industrial and economic structure。To truly start from the needs of the elderly，Provide the requirements of the living of the elderly、Products and services of consumer experience。At the same time，To increase the income of the elderly through a variety of channels and methods，Improve the liquidity of the assets of the elderly。

Professor Yang Yansui, a professor at the School of Public Management of Tsinghua University, told reporters，You can build a Chinese silver -haired economy market in three types of products。First，Pocket bottom service belongs to public products，Covering the poor is government responsibility。Second，Personalized services are private products，Cover the high net worth population，Is a market responsibility。The supply mechanism of the first two types of services is relatively clear，One needs to increase the utilization rate of bed，One needs to increase the utilization rate of bed。third，Pratt & Whitney Service is a quasi -public product，Covering most elderly groups，Need to be effective in the market and the combination of the government，That is public and private cooperation mode。This pair of national legal system、Social contract and local government governance is a challenge。First，It is necessary to divide China's huge elderly population into low income、High income and high income three categories。Second，Divide the cost of pension services as land and land rent、Real Estate and Rent、Medical and Care、The four categories of life costs。Last，The government passes the welfare land based on the three types of income、Tax and excellent treatment、Opening subsidy、Comprehensive measures such as head bet365 live casino games subsidies to make up for the gap in funds，Establish an intelligent monitoring mechanism，The rest are submitted to the family (family bed、Diseases and family members care for employment)、Community (Embedded Medicine Conducting Service) and the market to run。

Vice President of the Chinese Social Security Society、Jin Weigang, deputy dean of the National Institute of Systems of Zhejiang University, combined with "Opinions"，List the four aspects of the development of the social security field to promote the development of silver -haired economy。The first is to promote the construction of a multi -level pension guarantee system。Reform through deepening endowment insurance system，Constantly improving the basic pension insurance system，Improve the level of basic pension guarantee。At the same time，We must vigorously promote the development of corporate annuity，Expand the coverage of corporate annuity as much as possible。Second, the development of pension financial business，Guide and support various types of pension financial institutions to develop a variety of pension financial products suitable for pension financial reserves，Actively promote the booming development of exclusive commercial pension insurance。Third, the development of commercial medical insurance，Reasonably define the relationship and functional positioning of basic medical insurance and commercial insurance，Develop commercial insurance products suitable for market demand through market -oriented means。Improve the product structure，Optimize and improve the external support system for commercial insurance development，Among them, relevant departments provide necessary policy measures and big data support for commercial health insurance companies。Strengthen the supervision and risk prevention of commercial health insurance，Promoting commercial health insurance for long -term sustainable。Fourth is based on the establishment of a pilot of the establishment of a long -term nursing insurance system，Further improve the long -term care insurance system，Clear personal、The funds for financing of employers and finances at all levels，Establish an independent fund raising mechanism，and further expand the funding channel。At the same time，Encourage and support the development of long -term nursing insurance，Promote the construction of a multi -level long -term care guarantee system，Promoting the rapid development of the nursing service industry。

Zhang Sifeng, a professor at the School of Public Policy and Management of Xi'an Jiaotong University, believes，Comprehensive support for the silver hair economy、At the same time as rapid development，Also pay attention to guiding enterprises to regulate operations、The orderly development of the market，Adapt to the characteristics and behavioral habits of the demand and behavior of the elderly，Protect the rights and interests of consumers of the elderly。Existing investigation discovery，In the case of the shortage of aging products and services and urgent "aging"，Nameless health、Beauty、Travel、Insurance、Wealth Management and other products，Advertising for exaggerated words，"Playing emotional cards、Fraud on the Purchase Routine of the Texture Road，Webcast information bombing, etc.，Capture the elderly wallet、Incidents that endanger the rights of elderly consumers occur from time to time。Face these phenomena，Zhang Sifeng said，First, strictly supervise silver -haired bet365 best casino games products、Silver hair service、Silver Hair Business、Quality of silver -haired finance、Price。Second must scientific governance、Sales activities for effective rectification of silver -haired products and services、Network Advertising、False propaganda and other market behaviors，Strictly cracking down on the crime who endangers the rights and interests of the elderly。Third, use various public opinion tools and publicity methods，Help、Guide the elderly to establish scientific financial management、The correct concept of reasonable consumption;、Resisting temptation、Good habits purchased on demand。Fourth is to help the elderly smoothly cross the "digital gap"，Mobile manufacturers want to develop、Make convenient operations suitable for the elderly、Unique products; TV manufacturers、Computer manufacturers should set up one -click operation TV and computer for the elderly，Radio and TV networks to play programs that elderly people like to see; tickets、Ticket、Movie tickets, etc. should be set up for convenience、Practical aging ticket purchase operating system，or configure to assist ticket purchasers at the ticket office。The whole society must work hard to build an old -fashioned environment，Building an elderly friendly society。

　　Silver hair economy has set up many new topics for scientific research

Yang Yinan said，Laying a solid theoretical basis for the development of the silver -haired economy is a major issue facing academia，It is also a new topic。We must focus on studying the basic theory of silver -haired economy，Analyze the economic behavior of the elderly、Decision、Preference、Questions, etc.，Especially the economic rationality of the elderly、Basic theoretical issues such as decision -making mode，Silver Hair Economy and Senior Management、Elderly Sociology、Elderly Biology、Elderly psychology and other multi -disciplinary cross -cutting problems。In addition，Also pay attention to the public policy of the silver -haired economy in time，Analyze the short -term and medium -term effects and existing problems of public policy，and propose the guidance direction of policy optimization and strengthen support。

The Secretary -General of the 50 -People Forum of Pension Finance、Dong Ke, vice president of the Chinese Social Insurance Society, expressed to reporters，Pension Finance and Smart Pension is a key research area to promote the high -quality development of the silver hair economy。First，From the perspective of international experience，The problem of solving the age of population is inseparable from the media integration of finance。Financial tools and technology are an important way to actively respond to the aging of the population，It is also adapting to the change of traditional pension mode、The only way to meet the growing demand for pension in the masses，This special field of pension finance was born。October 2023，The Central Financial Work Conference clearly included "pension finance" in one of the "five major articles" that promotes the high -quality development of finance，This is also the first time that pension finance has entered the central meeting，and listed as a key financial work。Academic circles can study the design of pension financial products、Questions in risk assessment，Provide theoretical support for the practical world; the practice community can try innovative pension financial products，Provide more pension guarantee for the elderly。

Next，Under the background of rapid economic and social development，The demand for the elderly of the people is increasingly diverse。How to provide personalization、Diversified pension services are huge bet365 live casino games problems in service provision。With the continuous deepening of the current population aging in my country，The phenomenon of disability will also become increasingly severe，Nursing needs are getting more and more prominent。Dong Ke believes，Relying on traditional manpower care not only faces insufficient quantity problems，Service quality is also limited。But with the continuous progress of technology，The prospect of smart pension is worth looking forward to，Among them, the use of the Internet、Big Data、Artificial intelligence and other technical means，Provide the elderly with more personalized、Convenient health management and pension service。The academic world can study the effective application model of these technologies; while the practice world can explore how to transform technology into actual products and services。

From the perspective of Dong Ke，Social research from the demand and supply side of the silver hair economy，It will ensure that the survey results accurately reflect the national conditions，Provide high -quality support for policy formulation。The survey of the needs of the elderly in my country mainly includes the follow -up survey of the influencing factors of Chinese elderly health in Peking University and the Chinese Social Society Tracking for the Elderly of China。The former focuses on the health status of the elderly，The latter focuses on the social support network of the elderly。Under the background of the development of silver -haired economy，Scholars need to comprehensively consider the health of the elderly、Income、Consumption、Re -employment、Pension asset reserve、Pension needs, etc.，Organize the special annual continuous survey。Although the silver -haired industry is broad in China，But it is still in the starting stage of the industry，cannot be separated from policy support，and accurate and timely research can provide more accurate decision -making reference for related industrial policies。In addition，Participants of the silver -haired industry are mostly small and micro private enterprises，Not as mature as the statistical report system of state -owned enterprises。Therefore，Supply -side investigation and research also better understand the business format of the banking industry、Development trends and effective means of existing problems。